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Vol. 13. Issue 3.
Pages 383-389 (May - June 2007)
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Vol. 13. Issue 3.
Pages 383-389 (May - June 2007)
Cadernos de Anatomia Patológica / Pathology Notebooks
Open Access
Tabaco e morfologia: Doenças pulmonares
Tobacco and morphology: Pulmonary diseases
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Lina Carvalho1
1 Professora de Anatomia Patológica. Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra
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Resumo

O tabaco está implicado na carcinogénese multiorgâni-ca, com identificação de mais de cinquenta substâncias carcinogénicas que induzem mutações, alterando o ciclo celular, a resposta auto-imune e a regulação endócrina. É um dos nove factores identificados responsáveis por um terço de mortes por neoplasias malignas juntamente com erros dietéticos, obesidade, sedentarismo, consumo de álcool, promiscuidade sexual, toxicodependência e po-luição ambiental geral e limitada. Está implicado nas doenças cardiovasculares que representam a primeira causa de morte nos países civilizados e, no aparelho respiratório, é o factor principal para o desenvolvimento de DPOC (doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica), RB-ILD (bron-quiolite respiratória e doença pulmonar intersticial), DIP (pneumonia intersticial descamativa), bronquiolite e fi-brose intersticial bronquiolocêntrica, histiocitose de células de Langerhans, pneumonia eosinofílica, sarcoidose, metaplasia epidermóide do epitélio respiratório e carcinoma bronco-pulmonar. O estado inflamatório crónico sistémico induzido pelo tabaco constitui a base de desenvolvimento de alterações genéticas também dependentes dos contaminantes do tabaco.

Rev Port Pneumol 2007; XIII (3): 383-389

Palavras-chave:
Tabaco
morfologia pulmonar
Abstract

Tobacco is implicated in multisystemic carcinogenesis through more than fifty identified carcinogenic metabolites that produce mutations responsible for alterations in cell cycle, immune response and endocrine regulation. Is one of nine risk factors identified in one third of cancer deaths together with obesity, sedentary, alcohol consumption, sexual promiscuity, drug addiction, and open and closed air contamination. Answering for cardiovascular diseases as the first cause of death in civilized world, tobacco is also pointed as the major factor implicated in the development of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), RB-ILD (respira-tory bronchiolitis and interstitial lung disease), DIP (desquamative interstitial pneumonia), bronchiolitis and bronchiolocentric interstitial fibrosis, Langerhans cells histiocytosis, eosinophilic pneumonia, sarcoidosis, epidermoid metaplasia in respiratory epithelium and lung cancer. The chronic tobacco induced inflammatory state is the basis for the acquisition of genetic alterations dependent on the tobacco contaminants.

Rev Port Pneumol 2007; XIII (3): 383-389

Key-words:
Tobacco
lung morphology
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Copyright © 2007. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP
Pulmonology
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