Artigo Original\Original Article
Determinação da neopterina e de defesas antioxidantes na asma de evolução arrastada
The evaluation of neopterin and antioxidants in long lasting asthma
A. Mota Pinto, A. Todo-Bom, S. Vale Pereira, V. Alves, M. Santos Rosa
1 Professora Associada da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra. Directora do Instituto de Patologia Geral da Faculdade de Medicina de Coimbra / / Associate Professor, Coimbra University Medical School. Director, General Pathology Unit, Coimbra University Medical School.
2 Assistente Hospitalar Graduada de Imunoalergologia dos Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra / Hospital Assistant, Graduate in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Coimbra University Hospitals.
3 Mestre em Biologia Celular. Técnico Superior de 2.ª Classe do Instituto de Patologia Geral da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra / MSc in Cellular Biology. Senior Technician (Grade II), General Pathology Unit, Coimbra University Medical School.
4 Licenciada em Bioquímica. Assistente da Disciplina Imunologia e Investigadora do Instituto de Imunologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra / BSc in Biochemistry, Assistant, Clinical Immunology, Researcher in Clinical Immunology, Coimbra University Medical School.
5 Professor Catedrático da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra. Director do Instituto de Imunologia da Faculdade de Medicina de Coimbra / Cathedratic Professor, Coimbra University Medical School. Director, Clinical Immunology Unit, Coimbra University Medical School.
Read
4999
Timeswas read the article
1996
Total PDF
3003
Total HTML
Share statistics
array:24 [ "pii" => "S0873215915304591" "issn" => "08732159" "doi" => "10.1016/S0873-2159(15)30459-1" "estado" => "S350" "fechaPublicacion" => "2006-11-01" "aid" => "4" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP" "copyrightAnyo" => "2006" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Port Pneumol. 2006;12:669-82" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 2307 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 193 "HTML" => 1438 "PDF" => 676 ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0873215915304633" "issn" => "08732159" "doi" => "10.1016/S0873-2159(15)30463-3" "estado" => "S350" "fechaPublicacion" => "2006-11-01" "aid" => "8" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Port Pneumol. 2006;12:715-24" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 2165 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 208 "HTML" => 1293 "PDF" => 664 ] ] "pt" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Caso Clínico\Clinical Case</span>" "titulo" => "Toxicidade pulmonar induzida pela rapamicina" "tienePdf" => "pt" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "pt" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "715" "paginaFinal" => "724" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Lung toxicity induced by rapamycin" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "pt" => true "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "pt" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "C. Damas, A. Oliveira, A. Morais" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Damas" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Oliveira" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Morais" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "pt" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0873215915304633?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/08732159/0000001200000006/v1_201509071353/S0873215915304633/v1_201509071353/pt/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S087321591530458X" "issn" => "08732159" "doi" => "10.1016/S0873-2159(15)30458-X" "estado" => "S350" "fechaPublicacion" => "2006-11-01" "aid" => "3" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Port Pneumol. 2006;12:659-67" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 2671 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 210 "HTML" => 1779 "PDF" => 682 ] ] "pt" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Artigo Original\Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Comparação dos valores da capacidade pulmonar total e do volume residual obtidos pelas técnicas pletismográfica e de respiração única com metano" "tienePdf" => "pt" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "pt" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "659" "paginaFinal" => "667" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Comparison between total lung capacity and residual volume values obtained by pletysmography and single breath methods with methane" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "pt" => true "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "pt" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Ricardo Marques Dias, Fernando Hauaji Chacur, Sonia Regina da Silva Carvalho, André Luís Mancini, Geraldo A. Capuchino" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ricardo Marques" "apellidos" => "Dias" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Fernando Hauaji" "apellidos" => "Chacur" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Sonia Regina" "apellidos" => "da Silva Carvalho" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "André Luís" "apellidos" => "Mancini" ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Geraldo A." "apellidos" => "Capuchino" "sufijo" => "Jr." ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "pt" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S087321591530458X?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/08732159/0000001200000006/v1_201509071353/S087321591530458X/v1_201509071353/pt/main.assets" ] "pt" => array:15 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Artigo Original\Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Determinação da neopterina e de defesas antioxidantes na asma de evolução arrastada" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "669" "paginaFinal" => "682" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "autoresLista" => "A. Mota Pinto, A. Todo-Bom, S. Vale Pereira, V. Alves, M. Santos Rosa" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Mota Pinto" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Todo-Bom" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Vale Pereira" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "V." "apellidos" => "Alves" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Santos Rosa" ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Professora Associada da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra. Directora do Instituto de Patologia Geral da Faculdade de Medicina de Coimbra / / Associate Professor, Coimbra University Medical School. Director, General Pathology Unit, Coimbra University Medical School." "etiqueta" => "1" "identificador" => "af0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Assistente Hospitalar Graduada de Imunoalergologia dos Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra / Hospital Assistant, Graduate in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Coimbra University Hospitals." "etiqueta" => "2" "identificador" => "af0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Mestre em Biologia Celular. Técnico Superior de 2.ª Classe do Instituto de Patologia Geral da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra / MSc in Cellular Biology. Senior Technician (Grade II), General Pathology Unit, Coimbra University Medical School." "etiqueta" => "3" "identificador" => "af0015" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Licenciada em Bioquímica. Assistente da Disciplina Imunologia e Investigadora do Instituto de Imunologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra / BSc in Biochemistry, Assistant, Clinical Immunology, Researcher in Clinical Immunology, Coimbra University Medical School." "etiqueta" => "4" "identificador" => "af0020" ] 4 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Professor Catedrático da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra. Director do Instituto de Imunologia da Faculdade de Medicina de Coimbra / Cathedratic Professor, Coimbra University Medical School. Director, Clinical Immunology Unit, Coimbra University Medical School." "etiqueta" => "5" "identificador" => "af0025" ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "The evaluation of neopterin and antioxidants in long lasting asthma" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2006-07-14" "fechaAceptado" => "2006-08-29" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "pt" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palavras-chave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec568001" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Neopterina" 1 => "envelhecimento" 2 => "TAS" 3 => "SOD" ] ] ] "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key-words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec568000" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Neopterin" 1 => "asthma" 2 => "aging" 3 => "TAS" 4 => "SOD" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "pt" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumo" "resumen" => "<span id="as0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="sp0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A asma é uma doença caracterizada por uma resposta imuno-inflamatória a diferentes estímulos desencadeantes. A neopterina (NPT) é sintetizada por macrófagos após estimulação por interferon-γ produzido por linfócitos T e demonstrou-se ter capacidade de ampliar o potencial oxidativo das espécies reactivas de oxigénio. A determinação de NPT é útil para monitorizar a activação imunológica celular dos linfócitos Th1.</p><p id="sp0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Este estudo tem como objectivo analisar a NPT na asma de longa evolução enquanto marcador de um ambiente citocínico do tipo Th1. Avaliaram-se, no grupo de asmáticos e no grupo-controlo, os indicadores de alergia (IgE, eosinófilos e testes cutâneos de alergia por picada). Determinou-se também a NPT, a proteína C reactiva (PCR), <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">total antioxidant status</span> (TAS) e <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">superoxide dismutase enzyme</span> (SOD).</p><p id="sp0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Seleccionaram-se idosos com mais de 65 anos. Grupo-controlo – 41 indivíduos saudáveis (79<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7 anos); grupo de asmáticos – 64 indivíduos (72<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5 anos). Os valores dos eosinófilos e de IgE estavam estatisticamente aumentados e os de NPT reduzidos entre asmáticos alérgicos e não alérgicos, respectivamente (5,42<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4,7 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span> 2,8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2,8; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><,04), (493,2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>549,8 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span> 85,3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>194,4UI/ml; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=,000), (2,4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2,8 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span> 4,0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4,7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng/ml).</p><p id="sp0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">O estudo das defesas antioxidantes (TAS, SOD) revelou no grupo-controlo valores significativamente superiores aos do dos asmáticos (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>=,000) tanto de TAS (0,84<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,14/0,86<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,11<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span> 0.91<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mM) como de SOD (584,8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>108,7/595,6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>235,9 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span> 822,9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>179,5).</p><p id="sp0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Os resultados sugerem o envolvimento dos macrófagos na patogénese da asma. O défice das defesas antioxidantes é um factor de agravamento desta doença. O aumento da NPT na asma não alérgica consolida estas afirmações, sendo a determinação deste parâmetro susceptível de ser incluída no painel de estudos analíticos que permitem distinguir a asma alérgica da asma não alérgica.</p><p id="sp0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Rev Port Pneumol 2006; XII (6): 669-682</span></p></span>" ] "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="as0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="sp0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Asthma is a condition characterised by a chronic immunoinflammatory response to different triggers. Neopterin (NPT) is synthesised by human macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-γ and is also capable of enhancing the oxidative potential of reactive oxygen species. NPT is useful for the monitoring of cell-mediated (Th1-type) immune activation.</p><p id="sp0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This study analysed the behaviour of NPT in long lasting asthma, considering its role as a marker of Th1 environment. Allergic parameters (skin prick tests, Immunoglobin E (IgE), and eosinophil count) and NPT were evaluated in an asthmatic group and in a control group. We also analysed the C Reactive Protein (CRP) concentration, Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) and Superoxide Dismutase Enzyme (SOD) in both groups.</p><p id="sp0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A group of individuals aged over 65 years old was selected. It included 64 asthmatic patients (72<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>years) and 41 healthy individuals (79<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>years).</p><p id="sp0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Blood cell counts showed statistically different median values of eosinophils (5.42<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4.7 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span> 2.8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2.8;p<.04), IgE (493.2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>549.8 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span> 85.3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>194.4UI/ml; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.000) and NPT was non-statistically decreased (2.4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2.8 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span> 4.0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4.7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng/ml) in allergic asthmatic patients when compared with non-allergic asthmatic patients. Both allergic and non-allergic asthmatic patients presented a statistically significant decreased expression of TAS (0.84<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.14/0.86<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.11 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span> 0.91<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mM) and SOD (584.8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>108.7/595.6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>235.9 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs</span> 822.9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>179.5) when compared with normal control subjects.</p><p id="sp0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Our results suggest macrophage involvement in asthma pathogenesis. The deficit in antioxidant defence impacts negatively on this disease. The increase of NPT values in non-allergic asthma consolidates these affirmations and mapping this parameter should be part of the work of an analytical study panel as it may lead to allergic asthma being distinguished from nonallergic asthma.</p><p id="sp0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Rev Port Pneumol 2006; XII (6): 669-682</span></p></span>" ] ] "lecturaRecomendada" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "vista" => "all" "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="st0025">Bibliografia/Bibliography</span>" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "vista" => "all" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:27 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0005" "etiqueta" => "1." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "New NHLBI guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute" ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lippincott Health Promot Lett" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "2" "numero" => "7" "paginaInicial" => "8" "paginaFinal" => "9" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9407835" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0010" "etiqueta" => "2." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Long-term deterioration of lung function in asthmatic outpatients" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "M. Kupczyk" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1159/000077420" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Respiration" "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "71" "paginaInicial" => "233" "paginaFinal" => "240" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15133342" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0015" "etiqueta" => "3." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Aging and asthma:pathophysiological mechanisms" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "A.M. Vignola" 1 => "N. Scichilone" 2 => "J. Bousquet" 3 => "G. Bonsignore" 4 => "V. Bellia" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Allergy" "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "58" "paginaInicial" => "165" "paginaFinal" => "175" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12653790" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0020" "etiqueta" => "4." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Asthma in the Elderly" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "S. Braman" 1 => "J. Kaemmerlen" 2 => "S. Davis" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm/143.2.336" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am Rev Respir Dis" "fecha" => "1991" "volumen" => "143" "paginaInicial" => "336" "paginaFinal" => "340" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1990949" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0025" "etiqueta" => "5." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Inverse Relationship between Neopterin and Immunoglobulin E" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "M. Ledochowski" 1 => "C. Murr" 2 => "B. Widner" 3 => "D. Fuchs" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clinical Immunol" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "98" "numero" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "104" "paginaFinal" => "108" ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0030" "etiqueta" => "6." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Neopterin – A Forgotten Biomarker" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "J.C. Kaski" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "JACC" "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "42" "numero" => "6" "paginaInicial" => "1140" "paginaFinal" => "1146" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13678944" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0035" "etiqueta" => "7." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Serum Neopterin, an Immune Activation Marker, Independently Predicts Disease Progression in Advanced HIV-1 Infection" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => "D. Mildvan" 1 => "J. Spritzler" 2 => "S.E. Grossberg" 3 => "J.L. Fahey" 4 => "D.M. Johnston" 5 => "B.R. Schock" 6 => "J. Kagan" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1086/427877" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Infect Dis" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "40" "paginaInicial" => "853" "paginaFinal" => "858" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15736019" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0040" "etiqueta" => "8." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Modulation of inflammation by reactive oxygen species: implications for aging and tissue repair" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "B. Khodr" 1 => "Z. Khalil" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.06.007" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Free Rad Biol & Med" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "30" "paginaInicial" => "1" "paginaFinal" => "8" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26275933" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0045" "etiqueta" => "9." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Neopterin as a Marker for Immune System Activation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "C.B. Widner" 1 => "B. Wirleitnerand" 2 => "D. Fuchs" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Current Drug Metabolism" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "175" "paginaFinal" => "187" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12003349" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0050" "etiqueta" => "10." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Potential role of immune system activation-associated production of neopterin derivates in humans" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "G. Hoffman" 1 => "B. Wirleitner" 2 => "D. Fuchs" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s00011-003-1181-9" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Inflamm Res" "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "52" "numero" => "8" "paginaInicial" => "313" "paginaFinal" => "321" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14504669" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0055" "etiqueta" => "11." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Antioxidants may increase the probability of developing allergic diseases and asthma" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "C. Murra" 1 => "K. Schroecksnadela" 2 => "C. Winklera" 3 => "M. Ledochowskic" 4 => "D. Fuchsa" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.mehy.2004.11.011" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Medical Hypotheses" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "64" "paginaInicial" => "973" "paginaFinal" => "977" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15780494" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0060" "etiqueta" => "12." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Increasing production of homocysteine and neopterin and degradation of tryptophan with older age" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "B. Frick" 1 => "K. Schroecksnadel" 2 => "G. Neurauter" 3 => "F. Leblhuber" 4 => "D. Fuchsa" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2004.02.007" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Biochem" "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "37" "paginaInicial" => "684" "paginaFinal" => "687" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15302611" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0065" "etiqueta" => "13." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Distinct categories of immunologic changes in frail elderly" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:8 [ 0 => "J.L. Fahey" 1 => "J.F. Schnelle" 2 => "J. Boscardin" 3 => "J.K. Thomas" 4 => "M.E. Gorre" 5 => "N. Aziz" 6 => "H. Sadeghi" 7 => "P. Nishanian" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mech Ageing Develop" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "115" "paginaInicial" => "1" "paginaFinal" => "20" ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0070" "etiqueta" => "14." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Dehydroepiandrosterone, ageing and immune activation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "M. Ledochowski" 1 => "C. Murr" 2 => "M. Jäger" 3 => "D. Fuchs" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Exp Gerontol" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "36" "paginaInicial" => "1739" "paginaFinal" => "1747" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11672993" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0075" "etiqueta" => "15." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The maximum expiratory flow volume curve: normal standards, variability and effects of age" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "R. Knudson" 1 => "R. Slavin" 2 => "M. Lebowitz" 3 => "B. Burrows" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/arrd.1976.113.5.587" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am Rev Respir Dis" "fecha" => "1976" "volumen" => "113" "paginaInicial" => "587" "paginaFinal" => "600" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1267262" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0080" "etiqueta" => "16." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Degradation of serum neopterin during daylight exposure" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "A. Laich" 1 => "G. Neurauter" 2 => "B. Wirleitner" 3 => "D. Fuchs" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Chim Acta" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "322" "paginaInicial" => "175" "paginaFinal" => "178" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12104098" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0085" "etiqueta" => "17." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The reduction of cytochrome c by milk xanthine oxidase" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "J.M. McCord" 1 => "I. Fridovich" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Biol Chem" "fecha" => "1968" "volumen" => "243" "numero" => "21" "paginaInicial" => "5753" "paginaFinal" => "5760" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4972775" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0090" "etiqueta" => "18." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Superoxide dismutase assays" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "L. Flohe" 1 => "F. Otting" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Methods Enzymol" "fecha" => "1984" "volumen" => "105" "paginaInicial" => "93" "paginaFinal" => "104" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6328209" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 18 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0095" "etiqueta" => "19." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Persistence of atopic effects on airway calibre and bronchial responsiveness in older adults" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "D.S. Renwick" 1 => "M.J. Connolly" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Age and Ageing" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "26" "paginaInicial" => "435" "paginaFinal" => "440" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9466293" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 19 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0100" "etiqueta" => "20." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Asthma severety, atopic status, allergen exposure, and quality of life in elderly persons" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "K. Huss" 1 => "P.L. Naumann" 2 => "P.J. Mason" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62900-6" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "86" "paginaInicial" => "524" "paginaFinal" => "530" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11379803" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 20 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0105" "etiqueta" => "21." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Airway hyperresponsiveness in the elderly: prevalence and clinical implications" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "N. Scichilone" 1 => "M. Messina" 2 => "S. Battaglia" 3 => "F. Catalano" 4 => "V. Bellia" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1183/09031936.05.00080204" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "25" "paginaInicial" => "364" "paginaFinal" => "375" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15684304" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 21 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0110" "etiqueta" => "22." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Neopterin in phases of exacerbation of bronchial asthma and in experimental asthma conditions" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "G. Menz" 1 => "J.J. De Sousa" 2 => "T. Rothe" 3 => "M. Schmitz-Schumann" 4 => "C. Virchow" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Pneumologie" "fecha" => "1990" "volumen" => "44" "paginaInicial" => "232" "paginaFinal" => "233" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2367374" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 22 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0115" "etiqueta" => "23." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Association of increased neopterin production with decreased humoral immunity in the elderly" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "C. Murr" 1 => "U. Hainz" 2 => "E. Asch" 3 => "P. Berger" 4 => "B. Jenewein" 5 => "M. Saurwein-Teissl" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Exp Gerontol" "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "38" "paginaInicial" => "583" "paginaFinal" => "587" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12742536" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 23 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0120" "etiqueta" => "24." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Histamine suppresses neopterin production in the human myelomonocytoma cell line THP-1" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "A. Gruber" 1 => "C. Murr" 2 => "B. Wirleitner" 3 => "G. Werner-Felmayer" 4 => "D. Fuchs" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Immunology Letters" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "72" "paginaInicial" => "133" "paginaFinal" => "136" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10841949" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 24 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0125" "etiqueta" => "25." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "O Sistema Antioxidante na Asma Brônquica: Condicionalismos do Processo de Envelhecimento" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "A. Todo Bom" 1 => "T. Proença" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Port Imunoalergologia" "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "XI" "paginaInicial" => "17" "paginaFinal" => "29" ] ] ] ] ] ] 25 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0130" "etiqueta" => "26." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Reduced superoxide dismutase in lung cells of patients with asthma" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "L. Smith" 1 => "M. Shamsuddin" 2 => "P. Sporn" 3 => "M. Denenberg" 4 => "J. Anderson" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.redox.2015.08.016" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Free Radical Biology & Medicine" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "95" "paginaInicial" => "1301" "paginaFinal" => "1307" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26339717" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 26 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bb0135" "etiqueta" => "27." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Rapid loss of superoxide dismutase activity during antigen induced asthmatic response" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "S. Comhair" 1 => "P. Bhatena" 2 => "R. Dweik" 3 => "M. Kavuru" 4 => "S. Erurum" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/S0140-6736(99)04736-4" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lancet" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "355" "paginaInicial" => "624" "paginaFinal" => "724" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10696986" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "pt" "url" => "/08732159/0000001200000006/v1_201509071353/S0873215915304591/v1_201509071353/pt/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "43382" "tipo" => "SECCION" "pt" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Artigos Originais/Original Articles" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "pt" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/08732159/0000001200000006/v1_201509071353/S0873215915304591/v1_201509071353/pt/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004E&text.app=https://journalpulmonology.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0873215915304591?idApp=UINPBA00004E" ]
Article information
ISSN: 08732159Original language: Portuguese
The statistics are updated each day
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 4 | 6 | 10 |
| 2024 October | 35 | 24 | 59 |
| 2024 September | 28 | 28 | 56 |
| 2024 August | 50 | 27 | 77 |
| 2024 July | 24 | 27 | 51 |
| 2024 June | 26 | 17 | 43 |
| 2024 May | 29 | 36 | 65 |
| 2024 April | 27 | 26 | 53 |
| 2024 March | 34 | 26 | 60 |
| 2024 February | 32 | 21 | 53 |
| 2024 January | 17 | 20 | 37 |
| 2023 December | 30 | 24 | 54 |
| 2023 November | 18 | 21 | 39 |
| 2023 October | 14 | 28 | 42 |
| 2023 September | 25 | 29 | 54 |
| 2023 August | 15 | 9 | 24 |
| 2023 July | 17 | 32 | 49 |
| 2023 June | 23 | 16 | 39 |
| 2023 May | 21 | 27 | 48 |
| 2023 April | 12 | 21 | 33 |
| 2023 March | 19 | 21 | 40 |
| 2023 February | 15 | 16 | 31 |
| 2023 January | 14 | 18 | 32 |
| 2022 December | 15 | 19 | 34 |
| 2022 November | 33 | 26 | 59 |
| 2022 October | 28 | 26 | 54 |
| 2022 September | 18 | 17 | 35 |
| 2022 August | 32 | 46 | 78 |
| 2022 July | 17 | 29 | 46 |
| 2022 June | 15 | 26 | 41 |
| 2022 May | 30 | 39 | 69 |
| 2022 April | 14 | 17 | 31 |
| 2022 March | 12 | 29 | 41 |
| 2022 February | 22 | 27 | 49 |
| 2022 January | 23 | 32 | 55 |
| 2021 December | 19 | 35 | 54 |
| 2021 November | 13 | 18 | 31 |
| 2021 October | 25 | 35 | 60 |
| 2021 September | 22 | 27 | 49 |
| 2021 August | 14 | 17 | 31 |
| 2021 July | 26 | 23 | 49 |
| 2021 June | 12 | 18 | 30 |
| 2021 May | 28 | 22 | 50 |
| 2021 April | 48 | 50 | 98 |
| 2021 March | 24 | 18 | 42 |
| 2021 February | 46 | 20 | 66 |
| 2021 January | 26 | 13 | 39 |
| 2020 December | 22 | 9 | 31 |
| 2020 November | 42 | 26 | 68 |
| 2020 October | 20 | 11 | 31 |
| 2020 September | 52 | 19 | 71 |
| 2020 August | 49 | 21 | 70 |
| 2020 July | 42 | 11 | 53 |
| 2020 June | 55 | 21 | 76 |
| 2020 May | 60 | 20 | 80 |
| 2020 April | 67 | 12 | 79 |
| 2020 March | 48 | 17 | 65 |
| 2020 February | 36 | 21 | 57 |
| 2020 January | 53 | 20 | 73 |
| 2019 December | 43 | 13 | 56 |
| 2019 November | 46 | 16 | 62 |
| 2019 October | 58 | 25 | 83 |
| 2019 September | 39 | 10 | 49 |
| 2019 August | 61 | 26 | 87 |
| 2019 July | 28 | 18 | 46 |
| 2019 June | 26 | 11 | 37 |
| 2019 May | 39 | 29 | 68 |
| 2019 April | 31 | 12 | 43 |
| 2019 March | 77 | 17 | 94 |
| 2019 February | 88 | 17 | 105 |
| 2019 January | 68 | 18 | 86 |
| 2018 December | 34 | 9 | 43 |
| 2018 November | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| 2018 October | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 2018 September | 15 | 4 | 19 |
| 2018 August | 38 | 21 | 59 |
| 2018 July | 36 | 23 | 59 |
| 2018 June | 51 | 21 | 72 |
| 2018 May | 34 | 21 | 55 |
| 2018 April | 51 | 44 | 95 |
| 2018 March | 29 | 23 | 52 |
| 2018 February | 28 | 17 | 45 |
| 2018 January | 17 | 8 | 25 |
| 2017 December | 32 | 15 | 47 |
| 2017 November | 38 | 5 | 43 |
| 2017 October | 38 | 7 | 45 |
| 2017 September | 34 | 11 | 45 |
| 2017 August | 27 | 8 | 35 |
| 2017 July | 25 | 7 | 32 |
| 2017 June | 33 | 27 | 60 |
| 2017 May | 42 | 13 | 55 |
| 2017 April | 22 | 37 | 59 |
| 2017 March | 17 | 30 | 47 |
| 2017 February | 12 | 3 | 15 |
| 2017 January | 19 | 6 | 25 |
| 2016 December | 13 | 7 | 20 |
| 2016 November | 10 | 6 | 16 |
| 2016 October | 14 | 8 | 22 |
| 2016 September | 2 | 8 | 10 |
| 2016 August | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| 2016 July | 4 | 5 | 9 |
| 2016 June | 1 | 4 | 5 |
| 2016 April | 3 | 4 | 7 |
| 2016 March | 5 | 4 | 9 |
| 2016 February | 5 | 8 | 13 |
| 2016 January | 3 | 4 | 7 |
| 2015 December | 8 | 1 | 9 |
| 2015 November | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 2015 October | 3 | 3 | 6 |
Show all
