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Habitualmente&#44; as les&#245;es s&#227;o assintom&#225;ticas mas podem estar associadas a queixas de prurido e ardor&#46; Esta entidade &#233; mais frequente no sexo feminino<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;8&#8211;10</span></a>&#44; especialmente nos grupos et&#225;rios mais jovens &#40;idade de in&#237;cio entre 9-42 anos&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#44;12</span></a>&#46; Apesar de&#44; inicialmente ter sido proposto um padr&#227;o de transmiss&#227;o autoss&#243;mico recessivo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#44; casos recentes sugerem uma transmiss&#227;o autoss&#243;mica dominante<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a>&#46; Tipicamente&#44; o exame histol&#243;gico da biopsia das les&#245;es cut&#226;neas &#40;ap&#243;s exposi&#231;&#227;o &#224; &#225;gua&#41; demonstra hiperqueratose&#44; ortoqueratose&#44; dilata&#231;&#227;o do acrossir&#237;ngeo e dos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ostia</span> das gl&#226;ndulas &#233;crinas&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Diversas associa&#231;&#245;es foram descritas nos &#250;ltimos anos&#44; nomeadamente atopia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a>&#44; terap&#234;utica com inibidores da COX-2<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14&#44;15</span></a>&#44; marasmo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a>&#44; hiper-hidrose palmar<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a>&#44; fen&#243;meno de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Raynaud</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a>&#44; melanoma maligno<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#44; doen&#231;a de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Beh&#231;et</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> e psor&#237;ase ungueal<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&#46; No entanto&#44; os estudos mais recentes salientam a poss&#237;vel rela&#231;&#227;o entre a acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica e a fibrose qu&#237;stica&#46; Estima-se que mais de metade dos doentes com acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica &#40;56&#44;7&#37;&#41; tem fibrose qu&#237;stica diagnosticada<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a>&#46; Apesar de a acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica ser mais prevalente nos doentes com fibrose qu&#237;stica&#44; Gild et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> descreveram o primeiro caso associado a uma muta&#231;&#227;o isolada no gene CFTR&#44; sugerindo assim que a acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica pudesse ser um sinal do estado de portador de fibrose qu&#237;stica&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A fisiopatologia da acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica permanece ainda desconhecida&#46; Devido &#224; concentra&#231;&#227;o elevada de cloro no suor dos doentes com fibrose qu&#237;stica&#44; foi sugerida a hip&#243;tese de que este aumento de cloro condicionaria um aumento na capacidade de reten&#231;&#227;o de &#225;gua por parte dos queratin&#243;citos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#44;19</span></a>&#46; No entanto&#44; Berk et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> comprovaram que n&#227;o existe rela&#231;&#227;o entre a concentra&#231;&#227;o de cloro no suor e o grau de enrugamento cut&#226;neo&#46; Outras hip&#243;teses continuam ainda a ser debatidas&#44; nomeadamente a disfun&#231;&#227;o das gl&#226;ndulas &#233;crinas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;21</span></a>&#44; disfun&#231;&#227;o nervosa<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a>&#44; hiperhidrose<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a>&#44; defeitos na fun&#231;&#227;o de barreira do estrato c&#243;rneo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;6</span></a>&#44; oclus&#227;o dos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ostia</span> dos ductos &#233;crinos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> e fragilidade da parede dos ductos &#233;crinos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">De modo semelhante ao que foi descrito nesta doente&#44; a muta&#231;&#227;o F508 &#233; a que mais frequentemente est&#225; associada &#224; acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica nos doentes com fibrose qu&#237;stica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a>&#46; Apesar de esta ser a muta&#231;&#227;o mais frequente do gene CFTR &#40;correspondendo a 70&#37; das muta&#231;&#245;es identificadas nos doentes com fibrose qu&#237;stica do norte da Europa&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;23</span></a>&#44; alguns autores especulam que esta muta&#231;&#227;o em particular possa representar um fator predisponente para a acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;20</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram descritas diversas modalidades terap&#234;uticas&#44; entre as quais cloreto de alum&#237;nio<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;17</span></a>&#44; anti-histam&#237;nicos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>&#44; toxina botul&#237;nica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> e iontoforese<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#44; todas com resultados vari&#225;veis&#46; Est&#227;o ainda descritos casos de remiss&#227;o espont&#226;nea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;3&#44;5&#44;17</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No presente caso cl&#237;nico&#44; a acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica pode representar a &#250;nica manifesta&#231;&#227;o do estado de portadora de fibrose qu&#237;stica desta doente&#46; Este facto salienta a import&#226;ncia de considerar e pesquisar este tipo de altera&#231;&#245;es gen&#233;ticas nestes doentes&#46; De forma semelhante&#44; estas altera&#231;&#245;es cut&#226;neas devem ser investigadas quer nos doentes com fibrose qu&#237;stica quer nos portadores de fibrose qu&#237;stica conhecidos&#44; n&#227;o s&#243; devido &#224; exist&#234;ncia de terap&#234;uticas eficazes mas tamb&#233;m devido ao facto de que novos casos e estudos poder&#227;o ajudar a esclarecer melhor a fisiopatologia de ambas as situa&#231;&#245;es&#46; Os autores acreditam que a acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica &#233; uma entidade subdiagnosticada&#44; que pode ser confundida com o empalidecimento e enrugamento fisiol&#243;gico das palmas&#44; provocado pela vasoconstri&#231;&#227;o normalmente associada &#224; exposi&#231;&#227;o prolongada &#224; &#225;gua<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a>&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Responsabilidades &#233;ticas</span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Prote&#231;&#227;o de pessoas e animais</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram que para esta investiga&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o se realizaram experi&#234;ncias em seres humanos e&#47;ou animais&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Confidencialidade dos dados</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram ter seguido os protocolos de seu centro de trabalho acerca da publica&#231;&#227;o dos dados de pacientes e que todos os pacientes inclu&#237;dos no estudo receberam informa&#231;&#245;es suficientes e deram o seu consentimento informado por escrito para participar nesse estudo&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Direito &#224; privacidade e consentimento escrito</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram ter recebido consentimento escrito dos pacientes e&#47;ou sujeitos mencionados no artigo&#46; O autor para correspond&#234;ncia deve estar na posse deste documento&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conflito de interesses</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Descrita em 1996&#44; a acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica &#233; uma entidade rara&#44; caracterizada pelo aparecimento de p&#225;pulas edematosas palmares ap&#243;s contacto com &#225;gua&#46; M&#250;ltiplas associa&#231;&#245;es foram enumeradas mas&#44; recentemente&#44; a associa&#231;&#227;o a muta&#231;&#245;es do gene da fibrose qu&#237;stica foi demonstrada&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Descreve-se o caso de uma mulher de 18 anos&#44; saud&#225;vel&#44; com prurido e edema palmar ap&#243;s imers&#227;o em &#225;gua&#46; O exame objetivo inicial n&#227;o mostrava altera&#231;&#245;es mas&#44; 5&#160;min ap&#243;s imers&#227;o em &#225;gua&#44; observavam-se m&#250;ltiplas p&#225;pulas esbranqui&#231;adas palmares&#46; O estudo do gene da fibrose qu&#237;stica &#40;CFTR&#41; revelou uma muta&#231;&#227;o F508del num dos alelos&#46; A doente negava outras queixas ou hist&#243;ria familiar relevante&#46;</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica &#233; uma entidade provavelmente subdiagnosticada que poder&#225; constituir uma manifesta&#231;&#227;o de muta&#231;&#245;es do gene CFTR&#44; o que possibilitaria a identifica&#231;&#227;o de portadores e aconselhamento gen&#233;tico&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Reported for the first time in 1996&#44; aquagenic keratoderma is a rare condition which is characterized by edematous flat-topped papules appearing on palmar skin after water immersion&#46; Multiple anecdotal associations have been described but&#44; recently&#44; the association with cystic fibrosis gene mutations &#40;CFTR&#41; has been highlighted&#46;</p><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The authors describe an 18 year-old female&#44; with one-month complaints of pruritus and swelling of palmar skin after water immersion&#46; On examination&#44; palmar skin was unremarkable but&#44; 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>minutes after water immersion&#44; multiple whitish papules became apparent&#46; CFTR genotype study showed a F508del mutation in one alelle&#46; She had no other symptoms and no relevant family history&#46;</p><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Aquagenic keratoderma is probably an under-diagnosed entity that might represent a manifestation of CFTR mutations&#44; making carrier state identification and genetic counseling possible&#46;</p></span>"
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Acroqueratodermia aquagénica associada a uma mutação do gene da fibrose quística
Aquagenic keratoderma associated with a mutation of the cystic fibrosis gene
V. Coelho-Macias
Corresponding author
vmcmacias@gmail.com

Autor para correspondência.
, S. Fernandes, P. Lamarão, F. Assis-Pacheco, J. Cardoso
Serviço de Dermatologia e Venereologia, Hospital de Curry Cabral, Lisboa, Portugal
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raramente atingindo as plantas&#44; ap&#243;s breve imers&#227;o em &#225;gua&#46; At&#233; &#224; data&#44; foram descritos na literatura&#44; menos de 50 casos&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Apesar de m&#250;ltiplas associa&#231;&#245;es terem sido descritas&#44; estudos recentes salientam a rela&#231;&#227;o com as muta&#231;&#245;es no gene da fibrose qu&#237;stica &#40;CFTR&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No presente artigo&#44; os autores descrevem o caso cl&#237;nico de uma doente com acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica associada a uma muta&#231;&#227;o do CFTR&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Caso cl&#237;nico</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Doente do sexo feminino&#44; 18 anos de idade&#44; ra&#231;a caucas&#243;ide&#44; referia queixas de prurido e edema palmar ap&#243;s breve imers&#227;o em &#225;gua&#44; com um m&#234;s de evolu&#231;&#227;o&#46; A imers&#227;o em &#225;gua quente desencadeava os sintomas mais rapidamente e a dermatose regredia espontaneamente 20&#160;min ap&#243;s a secagem das m&#227;os&#46; N&#227;o referia sintomas nas plantas ou outras queixas associadas&#46; A sua hist&#243;ria pessoal e familiar era irrelevante&#46; Ao exame objetivo&#44; inicialmente&#44; n&#227;o se detetavam altera&#231;&#245;es &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a>&#41; no entanto&#44; 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min ap&#243;s imers&#227;o das m&#227;os em &#225;gua&#44; objetivavam-se m&#250;ltiplas p&#225;pulas infracentim&#233;tricas&#44; edematosas&#44; de superf&#237;cie aplanada e esbranqui&#231;ada dispersas nas superf&#237;cies palmares&#46; A dermatoscopia mostrava pele edematosa com <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ostia</span> dilatados &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#46; A biopsia cut&#226;nea de uma p&#225;pula palmar ap&#243;s imers&#227;o em &#225;gua revelava hiperortoqueratose&#44; edema da derme&#44; dilata&#231;&#227;o do acrossir&#237;ngeo e <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ostia</span> &#233;crinos &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">fig&#46; 3</a>&#41;&#46; O estudo do gene CFTR identificou uma muta&#231;&#227;o isolada F508&#46; O teste do cloro no suor n&#227;o foi efetuado&#46; A doente foi medicada com cloreto de alum&#237;nio a 20&#37;&#44; t&#243;pico&#44; com melhoria das les&#245;es e queixas associadas&#46; Tendo em conta o estado de portadora de fibrose qu&#237;stica&#44; a doente e os familiares foram enviados para aconselhamento gen&#233;tico&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Discuss&#227;o</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica &#233; uma entidade rara&#44; caracterizada por p&#225;pulas cor da pele ou esbranqui&#231;adas&#44; edematosas&#44; de superf&#237;cie aplanada e com <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ostia</span> dilatados que se distribuem simetricamente nas palmas e nas faces laterais dos dedos&#46; Raramente as plantas podem ser afetadas&#46; Tipicamente&#44; as les&#245;es cut&#226;neas surgem ap&#243;s breve contacto com &#225;gua quente<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;4</span></a> ou fria<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2&#44;5&#44;6</span></a> e regridem pouco tempo depois da secagem das m&#227;os&#46; Na aus&#234;ncia de contacto com &#225;gua&#44; a pele palmar e&#47;ou plantar destes doentes n&#227;o apresenta altera&#231;&#245;es ou pode verificar-se a presen&#231;a de hiperlinearidade e m&#250;ltiplas p&#225;pulas milim&#233;tricas esbranqui&#231;adas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;7</span></a>&#46; Habitualmente&#44; as les&#245;es s&#227;o assintom&#225;ticas mas podem estar associadas a queixas de prurido e ardor&#46; Esta entidade &#233; mais frequente no sexo feminino<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;8&#8211;10</span></a>&#44; especialmente nos grupos et&#225;rios mais jovens &#40;idade de in&#237;cio entre 9-42 anos&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#44;12</span></a>&#46; Apesar de&#44; inicialmente ter sido proposto um padr&#227;o de transmiss&#227;o autoss&#243;mico recessivo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#44; casos recentes sugerem uma transmiss&#227;o autoss&#243;mica dominante<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a>&#46; Tipicamente&#44; o exame histol&#243;gico da biopsia das les&#245;es cut&#226;neas &#40;ap&#243;s exposi&#231;&#227;o &#224; &#225;gua&#41; demonstra hiperqueratose&#44; ortoqueratose&#44; dilata&#231;&#227;o do acrossir&#237;ngeo e dos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ostia</span> das gl&#226;ndulas &#233;crinas&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Diversas associa&#231;&#245;es foram descritas nos &#250;ltimos anos&#44; nomeadamente atopia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a>&#44; terap&#234;utica com inibidores da COX-2<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14&#44;15</span></a>&#44; marasmo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a>&#44; hiper-hidrose palmar<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a>&#44; fen&#243;meno de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Raynaud</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a>&#44; melanoma maligno<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#44; doen&#231;a de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Beh&#231;et</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> e psor&#237;ase ungueal<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&#46; No entanto&#44; os estudos mais recentes salientam a poss&#237;vel rela&#231;&#227;o entre a acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica e a fibrose qu&#237;stica&#46; Estima-se que mais de metade dos doentes com acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica &#40;56&#44;7&#37;&#41; tem fibrose qu&#237;stica diagnosticada<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a>&#46; Apesar de a acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica ser mais prevalente nos doentes com fibrose qu&#237;stica&#44; Gild et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> descreveram o primeiro caso associado a uma muta&#231;&#227;o isolada no gene CFTR&#44; sugerindo assim que a acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica pudesse ser um sinal do estado de portador de fibrose qu&#237;stica&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A fisiopatologia da acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica permanece ainda desconhecida&#46; Devido &#224; concentra&#231;&#227;o elevada de cloro no suor dos doentes com fibrose qu&#237;stica&#44; foi sugerida a hip&#243;tese de que este aumento de cloro condicionaria um aumento na capacidade de reten&#231;&#227;o de &#225;gua por parte dos queratin&#243;citos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#44;19</span></a>&#46; No entanto&#44; Berk et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> comprovaram que n&#227;o existe rela&#231;&#227;o entre a concentra&#231;&#227;o de cloro no suor e o grau de enrugamento cut&#226;neo&#46; Outras hip&#243;teses continuam ainda a ser debatidas&#44; nomeadamente a disfun&#231;&#227;o das gl&#226;ndulas &#233;crinas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;21</span></a>&#44; disfun&#231;&#227;o nervosa<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a>&#44; hiperhidrose<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a>&#44; defeitos na fun&#231;&#227;o de barreira do estrato c&#243;rneo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;6</span></a>&#44; oclus&#227;o dos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ostia</span> dos ductos &#233;crinos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> e fragilidade da parede dos ductos &#233;crinos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">De modo semelhante ao que foi descrito nesta doente&#44; a muta&#231;&#227;o F508 &#233; a que mais frequentemente est&#225; associada &#224; acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica nos doentes com fibrose qu&#237;stica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a>&#46; Apesar de esta ser a muta&#231;&#227;o mais frequente do gene CFTR &#40;correspondendo a 70&#37; das muta&#231;&#245;es identificadas nos doentes com fibrose qu&#237;stica do norte da Europa&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;23</span></a>&#44; alguns autores especulam que esta muta&#231;&#227;o em particular possa representar um fator predisponente para a acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;20</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Foram descritas diversas modalidades terap&#234;uticas&#44; entre as quais cloreto de alum&#237;nio<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;17</span></a>&#44; anti-histam&#237;nicos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>&#44; toxina botul&#237;nica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> e iontoforese<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#44; todas com resultados vari&#225;veis&#46; Est&#227;o ainda descritos casos de remiss&#227;o espont&#226;nea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;3&#44;5&#44;17</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No presente caso cl&#237;nico&#44; a acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica pode representar a &#250;nica manifesta&#231;&#227;o do estado de portadora de fibrose qu&#237;stica desta doente&#46; Este facto salienta a import&#226;ncia de considerar e pesquisar este tipo de altera&#231;&#245;es gen&#233;ticas nestes doentes&#46; De forma semelhante&#44; estas altera&#231;&#245;es cut&#226;neas devem ser investigadas quer nos doentes com fibrose qu&#237;stica quer nos portadores de fibrose qu&#237;stica conhecidos&#44; n&#227;o s&#243; devido &#224; exist&#234;ncia de terap&#234;uticas eficazes mas tamb&#233;m devido ao facto de que novos casos e estudos poder&#227;o ajudar a esclarecer melhor a fisiopatologia de ambas as situa&#231;&#245;es&#46; Os autores acreditam que a acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica &#233; uma entidade subdiagnosticada&#44; que pode ser confundida com o empalidecimento e enrugamento fisiol&#243;gico das palmas&#44; provocado pela vasoconstri&#231;&#227;o normalmente associada &#224; exposi&#231;&#227;o prolongada &#224; &#225;gua<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a>&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Responsabilidades &#233;ticas</span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Prote&#231;&#227;o de pessoas e animais</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram que para esta investiga&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o se realizaram experi&#234;ncias em seres humanos e&#47;ou animais&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Confidencialidade dos dados</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram ter seguido os protocolos de seu centro de trabalho acerca da publica&#231;&#227;o dos dados de pacientes e que todos os pacientes inclu&#237;dos no estudo receberam informa&#231;&#245;es suficientes e deram o seu consentimento informado por escrito para participar nesse estudo&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Direito &#224; privacidade e consentimento escrito</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram ter recebido consentimento escrito dos pacientes e&#47;ou sujeitos mencionados no artigo&#46; O autor para correspond&#234;ncia deve estar na posse deste documento&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conflito de interesses</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Os autores declaram n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Descrita em 1996&#44; a acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica &#233; uma entidade rara&#44; caracterizada pelo aparecimento de p&#225;pulas edematosas palmares ap&#243;s contacto com &#225;gua&#46; M&#250;ltiplas associa&#231;&#245;es foram enumeradas mas&#44; recentemente&#44; a associa&#231;&#227;o a muta&#231;&#245;es do gene da fibrose qu&#237;stica foi demonstrada&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Descreve-se o caso de uma mulher de 18 anos&#44; saud&#225;vel&#44; com prurido e edema palmar ap&#243;s imers&#227;o em &#225;gua&#46; O exame objetivo inicial n&#227;o mostrava altera&#231;&#245;es mas&#44; 5&#160;min ap&#243;s imers&#227;o em &#225;gua&#44; observavam-se m&#250;ltiplas p&#225;pulas esbranqui&#231;adas palmares&#46; O estudo do gene da fibrose qu&#237;stica &#40;CFTR&#41; revelou uma muta&#231;&#227;o F508del num dos alelos&#46; A doente negava outras queixas ou hist&#243;ria familiar relevante&#46;</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A acroqueratodermia aquag&#233;nica &#233; uma entidade provavelmente subdiagnosticada que poder&#225; constituir uma manifesta&#231;&#227;o de muta&#231;&#245;es do gene CFTR&#44; o que possibilitaria a identifica&#231;&#227;o de portadores e aconselhamento gen&#233;tico&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Reported for the first time in 1996&#44; aquagenic keratoderma is a rare condition which is characterized by edematous flat-topped papules appearing on palmar skin after water immersion&#46; Multiple anecdotal associations have been described but&#44; recently&#44; the association with cystic fibrosis gene mutations &#40;CFTR&#41; has been highlighted&#46;</p><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The authors describe an 18 year-old female&#44; with one-month complaints of pruritus and swelling of palmar skin after water immersion&#46; On examination&#44; palmar skin was unremarkable but&#44; 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>minutes after water immersion&#44; multiple whitish papules became apparent&#46; CFTR genotype study showed a F508del mutation in one alelle&#46; She had no other symptoms and no relevant family history&#46;</p><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Aquagenic keratoderma is probably an under-diagnosed entity that might represent a manifestation of CFTR mutations&#44; making carrier state identification and genetic counseling possible&#46;</p></span>"
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Article information
ISSN: 08732159
Original language: Portuguese
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