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RESUMO
A pneumonia associada ao ventilador é uma doença que apresenta elevada morbilidade e mortalidade. Por isso é importante um diagnóstico correcto, de modo a orientar a antibioterapia da forma mais adequada. No entanto, o seu diagnóstico é difícil, pois o quadro clínico e radiológico são inespecíficos, e critérios de diagnóstico estandardizados, que permitem a sua confirmação, são muito invasivos ou pouco frequentes. O desenvolvimento de técnicas de colheita com protecção das amostras e de culturas quantitativas tem tentado contornar o problema da contaminação das amostras obtidas por métodos de rotina e permitir a distinção entre colonização e infecção. A autora faz uma revisão sobre os diferentes métodos de diagnóstico desta entidade clínica.
REV PORT PNEUMOL 2003; IX (6): 503-514
Palavras-chave:
Pneumonia
ventilação mecânica
diagnóstico
ABSTRACT
Ventilator associated pneumonia is associated with high morbidity and mortality. It is important a correct diagnosis in way to guide the antibiotic therapy in the most appropriate way. However, its diagnosis is difficult, because clinical and radiologic features are not specific and approaches to standard diagnosis, that allow its confirmation, are very invasive or not very frequent. Protected techniques and quantitative cultures have been trying to outline the problem of the contamination of the samples obtained by routine methods and to allow the distinction between colonization and infection. The author makes a revision on the different methods of diagnosis of this clinical entity.
REV PORT PNEUMOL 2003; IX (6): 503-514
Key-words:
Pneumonia
mechanical ventilation
diagnosis
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