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Vol. 11. Issue 2.
Pages 111-133 (March - April 2005)
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Vol. 11. Issue 2.
Pages 111-133 (March - April 2005)
Artigo Original/Original Article
Open Access
Doseamento das granzimas A e B na sarcoidose pulmonar (estudo experimental)
Granzymes A and B in pulmonary sarcoidosis (experimental study)
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Marília Dourado1, Joana Bento2, Luís Mesquita3, Alcide Marques4, Sofia Vale-Pereira5, Ana Bela Sarmento Ribeiro6, Anabela Mota Pinto7
1 Professora Auxilar de Fisiopatologia/Patologia Geral da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra
2 Aluna da Licenciatura em Medicina, na Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra
3 Técnico Superior de 1ª Classe, Centro de Pneumologia do Hospital da Universidade de Coimbra
4 Assistente Hospitalar Graduada de Pneumologia, Centro de Pneumologia do Hospital da Universidade de Coimbra
5 Técnica Superior de 2ª Classe, Centro de Pneumologia do Hospital da Universidade de Coimbra
6 Professora Auxilar de Biologia Molecular/Bioquímica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra
7 Professora Associada de Fisiopatologia/Patologia Geral da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra.
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Resumo

A sarcoidose é uma doença granulomatosa crónica de etiologia desconhecida. Atinge todos os órgãos e sistemas, particularmente o pulmão. O doseamento sérico da enzima de conversão da angiotensina (SACE) e da lisozima são exames complementares que contribuem para o seu diagnóstico e monitorização laboratorial. É desejável que outros marcadores possam optimizar a informação obtida com estes parâmetros. As granzimas A e B, produzidas por diversas células, poderão modular o turnover dos granulomas sarcoidóticos, tornando-se úteis como marcadores da doença.

Objectivos: Dosear as granzimas A e B e avaliar o seu interesse como marcadores laboratoriais de sarcoidose. Paralelamente, dosear a SACE e a lisozima, marcadores reconhecidos da doença.

Material e métodos: Indivíduos de ambos os sexos: Controlo normal (CN), n=30; controlo-doente (CD), n=21 (patologia pulmonar não granulomatosa); grupo-doente (D), n=11 (doentes com sarcoidose pulmonar).

Recolheram-se amostras de sangue periférico para obter soro que se separou por tubos identificados e guardados a –30ºC.

Doseou-se a SACE por espectrofotometria e a lisozima por turbidimetria; as granzimas A e B por ELISA.

Resultados: A actividade de SACE está significa-tivamente aumentada em D, comparativamente com CN e CD. A actividade da lisozima está significati-vamante aumentada nos grupos D e CD comparativamente com CN. A granzima B está significati-vamente diminuída nos grupos CD e D relativamente ao CN; a granzima A demonstrou diminuição significativa em D comparativamente com CN. Sugere-se que a diminuição das granzimas, na sarcoidose, poderá relacionar-se com resposta imunoin-flamatória local ineficaz relacionada com a formação do granuloma. Há necessidade de alargar o estudo também ao LLBA.

Rev Port Pneumol 2005; XI (2): 111-133

Palavras-chave:
Sarcoidose
diagnóstico laboratorial
granzima A
granzima B
Abstract

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease of unknown aetiology, morphologically characterized by well-formed epithelioid granulomas, which show little or no cen-tral necrosis. These may be present in any organ or tissue. The lung is the most frequently and promi-nently involved target.

The granuloma is often very sharply demarcated from the adjacent tissue and is surrounded by a mantle of lymphocytes, which mediate lysis of target cells by various mechanisms, including exocytosis of lytic proteins, perforins and granzymes.

Sarcoidosis laboratorial diagnosis is usually made by SACE and Lisozyme dosages. The granzymes A and B could be two other markers of the disease, since the sarcoidosis granuloma is rich in cytotoxic and NK cells.

An ELISA Kit was used to measure Granzyme A and B in serum of a normal control group (NC) (n=30), and in two groups with lung pathology: one without sarcoidosis, disease control (DC) (n=21) and other with sarcoidosis (S) (n=11).

Our results showed that SACE activity is significantly augmented in S group comparing with NC and DC, respectively: 82,6±32,7/31,9±17,8 - p=0,00017 and 82,6±32,7/31,9±17,8 - p=0,00024. Lisozyme activity is significantly augmented in S and DC groups comparing with NC. Granzyme B showed a significant decrease in DC and S groups comparing with NC. Granzyme A showed a significant decrease between S/NC groups.

Our results suggest that the decrease of Granzyme A and B in sarcoidotic patients could be related to an ineffective inflammatory local response related to the formation of sarcoidosis granulomas. More studies are needed, particularly in BAL.

Rev Port Pneumol 2005; XI (2): 111-133

Key words:
Sarcoidosis
laboratorial diagnosis
granzyme A
granzyme B
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