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array:24 [ "pii" => "S0873215911000146" "issn" => "08732159" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rppneu.2011.03.006" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2011-09-01" "aid" => "13" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia" "copyrightAnyo" => "2011" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Port Pneumol. 2011;17:205-10" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 6326 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 269 "HTML" => 4914 "PDF" => 1143 ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:20 [ "pii" => "S0873215911000742" "issn" => "08732159" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rppneu.2011.06.009" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2011-09-01" "aid" => "38" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Port Pneumol. 2011;17:211-5" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 9442 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 244 "HTML" => 7068 "PDF" => 2130 ] ] "pt" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Artigo original</span>" "titulo" => "Anatomia endobrônquica: estudo prospectivo das variações anatómicas da árvore traqueobrônquica" "tienePdf" => "pt" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "pt" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "pt" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "211" "paginaFinal" => "215" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Anatomy for the bronchologist: a prospective study of the normal endobronchial anatomic variants" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "pt" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "pt" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "pt" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figura 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 3236 "Ancho" => 2854 "Tamanyo" => 336425 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "pt" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Representação fotográfica de algumas variações anatómicas observadas.</p> <p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A) Variantes observadas no brônquio lobar superior direito (A1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>b3 emergindo directamente de C; A2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bifurcação b1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>+<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2; b3; A3 - Bifurcação b2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>+<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3; b1; A4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bifurcação b1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>+<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3; b2). B) Variantes observadas no brônquio lobar inferior direito (B1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>brônquio sub-superior; B2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>brônquio supranumerário emergindo da parede posterior da pirâmide basal; B3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>b7 ausente). C) Variantes observadas no brônquio lobar superior esquerdo (C1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>padrão trifurcado de ramificação do brônquio lobar superior esquerdo (b1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>+<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>b2; b3; b4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>+<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>b5 com aberturas independentes e ao mesmo nível; C2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>padrão trifurcado da divisão superior do brônquio lobar superior esquerdo b1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>+<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>b2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>+<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>b3). D) Variantes observadas no brônquio lobar inferior esquerdo (b7 Individualizado).</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "L. Vaz Rodrigues, Y. Martins, C. Guimarães, M. de Santis, A. Marques, F. Barata" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Vaz Rodrigues" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Y." "apellidos" => "Martins" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Guimarães" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "de Santis" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Marques" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F." "apellidos" => "Barata" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "pt" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2173511511000224" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rppnen.2011.06.004" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173511511000224?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0873215911000742?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/08732159/0000001700000005/v2_201509041523/S0873215911000742/v2_201509041523/pt/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:20 [ "pii" => "S0873215911000420" "issn" => "08732159" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rppneu.2011.05.001" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2011-09-01" "aid" => "22" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Port Pneumol. 2011;17:199-204" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 14773 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 238 "HTML" => 13366 "PDF" => 1169 ] ] "en" => array:12 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original article</span>" "titulo" => "Pulmonary function tests and respiratory symptoms among smokers in the city of mashhad (north east of Iran)" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "199" "paginaFinal" => "204" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1201 "Ancho" => 1625 "Tamanyo" => 106386 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Comparison of pulmonary function tests (Mean<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SD) between smokers (lighter filled bars) and non-smokers (darker filled bars), (for smokers and non smokers n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>176 and 150 respectively). FVC: forced vital capacity, FEV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span>: forced expiratory volume in one second, MMEF: maximal mid expiratory flow, PEF: peak expiratory flow, MEF<span class="elsevierStyleInf">75</span>, MEF<span class="elsevierStyleInf">50</span>, and MEF<span class="elsevierStyleInf">25</span>: maximal expiratory flow at 75%, 50%, and 25% of the FVC, respectively. ***: p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001. The data of PFT values between smokers and control group were compared using unpaired t test.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "M.H. Boskabady, M. Mahmoodinia, M. Boskabady, G.R. Heydari" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.H." "apellidos" => "Boskabady" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Mahmoodinia" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Boskabady" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "G.R." "apellidos" => "Heydari" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2173511511000352" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rppnen.2011.09.001" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173511511000352?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0873215911000420?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/08732159/0000001700000005/v2_201509041523/S0873215911000420/v2_201509041523/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:18 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original</span>" "titulo" => "Dyslipidemia as a long-term marker for survival in pulmonary embolism" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "205" "paginaFinal" => "210" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "L. Jara-Palomares, R. Otero-Candelera, T. Elias-Hernandez, A. Cayuela-Dominguez, M. Ferrer-Galvan, M.J. Alfaro, E. Montero, E. Barrot-Cortes" "autores" => array:8 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Jara-Palomares" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "luisoneumo@hotmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Otero-Candelera" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "T." "apellidos" => "Elias-Hernandez" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Cayuela-Dominguez" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Ferrer-Galvan" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "M.J." "apellidos" => "Alfaro" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Montero" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Barrot-Cortes" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Medical-Surgical Unit of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Research Unit, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Emergency Unit, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Autor para correspondencia." ] ] ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1521 "Ancho" => 1431 "Tamanyo" => 73528 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cumulative survival in patients with and without dyslipidemia.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) is a complex condition with a multifactor aetiology in which both the clinical history of the patient and the genetic and environmental factors play a role.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Survival rate after VTE is worse than expected and it is even worse after pulmonary embolism (PE) than after deep venous thrombosis (DVT) alone<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>. Mortality during follow-up of patients with VTE has been the topic of several research studies and it ranges from 12.5%<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> to 37%<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>. VTE recurrence is so often that, about 30% of patients, present recurrences in the following 10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>years<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patients with VTE show several variables associated to a decreased survival rate. From a clinical point of view, it is interesting to which those aspects can be treated.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patients with non treated dyslipidemia have a global mortality rate a year of 9.7%<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>. As shown by several double-blind placebo-controlled studies, the use of statins to reduce cholesterol levels significantly decrease cardiovascular risk<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>. Lower levels of cholesterol achieved by the administration of statins may reduce the incidence of ictus in high risk populations and in patients with ictus or transient ischemic attack<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a>.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although we have found some studies which associate dyslipidemia with a higher risk of VTE<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8–12</span></a>, none of these works has documented the prognostic role dyslipidemia may play in this type of patients.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In this paper, we present a long-term study of a series of consecutive patients diagnosed with PE aiming to analyse the main complications of such condition and their distribution in time and to establish the factors associated with a lower survival rate.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and methods</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Study design</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Prospective cohort study with a follow-up period of two years.</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Patients</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We analysed a cohort of consecutive patients diagnosed with PE from February 2003 through September 2004 at the University Hospital Virgen del Rocío in Seville.</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We considered as diagnostic criteria for PE: 1) high probability ventilation/perfusion lung scan, 2) intermediate or low probability ventilation/perfusion lung scan with signs suggestive of arterial thrombosis as revealed by pulmonary angiography with or without signs of venous thrombosis in lower limbs through ultrasound scan or venography. 3) Intraluminal filling defect observed in pulmonary angiography or consecutive sections of the vessels or more than 2.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm in diameter as revealed by pulmonary angiography. 4) Intraluminal filling defect in segmentary branches or in more proximal branches as observed in helical CT scan.</p><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Data collection strategy during the initial PE episode</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patients were enrolled in the study through periodical visits to the Emergency Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Pneumology, Nuclear Medicine and Radiology Units. A series of variables were noted down in a form designed for the purpose and were subsequently converted into computer format. Periodical visit were made to the units where the patients were admitted in order to confirm the correct completion of the form. We also revised in the Computer System for the Management of Clinical and Analytical Documentation (SIDCA) (Sistema Informático de Documentación Clínica y Analítica) the list of patients with the EP code (CIE9) throughout the study period. This work has been approved for Ethical Committee in our hospital.</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The variables collected during the acute episode were divided into: epidemiological data (gender and age), risk factors (family history of VTE, hormone therapy, previous trauma, previous surgery, previous neoplasm (except for non-melanoma skin cancer), baseline disease (previous history of VTE, arterial hypertension, congestive heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, respiratory insufficiency, chronic airway obstruction, acute cerebrovascular accident, dementia, dyslipidemia and varicose syndrome) and prognostic and clinical characteristics (shock rate, partial oxygen pressure, heart rate, systolic arterial tension, creatinine). Dyslipidemia was defined as: hypertriglyceremia > 150<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dL (1.69 mmol/L) or HDL cholesterol (high-density lipoprotein) < 40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dL, (1.04 mmol/L) in males and < 50<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dL (1.29 mmol/L) in females. Congestive heart insufficiency was defined taking into account the NYHA functional class I-IV classification. Dementia was defined according to DSM-IV criteria (memory impairment and at least one of the following cognitive alterations: aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, alteration of cognitive functions. Also, these factors must be intense enough to interfere with the occupational or social activities of the patients. The alterations indicate a deterioration of such functions in comparison to the previous situation of the patient. These symptoms are not exclusive of an embarrassment state.</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Follow up of patients:</span> In order to analyse survival rates and long term complications we followed up all patients who did not die during admission.</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All patients were followed up in a monographic visit of thromboembolic disease at months 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24. We noted down the date and cause of death of all the patients who died during the follow-up period.</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Strategy to capture losses was divided into:</span> 1) telephone contact with the patients who did not attend the follow-up visits, 2) Computer System for the Management of Clinical and Analytical Documentation (SIDCA) of the University Hospital Virgen del Rocío to identify episodes requiring admission or referral to other units, 3) Review of clinical histories.</p></span></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the statistical analysis of the results obtained we indicate both absolute and relative frequency for qualitative variables, and mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables. In case of asymmetrical distribution of the variables, we analysed median values and interquartile range. We compared the groups (deceased and non deceased) using the chi-square test (qualitative variables) considering a p value < 0.05 as statistically significant. The comparison of time free from episodes has been performed by means of the Kaplan-Meier test together with the log rank test and multivariate analysis in order to control possible confusing variables, according to the Cox regression model.</p></span></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The sample obtained in our cohort was 148 patients. Half of the patients (n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>74) were male. Mean age of patients was 64.2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>17.2 yrs. During the two-year follow-up period 34 patients died (23%). The causes of death were: cancer (n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>20), acute coronary syndrome (n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6), sudden death with dyspnoea (n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4), major bleeding in the digestive tract (n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1), non hemorrhagic acute cerebrovascular stroke (n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1) and unknown causes (n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2). Accumulated mortality rate reached 19.2% after one year and 29.6% after two years.</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patients (272 patients/year) were followed up for a period of 24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>23.8 (median<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>range). 73.6% of the sample (23% dead and 3.4% lost) was followed up for 24 months.</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Table <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">(table 1)</a> shows those variables whose possible association with less survival rate at two years has been analysed. Independent variables associated to less survival rate were: creatinine levels > 2 (OR, 8.8; 95% CI, 1.1 – 70.87), previous neoplasm (OR, 8.8; 95% CI, 3.69 – 20.98), dementia (OR, 6.85; 95% CI, 2.1 – 22.33) and dyslipidemia (OR, 5.07; 95% CI, 1.92 – 13.44).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The 44.45% of patients with dyslipidemia died vs. 20.8% of patients who did not show such condition (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>). No significant differences were observed in relation to mean age (63.8 vs. 68.7) or gender between patients with and without dyslipidemia.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Discussion</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">One of the most relevant data obtained in the present study, and which contributes to its seriousness and external accuracy, is the appropriate two-year follow-up of 97% of the sample made up only of patients with PE who were consecutively and prospectively enrolled in the study.</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The sample of patients was homogeneous and its distribution between genders was similar to that observed in other studies<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13,14</span></a>. Patient age was similar to that reported by different series in the United States<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a>, Spain<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> and other European studies<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15–17</span></a>.</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Reported survival rate after VTE varies widely<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17,18</span></a>. Such variability is probably the result of the shortcomings observed in study design: patients with negative clinical evolution<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19–21</span></a>, patients diagnosed in residences<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15–22</span></a>, age > 65<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>years<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15,22</span></a>, patients admitted to tertiary level hospitals<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23,24</span></a> or patients from clinical trials<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25,26</span></a>. As a result, an accurate estimate of global survival rate associated to VTE cannot be obtained. Anyway mortality observed in our study is similar to other series<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2,3</span></a>.</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The factors associated to a lower survival rate mentioned in our study had already been analysed in previous studies, as in the case of neoplasm, dementia and renal insufficiency<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27–29</span></a>. Dementia is considered a negative prognostic factor in new prognostic scales<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29,30</span></a>, but at present dyslipidemia is not included in any scale.</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">High serum cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels, and low HDL cholesterol levels are considered risk factors for atherothrombosis<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a>. Despite their potent effect on atherogenesis, lipids and lipoproteins could affect haemostasis by modulating the procoagulant and fibrinolytic expression and function<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a>. Doggen et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> have shown that elevated triglycerides levels pose a higher risk (twofold) for venous thrombosis. A case-control study<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> also reported the fact that hypercholesterolemia is associated with a higher risk of DVT. As regards hypertriglyceridemia, results are controversial: some studies associate it with venous thrombosis<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9–12</span></a>, but others do not report such interplay<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a>. It is important to carry out the measurements prior to the onset of therapy, because it is known that lipid levels diminish in the event of an acute vascular episode<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a>. Finally, Tsai et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a>, in their analysis of cardiovascular risk factors and incidence of a first episode of VTE, concluded that some arterial risk factors, including dyslipidemia, were not associated with VTE.</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All the above mentioned studies establish the association of dyslipidemia with a first episode of VTE, but we report the association of dyslipidemia, as an independent risk factor, with lower long-term survival rate in patients with PE.</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The interplay between dylipidemia and PE in this sense has not been thoroughly analysed yet. In our series, long-term mortality rate due to vascular reasons in patients with dyslipidemia who have suffered PE is sevenfold greater than mortality in untreated dyslipidemic patients<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>. Moreover, the mortality rate observed in our patients with PE is more than twofold greater in patients with dylipidemia than in those without this condition. We do not know for sure whether the fact of having suffered an episode of PE boosts the effect of dyslipidemia as a prognostic factor for lower survival. Nor do we know whether patients with dyslipidemia who suffer PE are those with a more advanced or difficult to manage metabolic disease. Other questions we should answer would be: which parameters defined as dyslipidemia are considered more determinant and whether the prognosis of these patients may improve with statin therapy. This last question would have significant practical implications as we already know that statin therapy in dyslipidemic patients reduces mortality in 12.37% a year, disregard of the cause of death<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>.This work has several limitations. Firstly, the sample of patients included in our study is not large but the results get at hypothetical new factor related to a poor survival. Further studies with larger samples and primarily focused on this issue could answer many of the above mentioned questions. Secondly, other data not available and would be interesting to contrast with the results obtained are quantitative results of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, duplication of tests and if the analytical was fasting or not, and whether the patient was taking statins. Individuals treated with lipid-lowering drugs should be excluded or taking into account, because treatment could affect lipid levels. Several studies, including ours, did not make such exclusion<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10,35</span></a>. These data were not considered when designing the study. The development of prospective studies should collect these data.</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We think that this finding also becomes more important due mainly to two recently published papers. Khemasuwan et al. suggest that the use of statins is associated with a significant reduction in the occurrence of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a>. Glynn et al. in a randomized trial of apparently healthy persons found that rosuvastatin significantly reduced the occurrence of symptomatic venous thromboembolism<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a>. These previous results in addition to our work open a field of research on whether this type of Venous Thromboembolism patients may benefit from treatment with statins.</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusion</span><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We could summarize that in our study, patients with dyslipidemia who suffered PE showed worse survival rate. The role dyslipidemia may have as a vascular risk factor especially in patients with PE and the possibility to improve survival rates warrants further investigation.</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conflict of interests</span><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Authors declare that they don’t have any conflict of interests.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:11 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xres547903" "titulo" => array:5 [ 0 => "Abstract" 1 => "Objectives" 2 => "Methods" 3 => "Results" 4 => "Conclusions" ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec565772" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xres547902" "titulo" => array:5 [ 0 => "Resumo" 1 => "Objetivos" 2 => "Métodos" 3 => "Resultados" 4 => "Conclusões" ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec565771" "titulo" => "Palavras-chave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Material and methods" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Study design" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Patients" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Methods" "secciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Data collection strategy during the initial PE episode" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Statistical analysis" ] ] ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Results" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] 9 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0055" "titulo" => "Conflict of interests" ] 10 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2010-12-16" "fechaAceptado" => "2011-03-10" "PalabrasClave" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec565772" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Dyslipidemia" 1 => "Lipid metabolic disorders" 2 => "Pulmonary embolism" 3 => "Survival analysis" 4 => "Venous thromboembolism" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To analyse survival rate after 24 months in consecutive patients with a diagnosis of PE as well as associated factors.</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Prospective cohort study during a follow-up period of two years in a series of consecutive patients with PE.</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">During the follow-up period, 34 out of 148 patients died (23%). Factors independently associated with reduced survival rate were: creatinine levels > 2 (OR, 8.8; 95% CI, 1.1 - 70.87), previous neoplasm (OR, 8.8; 95% CI, 3.69 - 20.98), dementia (OR, 6.85; 95% CI, 2.1 - 22.33) and dyslipidemia (OR, 5.07; 95% CI, 1.92 - 13.44). Forty four percent of the patients with dyslipidemia died vs. 20.8% of patients without this condition.</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In our study dyslipidemia shows as a long-term negative prognostic marker for survival in patients with EP.</p></span>" ] "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumo" "resumen" => "<span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Analisar a taxa de sobrevivência após 24 meses, em pacientes consecutivos com diagnóstico de PE, bem como fatores associados.</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Métodos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudo prospectivo durante um período de seguimento de dois anos em uma série consecutiva de pacientes com PE.</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Durante o período de acompanhamento, 34 dos 148 pacientes morreram (23%). Fatores independentemente associados à reduzida taxa de sobrevivência foram: os níveis de creatinina> 2 (OR, 8,8; 95% CI, 1,1-70,87), neoplasia anterior (OR, 8,8; IC 95%, 3,69-20,98), demência (OR, 6,85; 95% CI, 2,1-22,33) e dislipidemia (OR, 5,07; IC 95%, 1,92-13,44). Quarenta e quatro por cento dos pacientes com dislipidemia morreram contra 20,8% dos pacientes sem essa condição.</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusões</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">No nosso estudo, a dislipidemia mostra-se um marcador prognóstico negativo de longo prazo na sobrevida de pacientes com EP.</p></span>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1521 "Ancho" => 1431 "Tamanyo" => 73528 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cumulative survival in patients with and without dyslipidemia.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:3 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">CI: Confidence interval; VTE: Venous thromboembolic disease; CHF: Congestive heart failure; ACS: Acute coronary syndrome; ACVA: Acute cerebrovascular accident; pO2: Partial oxygen pressure; HR: Heart rate; p: p < 0.05 is considered as statistically significant.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Variable \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Survive \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Die \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Relative Risk \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">CI 95% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Demographic characteristics</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Males</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">55 (74.3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19 (25.7%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.30 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.66-2.57 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.44 (NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Age >70 yrs</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">52 (78.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14 (21.2%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.85 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.43-1.69 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.65 (NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Risk factors</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hormonal therapy \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16 (72.7%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6 (27.3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.50-2.90 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.68 (NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Trauma \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">13 (92.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (7.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.52 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.03-1.84 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.17 (NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Surgery \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">31 (83.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6 (16.2%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.61 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.25-1.48 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.27 (NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Previous neoplasm \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14 (45.2%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17 (54.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.07 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.58-9.96 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.000<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Baseline disease</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Previous history of VTE</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19 (86.4%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 (13.6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.54 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.17-1.77 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.31 (NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hypertension</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">49 (73.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18 (26.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.38 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.70-2.70 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.35 (NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CHF</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19 (73.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (26.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.51-2.67 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.72 (NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ACS</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 (58.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (41.2%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.94-4.97 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.07 (NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chronic air-flow obstruction</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">13 (65%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (35%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.74 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.76-4.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.19(NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Asthma</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 (90.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (9.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.36 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.05-2.62 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.31 (NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ACVA</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">15 (75%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (25%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.43-2.85 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.84 (NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dementia</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 (50%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 (50%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3.15 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.11-8.97 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.03<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dislypidemia</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 (55.6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8 (44.4%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2.64 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.19-5.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.02<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Varicose syndrome</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23 (88.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 (11.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.42 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.13-1.38 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.15 (NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Prognostic and evolutive characteristics</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Shock rate ≥1</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21 (72.4%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.29 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.58-2.85 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.53 (NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">pO2 < 60 mmHg</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">25 (73.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 (26.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.01 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.50-2.43 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.82 (NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">HR > 90 spm</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">74 (77.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21 (22.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.87 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.44-1.74 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.70 (NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Systolic arterial pressure <100 mmHg</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17 (77.3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (22.7%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.39-2.57 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.99 (NS) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Creatinine >2 mg/dL</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (33.3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 (66.7%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.59 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.57-27.70 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.01<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ 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Year/Month | Html | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
2024 November | 9 | 9 | 18 |
2024 October | 37 | 51 | 88 |
2024 September | 47 | 38 | 85 |
2024 August | 63 | 34 | 97 |
2024 July | 52 | 31 | 83 |
2024 June | 50 | 40 | 90 |
2024 May | 45 | 47 | 92 |
2024 April | 39 | 47 | 86 |
2024 March | 34 | 32 | 66 |
2024 February | 37 | 27 | 64 |
2024 January | 29 | 28 | 57 |
2023 December | 22 | 25 | 47 |
2023 November | 28 | 30 | 58 |
2023 October | 26 | 39 | 65 |
2023 September | 28 | 32 | 60 |
2023 August | 20 | 18 | 38 |
2023 July | 17 | 28 | 45 |
2023 June | 20 | 19 | 39 |
2023 May | 45 | 25 | 70 |
2023 April | 36 | 15 | 51 |
2023 March | 82 | 21 | 103 |
2023 February | 41 | 23 | 64 |
2023 January | 17 | 16 | 33 |
2022 December | 33 | 21 | 54 |
2022 November | 70 | 40 | 110 |
2022 October | 50 | 28 | 78 |
2022 September | 21 | 34 | 55 |
2022 August | 46 | 34 | 80 |
2022 July | 41 | 40 | 81 |
2022 June | 26 | 27 | 53 |
2022 May | 41 | 39 | 80 |
2022 April | 35 | 28 | 63 |
2022 March | 33 | 33 | 66 |
2022 February | 48 | 31 | 79 |
2022 January | 26 | 35 | 61 |
2021 December | 31 | 43 | 74 |
2021 November | 29 | 27 | 56 |
2021 October | 29 | 38 | 67 |
2021 September | 16 | 26 | 42 |
2021 August | 17 | 16 | 33 |
2021 July | 20 | 17 | 37 |
2021 June | 20 | 26 | 46 |
2021 May | 26 | 31 | 57 |
2021 April | 93 | 72 | 165 |
2021 March | 23 | 18 | 41 |
2021 February | 41 | 13 | 54 |
2021 January | 22 | 16 | 38 |
2020 December | 28 | 11 | 39 |
2020 November | 40 | 19 | 59 |
2020 October | 23 | 14 | 37 |
2020 September | 47 | 25 | 72 |
2020 August | 40 | 25 | 65 |
2020 July | 53 | 28 | 81 |
2020 June | 73 | 12 | 85 |
2020 May | 51 | 19 | 70 |
2020 April | 48 | 8 | 56 |
2020 March | 46 | 7 | 53 |
2020 February | 52 | 14 | 66 |
2020 January | 71 | 21 | 92 |
2019 December | 62 | 20 | 82 |
2019 November | 76 | 14 | 90 |
2019 October | 74 | 15 | 89 |
2019 September | 47 | 19 | 66 |
2019 August | 113 | 19 | 132 |
2019 July | 112 | 11 | 123 |
2019 June | 109 | 15 | 124 |
2019 May | 114 | 15 | 129 |
2019 April | 109 | 16 | 125 |
2019 March | 148 | 14 | 162 |
2019 February | 130 | 18 | 148 |
2019 January | 157 | 19 | 176 |
2018 December | 71 | 10 | 81 |
2018 November | 17 | 1 | 18 |
2018 October | 26 | 6 | 32 |
2018 September | 19 | 5 | 24 |
2018 August | 31 | 26 | 57 |
2018 July | 31 | 21 | 52 |
2018 June | 34 | 15 | 49 |
2018 May | 39 | 25 | 64 |
2018 April | 59 | 13 | 72 |
2018 March | 63 | 32 | 95 |
2018 February | 14 | 9 | 23 |
2018 January | 23 | 15 | 38 |
2017 December | 38 | 14 | 52 |
2017 November | 35 | 14 | 49 |
2017 October | 43 | 17 | 60 |
2017 September | 36 | 16 | 52 |
2017 August | 39 | 16 | 55 |
2017 July | 25 | 13 | 38 |
2017 June | 27 | 12 | 39 |
2017 May | 44 | 24 | 68 |
2017 April | 23 | 29 | 52 |
2017 March | 25 | 37 | 62 |
2017 February | 9 | 5 | 14 |
2017 January | 13 | 5 | 18 |
2016 December | 30 | 11 | 41 |
2016 November | 22 | 5 | 27 |
2016 October | 15 | 14 | 29 |
2016 September | 16 | 3 | 19 |
2016 August | 11 | 6 | 17 |
2016 July | 6 | 9 | 15 |
2016 June | 0 | 9 | 9 |
2016 May | 0 | 16 | 16 |
2016 April | 14 | 2 | 16 |
2016 March | 52 | 9 | 61 |
2016 February | 70 | 16 | 86 |
2016 January | 43 | 11 | 54 |
2015 December | 49 | 7 | 56 |
2015 November | 41 | 5 | 46 |
2015 October | 42 | 8 | 50 |
2015 September | 45 | 11 | 56 |
2015 August | 41 | 10 | 51 |
2015 July | 48 | 9 | 57 |
2015 June | 28 | 5 | 33 |
2015 May | 59 | 7 | 66 |
2015 April | 41 | 2 | 43 |
2015 March | 67 | 8 | 75 |
2015 February | 45 | 4 | 49 |
2015 January | 52 | 9 | 61 |
2014 December | 60 | 21 | 81 |
2014 November | 79 | 8 | 87 |
2014 October | 126 | 7 | 133 |
2014 September | 88 | 13 | 101 |
2014 August | 57 | 4 | 61 |
2014 July | 60 | 10 | 70 |
2014 June | 48 | 5 | 53 |
2014 May | 74 | 13 | 87 |
2014 April | 75 | 8 | 83 |
2014 March | 80 | 16 | 96 |
2014 February | 67 | 9 | 76 |
2014 January | 71 | 11 | 82 |
2013 December | 70 | 6 | 76 |
2013 November | 56 | 13 | 69 |
2013 October | 68 | 12 | 80 |
2013 September | 57 | 14 | 71 |
2013 August | 67 | 13 | 80 |
2013 July | 77 | 19 | 96 |
2013 June | 54 | 13 | 67 |
2013 May | 68 | 8 | 76 |
2013 April | 52 | 29 | 81 |
2013 March | 39 | 13 | 52 |
2013 February | 48 | 18 | 66 |
2013 January | 47 | 19 | 66 |
2012 December | 29 | 12 | 41 |
2012 November | 47 | 13 | 60 |
2012 October | 9 | 13 | 22 |
2012 September | 13 | 3 | 16 |
2012 January | 256 | 0 | 256 |