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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A Sociedade Portuguesa de Reumatologia</span> &#40;SPR&#41; e a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia</span> &#40;SPP&#41; elaboraram recomenda&#231;&#245;es para o diagn&#243;stico e terap&#234;utica da tuberculose latente &#40;TL&#41; e activa &#40;TD&#41; em doentes com doen&#231;as inflamat&#243;rias articulares &#40;DIA&#41;&#44; nomeadamente artrite reumat&#243;ide&#44; artrite psori&#225;tica e espondilite anquilosante&#44; tratadas com antagonistas do factor de necrose tumoral alfa &#40;TNF-&#945;&#41;&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Devido ao elevado risco de tuberculose &#40;TB&#41; em doentes com DIA dever&#225; proceder-se ao rastreio de TD e TL t&#227;o precocemente quanto poss&#237;vel&#44; preferencialmente no momento do diagn&#243;stico da doen&#231;a reum&#225;tica&#46; No entanto&#44; e mesmo que o rastreio j&#225; tenha sido efectuado no in&#237;cio da doen&#231;a&#44; a avalia&#231;&#227;o dever&#225; ser repetida antes do in&#237;cio da terap&#234;utica anti-TNF&#945;&#46; Sempre que houver indica&#231;&#227;o para terap&#234;utica de tuberculose &#40;TL ou TD&#41;&#44; esta dever&#225; ser&#44; de prefer&#234;ncia&#44; cumprida integralmente antes de se iniciar o anti-TNF-&#945;&#46; No caso da actividade da DIA o exigir&#44; o anti-TNF-&#945; poder&#225; ser iniciado ao fim de dois meses de terap&#234;utica antibacilar&#44; no caso de TD&#44; ou ao fim de um m&#234;s&#44; no caso de TL&#46; Todos os doentes devem realizar radiografia do t&#243;rax&#46; Altera&#231;&#245;es compat&#237;veis com complexo de Gohn devem ser tratadas como TL&#46; Les&#245;es residuais obrigam a excluir TB em actividade e se se detectar hist&#243;ria anterior de TB n&#227;o tratada ou tratada de forma incorrecta ou incompleta&#44; esta dever&#225; ser tratada como TL&#46; Se se suspeitar de les&#245;es em actividade&#44; o diagn&#243;stico de TD deve ser confirmado e o tratamento adequado institu&#237;do&#46; A prova tubercul&#237;nica &#40;PT&#41;&#44; com 2 Unidades de Tuberculina RT23&#44; dever&#225; ser efectuada em todos os doentes&#46; Se a indura&#231;&#227;o for inferior a 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#44; a prova deve ser repetida 1 a 2 semanas depois&#44; no antebra&#231;o oposto&#44; e considerada negativa se o segundo resultado for igualmente inferior a 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#46; As PT positivas obrigam a tratamento de TL&#46; Se a PT &#233; realizada em fase de imunodepress&#227;o&#44; o doente deve ser submetido a tratamento de TL antes de iniciar terap&#234;utica anti-TNF-&#945;&#44; mesmo que a prova seja negativa&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">The Portuguese Society of Rheumatology</span> &#40;SPR&#41; and the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Portuguese Society of Pulmonology</span> &#40;SPP&#41; have developed guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection &#40;LTBI&#41; and active tuberculosis &#40;AT&#41; in patients with inflammatory joint diseases &#40;IJD&#41;&#44; namely rheumatoid arthritis&#44; psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis&#44; treated with tumour necrosis factor alpha &#40;TNF-&#945;&#41; antagonists&#46;</p><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Due to the high risk of tuberculosis &#40;TB&#41; in patients with IJD&#44; LTBI and AT screening should be performed as soon as possible&#44; ideally at the moment of IJD diagnosis&#46; Even if TB screening was performed at the beginning of the disease&#44; the evaluation should be repeated before starting anti-TNF-&#945; therapy&#46; When TB &#40;LTBI or AT&#41; treatment is indicated&#44; it should be performed before the beginning of anti-TNF-&#945; therapy&#46; If the IJD activity requires urgent anti-TNF-&#945; therapy&#44; these drugs can be started after two months of antituberculosis therapy in AT cases&#44; or after one month in LTBI cases&#46; Chest X-ray is mandatory for all patients&#46; If abnormal&#44; e&#46;g&#46; Gohn complex&#44; the patient should be treated as LTBI&#59; residual lesions require the exclusion of AT and patients with history of untreated or incomplete TB treatment should be treated as LTBI&#46; In cases of suspected active lesions&#44; AT diagnosis should be confirmed and adequate therapy initiated&#46; Tuberculin skin test &#40;TST&#41;&#44; with two units of RT23&#44; should be performed in all patients&#46; If induration is less than 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#44; the test should be repeated after 1 to 2 weeks&#44; on the opposite forearm&#44; and should be considered negative if the result is again inferior to 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#46; Positive TST implicates LTBI treatment&#46; If TST is performed in immunosupressed IJD patients&#44; LTBI treatment should be offered to the patient before starting anti-TNF&#945; therapy&#44; even in the presence of a negative test&#46;</p>"
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Recomendações para diagnóstico e tratamento da tuberculose latente e activa nas doenças inflamatórias articulares candidatas a tratamento com fármacos inibidores do factor de necrose tumoral alfa
Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection and active tuberculosis in patients with inflamatory joint diseases proposed for treatment with tumour necrosis factor alpha antagonists drugs
João Eurico Fonseca1,
Corresponding author
info@spreumatologia.pt

Endereço para correspondência: Sociedade Portuguesa de Reumatologia, Rua D. Estefânia 177, 1° D1000-154 Lisboa.
, Helena Lucas2, Helena Canhão1, Raquel Duarte2, Maria José Santos1, Miguel Villar2, Augusto Faustino1, Elena Raymundo2
1 Grupo de Estudos de Artrite Reumatóide da Sociedade Portuguesa de Reumatologia
2 Comissão de Tuberculose da Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia
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        "titulo" => "Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection and active tuberculosis in patients with inflamatory joint diseases proposed for treatment with tumour necrosis factor alpha antagonists drugs"
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        "titulo" => "Resumo"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A Sociedade Portuguesa de Reumatologia</span> &#40;SPR&#41; e a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia</span> &#40;SPP&#41; elaboraram recomenda&#231;&#245;es para o diagn&#243;stico e terap&#234;utica da tuberculose latente &#40;TL&#41; e activa &#40;TD&#41; em doentes com doen&#231;as inflamat&#243;rias articulares &#40;DIA&#41;&#44; nomeadamente artrite reumat&#243;ide&#44; artrite psori&#225;tica e espondilite anquilosante&#44; tratadas com antagonistas do factor de necrose tumoral alfa &#40;TNF-&#945;&#41;&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Devido ao elevado risco de tuberculose &#40;TB&#41; em doentes com DIA dever&#225; proceder-se ao rastreio de TD e TL t&#227;o precocemente quanto poss&#237;vel&#44; preferencialmente no momento do diagn&#243;stico da doen&#231;a reum&#225;tica&#46; No entanto&#44; e mesmo que o rastreio j&#225; tenha sido efectuado no in&#237;cio da doen&#231;a&#44; a avalia&#231;&#227;o dever&#225; ser repetida antes do in&#237;cio da terap&#234;utica anti-TNF&#945;&#46; Sempre que houver indica&#231;&#227;o para terap&#234;utica de tuberculose &#40;TL ou TD&#41;&#44; esta dever&#225; ser&#44; de prefer&#234;ncia&#44; cumprida integralmente antes de se iniciar o anti-TNF-&#945;&#46; No caso da actividade da DIA o exigir&#44; o anti-TNF-&#945; poder&#225; ser iniciado ao fim de dois meses de terap&#234;utica antibacilar&#44; no caso de TD&#44; ou ao fim de um m&#234;s&#44; no caso de TL&#46; Todos os doentes devem realizar radiografia do t&#243;rax&#46; Altera&#231;&#245;es compat&#237;veis com complexo de Gohn devem ser tratadas como TL&#46; Les&#245;es residuais obrigam a excluir TB em actividade e se se detectar hist&#243;ria anterior de TB n&#227;o tratada ou tratada de forma incorrecta ou incompleta&#44; esta dever&#225; ser tratada como TL&#46; Se se suspeitar de les&#245;es em actividade&#44; o diagn&#243;stico de TD deve ser confirmado e o tratamento adequado institu&#237;do&#46; A prova tubercul&#237;nica &#40;PT&#41;&#44; com 2 Unidades de Tuberculina RT23&#44; dever&#225; ser efectuada em todos os doentes&#46; Se a indura&#231;&#227;o for inferior a 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#44; a prova deve ser repetida 1 a 2 semanas depois&#44; no antebra&#231;o oposto&#44; e considerada negativa se o segundo resultado for igualmente inferior a 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#46; As PT positivas obrigam a tratamento de TL&#46; Se a PT &#233; realizada em fase de imunodepress&#227;o&#44; o doente deve ser submetido a tratamento de TL antes de iniciar terap&#234;utica anti-TNF-&#945;&#44; mesmo que a prova seja negativa&#46;</p>"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">The Portuguese Society of Rheumatology</span> &#40;SPR&#41; and the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Portuguese Society of Pulmonology</span> &#40;SPP&#41; have developed guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection &#40;LTBI&#41; and active tuberculosis &#40;AT&#41; in patients with inflammatory joint diseases &#40;IJD&#41;&#44; namely rheumatoid arthritis&#44; psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis&#44; treated with tumour necrosis factor alpha &#40;TNF-&#945;&#41; antagonists&#46;</p><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Due to the high risk of tuberculosis &#40;TB&#41; in patients with IJD&#44; LTBI and AT screening should be performed as soon as possible&#44; ideally at the moment of IJD diagnosis&#46; Even if TB screening was performed at the beginning of the disease&#44; the evaluation should be repeated before starting anti-TNF-&#945; therapy&#46; When TB &#40;LTBI or AT&#41; treatment is indicated&#44; it should be performed before the beginning of anti-TNF-&#945; therapy&#46; If the IJD activity requires urgent anti-TNF-&#945; therapy&#44; these drugs can be started after two months of antituberculosis therapy in AT cases&#44; or after one month in LTBI cases&#46; Chest X-ray is mandatory for all patients&#46; If abnormal&#44; e&#46;g&#46; Gohn complex&#44; the patient should be treated as LTBI&#59; residual lesions require the exclusion of AT and patients with history of untreated or incomplete TB treatment should be treated as LTBI&#46; In cases of suspected active lesions&#44; AT diagnosis should be confirmed and adequate therapy initiated&#46; Tuberculin skin test &#40;TST&#41;&#44; with two units of RT23&#44; should be performed in all patients&#46; If induration is less than 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#44; the test should be repeated after 1 to 2 weeks&#44; on the opposite forearm&#44; and should be considered negative if the result is again inferior to 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#46; Positive TST implicates LTBI treatment&#46; If TST is performed in immunosupressed IJD patients&#44; LTBI treatment should be offered to the patient before starting anti-TNF&#945; therapy&#44; even in the presence of a negative test&#46;</p>"
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Article information
ISSN: 21735115
Original language: Portuguese
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