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Vol. 16. Issue 3.
Pages 507-512 (May - June 2010)
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Vol. 16. Issue 3.
Pages 507-512 (May - June 2010)
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Enfarte da gordura epipericárdica – A propósito de um caso clínico
Epipericardial fat necrosis – Case report
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I. Peres Claro1,6, V. Magalhães2,6, I. Correia2,6, P. Campos3,6, R. Sotto-Mayor4,6, A. Bugalho de Almeida5,6
1 Interna do Complementar de Pneumologia, Serviço de Pneumologia 1
2 Assistente Graduado de Pneumologia, Serviço de Pneumologia 1
3 Assistente Graduado de Imagiologia, Serviço de Imagiologia
4 Chefe de Serviço, Serviço de Pneumologia 1
5 Director de Serviço, Serviço de Pneumologia 1
6 Serviço de Pneumologia I, Hospital de Santa Maria (HSM), Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte (CHLN), Lisboa
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Resumo

O enfarte da gordura cardiofrénica é uma condição benigna rara, de etiologia desconhecida, estando apenas descritos 20 casos na literatura em língua inglesa. Esta patologia deve fazer parte do diagnóstico diferencial duma toracalgia pleurítica associada a uma densidade paracardíaca ou a derrame pleural na telerradiografia do tórax. O diagnóstico final é feito por tomografia computorizada (TC tórax) ou através da cirurgia com exame histológico.

Os autores descrevem um caso de uma doente de 48 anos, internada por quadro de cansaço, tosse seca e de toracalgia no hemitórax esquerdo, com presença de derrame pleural na radiografia de tórax. A TC do tórax revelou um espessamento do pericárdio e densificação da gordura epipericárdica compatível com o diagnóstico de enfarte da gordura cardiofrénica epipericárdica. Houve uma boa evolução clínica, tendo alta medicada com tratamento sintomático.

Face à sua natureza benigna e autolimitada e ao fraco conhecimento desta entidade, o tratamento aconselhado é apenas conservador.

Palavras-chave:
Enfarte da gordura
espaço cardiofrénico
dor pleurítica
Abstract

Epipericardial fat necrosis is an uncommon benign entity of unknown cause, with only 20 cases reported in the English-language literature. It should be remembered as a possible diagnosis in a person who presents with acute pleuritic chest pain and paracardiac density or pleural effusion on chest radiography (X-ray). The computed tomography (CT) or surgical approach allows the final diagnosis and characterization.

The authors describe a case of a 48-year-old woman, admitted to our department because of complaints of fatigue, cough and sudden pleuritic pain on thoracic left side. The chest X-ray showed mild/moderate left pleural effusion and CT scan revealed local slight thickening of pericardium and epipericardial fat, sur-rounded by thick rim of higher density in the left cardiophrenic space. This made the diagnosis of epipericardial fat necrosis. During hospitalization the patient remained stable and was discharged home with symptomatic relieve therapy.

Because of benign, self-limited nature of this entity, only conservative treatment is indicated.

Key-words:
Fat necrosis
cardiophrenic space
pleuritic pain
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