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        "resumen" => "<span id="as0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="sp0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Introdu&#231;&#227;o&#58;</span> O tabagismo &#233; o principal factor de risco da DPOC&#44; estimando-se que 15-20&#37; dos fumadores a desenvolvam&#46; A caracteriza&#231;&#227;o desta popula&#231;&#227;o de risco &#233; um importante passo na melhoria do diagn&#243;stico de DPOC&#44; que &#233; cada vez mais um desafio nos cuidados prim&#225;rios&#46;</p><p id="sp0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Objectivos&#58;</span> Determinar a percentagem de fumadores identificados numa USF na popula&#231;&#227;o de utentes entre 45-65 anos e sua caracteriza&#231;&#227;o&#59; determinar poss&#237;veis rela&#231;&#245;es entre a presen&#231;a de sintomatologia respirat&#243;ria e as restantes vari&#225;veis&#59; e entre a presen&#231;a de altera&#231;&#245;es obstrutivas das pequenas vias a&#233;reas e as restantes vari&#225;veis&#46;</p><p id="sp0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Material e m&#233;todos&#58;</span> Estudo observacional&#44; anal&#237;tico&#44; transversal&#44; numa unidade de sa&#250;de familiar &#40;USF&#41; portuguesa&#46; Popula&#231;&#227;o&#58; utentes fumadores entre os 45-65 anos&#44; submetidos &#224; aplica&#231;&#227;o de um question&#225;rio e realiza&#231;&#227;o de espirometria&#46; A an&#225;lise estat&#237;stica foi realizada em SPSS v&#46;13&#46;0 &#40;n&#237;vel de signific&#226;ncia de 0&#44;05&#41;&#46;</p><p id="sp0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Resultados&#58;</span> A amostra foi constitu&#237;da por 157 indiv&#237;duos &#40;31&#37; &#9792; e 69&#37; &#9794;&#41;&#59; idade m&#233;dia de 53&#44;85 anos&#59; idade m&#233;dia de in&#237;cio de tabagismo de 16&#44;64 anos&#59; carga tab&#225;gica m&#233;dia de 37&#44;78 UMA&#46; Sintomatologia respirat&#243;ria esteve presente em 68&#44;8&#37; dos indiv&#237;duos&#44; sendo mais frequente nos homens&#44; com inicia&#231;&#227;o tab&#225;gica mais precoce e maior carga tab&#225;gica &#40;p&#60;0&#44;05&#41;&#46; Altera&#231;&#245;es obstrutivas das pequenas vias a&#233;reas estavam presentes em 30&#37;&#44; sendo mais frequentes nos mais velhos e com maior carga tab&#225;gica &#40;p&#60;0&#44;05&#41;&#46;</p><p id="sp0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Discuss&#227;o e conclus&#245;es&#58;</span> O subdiagn&#243;stico do tabagismo &#233; alarmante&#44; alertando para a import&#226;ncia da identifica&#231;&#227;o da popula&#231;&#227;o de risco e implementa&#231;&#227;o de medidas preventivas direccionadas &#8211; que associadas &#224; melhor caracteriza&#231;&#227;o desta popula&#231;&#227;o poder&#227;o contribuir para uma melhoria no diagn&#243;stico e abordagem da DPOC&#46;</p><p id="sp0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Rev Port Pneumol 2010&#59; XVI &#40;2&#41;&#58; 237-252</span></p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="as0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="sp0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Introduction&#58;</span> Smoking is the main risk factor for COPD&#44; and it is estimated that 15-20&#37; of smokers will develop the pathology&#46; Characterising this risk population is an important step in improved diagnosis of COPD&#44; an increasing primary care challenge&#46;</p><p id="sp0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Aims&#58;</span> To determine the percentage of smokers identified in patients aged 45-65 years old in a health centre&#44; and their characterisation&#59; to determine possible relationships between respiratory symptoms and abnormal obstruction of the small airways and the other variables studied&#46;</p><p id="sp0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Material and methods&#58;</span> Observational&#44; analytical&#44; cross-sectional study carried out in a Portuguese health centre&#46; Population&#58; smokers aged 45-65 years old who filled in a questionnaire and underwent spirometry&#46; Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS v&#46;13&#46;0 &#40;level of significance 0&#46;05&#41;&#46;</p><p id="sp0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Results&#58;</span> The sample was composed of 157 participants &#40;31&#37; &#9792; and 69&#37; &#9794;&#41;&#59; average age 53&#46;85<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>years&#59; average age at start of smoking 16&#46;64<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>years&#59; average tobacco consumption 37&#46;78 pack-years&#46; Respiratory symptoms were present in 68&#46;8&#37; of the individuals&#44; and were more frequent in men&#44; those who started smoking earlier and those with higher tobacco consumption &#40;p&#60;0&#46;05&#41;&#46; Thirty percent had abnormal obstruction of the small airways&#44; with this more frequent in older smokers and those with heavier tobacco consumption &#40;p&#60;0&#46;05&#41;&#46;</p><p id="sp0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Discussion and conclusions&#58;</span> The underdiagnosis of smoking raises awareness of the importance of identifying this risk population and the need to implement preventative measures&#46; These&#44; in tandem with a better characterisation of this population&#44; may contribute to the improved diagnosis and management of COPD&#46;</p><p id="sp0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Rev Port Pneumol 2010&#59; XVI &#40;2&#41;&#58; 237-252</span></p></span>"
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Vol. 16. Issue 2.
Pages 237-252 (March - April 2010)
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Vol. 16. Issue 2.
Pages 237-252 (March - April 2010)
Artigo Original/Original Article
Open Access
Caracterização de uma população com risco acrescido de DPOC
Characterisation of a population at increased risk of COPD
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Sandra Soares1, Isabel Costa1, Ana Luísa Neves1, Luciana Couto2
1 Internato Médico de Medicina Geral e Familiar/Resident, General Practice
2 Assistente Graduada de Medicina Geral e Familiar/Consultantant, Specialist, General Practice
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Resumo

Introdução: O tabagismo é o principal factor de risco da DPOC, estimando-se que 15-20% dos fumadores a desenvolvam. A caracterização desta população de risco é um importante passo na melhoria do diagnóstico de DPOC, que é cada vez mais um desafio nos cuidados primários.

Objectivos: Determinar a percentagem de fumadores identificados numa USF na população de utentes entre 45-65 anos e sua caracterização; determinar possíveis relações entre a presença de sintomatologia respiratória e as restantes variáveis; e entre a presença de alterações obstrutivas das pequenas vias aéreas e as restantes variáveis.

Material e métodos: Estudo observacional, analítico, transversal, numa unidade de saúde familiar (USF) portuguesa. População: utentes fumadores entre os 45-65 anos, submetidos à aplicação de um questionário e realização de espirometria. A análise estatística foi realizada em SPSS v.13.0 (nível de significância de 0,05).

Resultados: A amostra foi constituída por 157 indivíduos (31% ♀ e 69% ♂); idade média de 53,85 anos; idade média de início de tabagismo de 16,64 anos; carga tabágica média de 37,78 UMA. Sintomatologia respiratória esteve presente em 68,8% dos indivíduos, sendo mais frequente nos homens, com iniciação tabágica mais precoce e maior carga tabágica (p<0,05). Alterações obstrutivas das pequenas vias aéreas estavam presentes em 30%, sendo mais frequentes nos mais velhos e com maior carga tabágica (p<0,05).

Discussão e conclusões: O subdiagnóstico do tabagismo é alarmante, alertando para a importância da identificação da população de risco e implementação de medidas preventivas direccionadas – que associadas à melhor caracterização desta população poderão contribuir para uma melhoria no diagnóstico e abordagem da DPOC.

Rev Port Pneumol 2010; XVI (2): 237-252

Palavras-chave:
Doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica
tabagismo
cuidados primários
Abstract

Introduction: Smoking is the main risk factor for COPD, and it is estimated that 15-20% of smokers will develop the pathology. Characterising this risk population is an important step in improved diagnosis of COPD, an increasing primary care challenge.

Aims: To determine the percentage of smokers identified in patients aged 45-65 years old in a health centre, and their characterisation; to determine possible relationships between respiratory symptoms and abnormal obstruction of the small airways and the other variables studied.

Material and methods: Observational, analytical, cross-sectional study carried out in a Portuguese health centre. Population: smokers aged 45-65 years old who filled in a questionnaire and underwent spirometry. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS v.13.0 (level of significance 0.05).

Results: The sample was composed of 157 participants (31% ♀ and 69% ♂); average age 53.85years; average age at start of smoking 16.64years; average tobacco consumption 37.78 pack-years. Respiratory symptoms were present in 68.8% of the individuals, and were more frequent in men, those who started smoking earlier and those with higher tobacco consumption (p<0.05). Thirty percent had abnormal obstruction of the small airways, with this more frequent in older smokers and those with heavier tobacco consumption (p<0.05).

Discussion and conclusions: The underdiagnosis of smoking raises awareness of the importance of identifying this risk population and the need to implement preventative measures. These, in tandem with a better characterisation of this population, may contribute to the improved diagnosis and management of COPD.

Rev Port Pneumol 2010; XVI (2): 237-252

Key-words:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
smoking
primary care
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Obesity and the lung: obesity and COPD.
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Copyright © 2010. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP
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