array:24 [
  "pii" => "S2173511507703202"
  "issn" => "21735115"
  "doi" => "10.1016/S2173-5115(07)70320-2"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2007-01-01"
  "aid" => "70320"
  "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2007"
  "documento" => "article"
  "crossmark" => 0
  "licencia" => "http://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/"
  "subdocumento" => "fla"
  "cita" => "Rev Port Pneumol. 2007;13:9-34"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => true
    "ES2" => true
    "LATM" => true
  ]
  "gratuito" => true
  "lecturas" => array:2 [
    "total" => 2838
    "formatos" => array:3 [
      "EPUB" => 208
      "HTML" => 1636
      "PDF" => 994
    ]
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S2173511507703214"
    "issn" => "21735115"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S2173-5115(07)70321-4"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2007-01-01"
    "aid" => "70321"
    "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "licencia" => "http://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Rev Port Pneumol. 2007;13:35-51"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 2798
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 244
        "HTML" => 1383
        "PDF" => 1171
      ]
    ]
    "en" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "titulo" => "Positron emission tomography: Indications in lung cancer – Prospective experience of a department"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "en"
        1 => "pt"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "35"
          "paginaFinal" => "51"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "pt" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Tomografia emissora de positrões: Indicações no cancro do pulmão – Experiência prospectiva de um serviço"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "en" => true
        "pt" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Diva Ferreira, A Oliveira, A Barroso, A Conde, B Parente"
          "autores" => array:5 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Diva"
              "apellidos" => "Ferreira"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "A"
              "apellidos" => "Oliveira"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "A"
              "apellidos" => "Barroso"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "A"
              "apellidos" => "Conde"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "B"
              "apellidos" => "Parente"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173511507703214?idApp=UINPBA00004E"
    "url" => "/21735115/0000001300000001/v1_201305151434/S2173511507703214/v1_201305151434/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S2173511507703196"
    "issn" => "21735115"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S2173-5115(07)70319-6"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2007-01-01"
    "aid" => "70319"
    "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia"
    "documento" => "simple-article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "licencia" => "http://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "edi"
    "cita" => "Rev Port Pneumol. 2007;13:5-7"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 2240
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 193
        "HTML" => 1026
        "PDF" => 1021
      ]
    ]
    "pt" => array:7 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "titulo" => "Editorial"
      "tienePdf" => "pt"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "5"
          "paginaFinal" => "7"
        ]
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "pt" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "António Segorbe Luís"
          "autores" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "António"
              "apellidos" => "Segorbe Luís"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "pt"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173511507703196?idApp=UINPBA00004E"
    "url" => "/21735115/0000001300000001/v1_201305151434/S2173511507703196/v1_201305151434/pt/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:14 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "titulo" => "Genetic alterations in lung cancer: Assessing limitations in routine clinical use"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "9"
        "paginaFinal" => "34"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:3 [
        "autoresLista" => "Joana Espiga Macedo, Ângela M S Costa, Inês A M Barbosa, Sandra Rebelo, Conceição Souto de Moura, Luís Teixeira da Costa, Venceslau Hespanhol"
        "autores" => array:7 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Joana"
            "apellidos" => "Espiga Macedo"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "&#194;ngela"
            "apellidos" => "M S Costa"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "In&#234;s A M"
            "apellidos" => "Barbosa"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0015"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Sandra"
            "apellidos" => "Rebelo"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0020"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          4 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Concei&#231;&#227;o Souto"
            "apellidos" => "de Moura"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0025"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          5 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Lu&#237;s Teixeira"
            "apellidos" => "da Costa"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0030"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          6 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Venceslau"
            "apellidos" => "Hespanhol"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0035"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:7 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto &#47; University of Porto Faculty of Medicine"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "IPATIMUP"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff0010"
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias da Universidade do Porto &#47; University of Porto Faculty of Science"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff0015"
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Servi&#231;o de Histologia&#44; Hospital de S&#46; Jo&#227;o &#47; Hospital de S&#46; Jo&#227;o&#44; Histology Unit"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff0020"
          ]
          4 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Servi&#231;o de Anatomia Patol&#243;gica&#44; Hospital de S&#46; Jo&#227;o &#47; Hospital de S&#46; Jo&#227;o&#44; Anatomic Pathology Unit"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff0025"
          ]
          5 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "ICAM&#44; Universidade de &#201;vora &#47; ICAM&#44; University of &#201;vora"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff0030"
          ]
          6 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Servi&#231;o de Pneumologia&#44; Hospital de S&#46; Jo&#227;o &#47; Hospital de S&#46; Jo&#227;o&#44; Pulmonolgy Unit"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff0035"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "pt" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "Altera&#231;&#245;es gen&#233;ticas no cancro do pulm&#227;o&#58; Avalia&#231;&#227;o das limita&#231;&#245;es ao seu uso na rotina cl&#237;nica"
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2006-10-31"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2006-12-12"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Key-words"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec158968"
          "palabras" => array:6 [
            0 => "Cancer"
            1 => "lung"
            2 => "clinical"
            3 => "molecular genetics"
            4 => "mutation"
            5 => "p53"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "pt" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palavras-chave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec158967"
          "palabras" => array:6 [
            0 => "Cancro"
            1 => "pulm&#227;o"
            2 => "cl&#237;nica"
            3 => "gen&#233;tica molecular"
            4 => "muta&#231;&#227;o"
            5 => "p53"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Lung cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer mortality worldwide&#44; responsible for approximately 1&#46;1 million deaths per year&#46; Median survival is short&#44; both as most tumours are diagnosed at an advanced stage and because of the limited efficacy of available treatments&#46; The development of tumour molecular genetics carries the promise of altering this state of affairs&#44; as it should lead to a more precise classification of tumours&#44; identify specific molecular targets for therapy and&#44; above all&#44; allow the development of new methods for early diagnosis&#46; Despite numerous studies demonstrating the usefulness of molecular genetic techniques in the study of lung cancer&#44; its routine clinical use in Portugal has&#44; however&#44; been limited&#46;</p><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In this study&#44; we used a p53 mutation screen in multiple clinical samples from a series of lung cancer patients to attempt to identify the main practical limitations to the integration of molecular genetics in routine clinical practice&#46; Our results suggest that the main limiting factor is the availability of samples with good quality DNA&#59; a problem that could be overcome by alterations in common sample collection and storage procedures&#46;</p>"
      ]
      "pt" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumo"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">O cancro do pulm&#227;o &#233; a causa mais frequente de mortalidade por cancro no mundo&#44; sendo respons&#225;vel por cerca de 1&#44;1 milh&#245;es de mortes por ano&#46; A sobreviv&#234;ncia m&#233;dia dos doentes &#233; geralmente curta&#44; por a doen&#231;a se encontrar em est&#225;dios avan&#231;ados na altura do diagn&#243;stico&#44; mas tamb&#233;m devido &#224; falta de efic&#225;cia dos tratamentos dispon&#237;veis&#46; O advento da gen&#233;tica molecular dos tumores trouxe consigo a possibilidade de modificar esta situa&#231;&#227;o&#44; quer atrav&#233;s do refinamento do diagn&#243;stico&#44; quer da identifica&#231;&#227;o de alvos terap&#234;uticos espec&#237;ficos&#44; quer sobretudo por &#8211; pelo menos em teoria &#8211; permitir o diagn&#243;stico precoce da doen&#231;a&#46; No entanto&#44; e apesar de numerosos trabalhos terem j&#225; demonstrado a utilidade das t&#233;cnicas da gen&#233;tica molecular no estudo do cancro do pulm&#227;o&#44; o seu uso na rotina cl&#237;nica em Portugal tem sido limitado&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">No presente estudo&#44; utilizou-se a pesquisa de muta&#231;&#245;es no anti-oncogene p53 em amostras cl&#237;nicas de doentes com diagn&#243;stico de cancro do pulm&#227;o como m&#233;todo para identificar as dificuldades pr&#225;ticas &#224; integra&#231;&#227;o da gen&#233;tica molecular na rotina cl&#237;nica&#46; Os resultados obtidos sugerem que o principal factor limitante a essa integra&#231;&#227;o &#233; a obten&#231;&#227;o de amostras de ADN de qualidade&#44; um problema que pode ser superado pela altera&#231;&#227;o das pr&#225;ticas correntes de recolha de amostras&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Bibliography&#47;Bibliografia"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:33 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1"
              "etiqueta" => "1&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Cancer incidence and mortality in Europe&#44; 2004"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Boyle"
                            1 => "J&#46; Ferlay"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1093/annonc/mdi098"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Oncol"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "16"
                        "paginaInicial" => "481"
                        "paginaFinal" => "488"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718248"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib2"
              "etiqueta" => "2&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Joinpoint regression analysis of lung cancer mortality Andalusia 1975-2000"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Cayuela"
                            1 => "S&#46; Rodr&#237;guez-Dom&#237;nguez"
                            2 => "J&#46;L&#46; L&#243;pez-Campos"
                            3 => "R&#46;O&#46; Candelera"
                            4 => "C&#46;R&#46; Matutes"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Oncol"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "15"
                        "paginaInicial" => "793"
                        "paginaFinal" => "796"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15111349"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib3"
              "etiqueta" => "3&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Preventing the lung cancer epidemic"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Boyle"
                            1 => "C&#46; Dresler"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1093/annonc/mdi328"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Oncol"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "16"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1565"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1566"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16172464"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib4"
              "etiqueta" => "4&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Cancer statistics"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Jemal"
                            1 => "T&#46; Murray"
                            2 => "A&#46; Samuel"
                            3 => "A&#46; Ghafoor"
                            4 => "E&#46; Ward"
                            5 => "M&#46;J&#46; Thun"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "CA Cancer J Clin&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "53"
                        "paginaInicial" => "5"
                        "paginaFinal" => "26"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12568441"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib5"
              "etiqueta" => "5&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Revisions in the International Systems for Staging Lung Cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "C&#46;F&#46; Mountain"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Chest"
                        "fecha" => "1997"
                        "volumen" => "111"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1710"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1717"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9187198"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib6"
              "etiqueta" => "6&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The clonal evolution of tumor cell populations"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "P&#46;C&#46; Nowell"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Science"
                        "fecha" => "1976"
                        "volumen" => "194"
                        "paginaInicial" => "23"
                        "paginaFinal" => "28"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/959840"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib7"
              "etiqueta" => "7&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A genetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "E&#46;R&#46; Fearon"
                            1 => "B&#46; Vogelstein"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cell"
                        "fecha" => "1990"
                        "volumen" => "61"
                        "paginaInicial" => "759"
                        "paginaFinal" => "767"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2188735"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib8"
              "etiqueta" => "8&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "T&#46; Sjoblom"
                            1 => "S&#46; Jones"
                            2 => "L&#46;D&#46; Wood"
                            3 => "D&#46;W&#46; Parsons"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1126/science.1133427"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Science"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "314"
                        "paginaInicial" => "268"
                        "paginaFinal" => "274"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16959974"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib9"
              "etiqueta" => "9&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "American Joint commission for cancer&#46; AJCC Cancer Staging Handbook&#46; 5th ed&#46; Philadelphia&#44; PA&#58; Lippincott-Raven 1998&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib10"
              "etiqueta" => "10&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Detection of oncogene mutations in sputum precedes diagnosis of lung cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "L&#46; Mao"
                            1 => "R&#46;H&#46; Hruban"
                            2 => "J&#46;O&#46; Boyle"
                            3 => "M&#46; Tockman"
                            4 => "D&#46; Sidransky"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cancer Res"
                        "fecha" => "1994"
                        "volumen" => "54"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1634"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1637"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8137272"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib11"
              "etiqueta" => "11&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Detection of K-ras and p53 mutations in sputum samples of lung cancer patients using laser capture microdessection microscope and mutation analysis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Keohavong"
                            1 => "W&#46;-M&#46; Gao"
                            2 => "K&#46;-C&#46; Zheng"
                            3 => "H&#46; Mady"
                            4 => "Q&#46; Lan"
                            5 => "M&#46; Melhaen"
                            6 => "J&#46; Mumford"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Analyt Biochem"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "324"
                        "paginaInicial" => "92"
                        "paginaFinal" => "99"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14654050"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib12"
              "etiqueta" => "12&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Molecular detection of tumor cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with early stage lung cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:11 [
                            0 => "S&#46;A&#46; Ahrendt"
                            1 => "J&#46;T&#46; Chow"
                            2 => "Li-Hua Xu"
                            3 => "S&#46;C&#46; Yang"
                            4 => "C&#46;F&#46; Eisenberger"
                            5 => "M&#46; Esteller"
                            6 => "J&#46;G&#46; Herman"
                            7 => "L&#46; Wu"
                            8 => "A&#46;P&#46; Decker"
                            9 => "J&#46; Jen"
                            10 => "D&#46; Sidransky"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Nat Cancer Inst"
                        "fecha" => "1999"
                        "volumen" => "91"
                        "numero" => "4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "332"
                        "paginaFinal" => "339"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10050866"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            12 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib13"
              "etiqueta" => "13&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Detection by denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis of tumor-specific mutations in biopsies and relative bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from resectable non-small cell lung cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:16 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Ferretti"
                            1 => "G&#46; Curigliano"
                            2 => "U&#46; Pastorino"
                            3 => "A&#46; Cittadini"
                            4 => "G&#46; Eflamini"
                            5 => "M&#46; Grazia"
                            6 => "C&#46;T&#46; De Pas"
                            7 => "L&#46; Orlando"
                            8 => "M&#46; Mandala"
                            9 => "M&#46; Colleoni"
                            10 => "L&#46; Spaggiari"
                            11 => "P&#46;L&#46; Granone"
                            12 => "G&#46; Pagliari"
                            13 => "P&#46; Braud"
                            14 => "N&#46; Fazio"
                            15 => "A&#46; Goldhirsch"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Clin Cancer Res"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "volumen" => "6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "2393"
                        "paginaFinal" => "2400"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10873091"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            13 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib14"
              "etiqueta" => "14&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Loss of Heterozygosity in epithelial cells obtained by bronchial brushing&#58; Clinical utility in lung cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "C&#46;A&#46; Powell"
                            1 => "S&#46; Klares"
                            2 => "G&#46; O&#8217;Connor"
                            3 => "J&#46;S&#46; Brody"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Clin Cancer Res"
                        "fecha" => "1999"
                        "volumen" => "5"
                        "paginaInicial" => "2025"
                        "paginaFinal" => "2034"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10473082"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            14 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib15"
              "etiqueta" => "15&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Analysis and circulating tumor DNA in plasma at diagnosis and during follow- up of lung cancer patients"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:8 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Sozi"
                            1 => "D&#46; Conte"
                            2 => "L&#46; Mariani"
                            3 => "S&#46; Lo Vullo"
                            4 => "L&#46; Roz"
                            5 => "C&#46; Lombardo"
                            6 => "M&#46;A&#46; Pierotti"
                            7 => "L&#46; Tavecchio"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cancer Res"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "volumen" => "61"
                        "paginaInicial" => "4675"
                        "paginaFinal" => "4678"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11406535"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            15 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib16"
              "etiqueta" => "16&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Russell&#46; Molecular Cloning&#58; A Laboratory Manual"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Joseph Sambrook"
                            1 => "W&#46; David"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:4 [
                        "edicion" => "3rd"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "editorial" => "Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "Cold Spring Harbor&#44; NY"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            16 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib17"
              "etiqueta" => "17&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The role of p53 in treatment responses of lung cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "K&#46; Viktorsson"
                            1 => "L&#46;D&#46; Petris"
                            2 => "R&#46; Lewensohn"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.03.192"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Biochem Biophys Res Commun"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "331"
                        "paginaInicial" => "868"
                        "paginaFinal" => "880"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15865943"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            17 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib18"
              "etiqueta" => "18&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Prognostic implications of cell cycle&#44; apoptosis and angiogenesis and biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer&#58; A Review"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Singhal"
                            1 => "A&#46; Vachani"
                            2 => "D&#46; Antin-Ozerkis"
                            3 => "L&#46;R&#46; Kaiser"
                            4 => "S&#46;M&#46; Abelda"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-2661"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Clin Cancer Res"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "11"
                        "numero" => "11"
                        "paginaInicial" => "3974"
                        "paginaFinal" => "3986"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15930332"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            18 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib19"
              "etiqueta" => "19&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Ogawa&#44; Takahashi&#46; Prognostic significance of p53 alterations in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer&#58; a Meta-analysis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "T&#46; Mitsudomi"
                            1 => "N&#46; Hamajima"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Clin Cancer Res"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "volumen" => "6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "4055"
                        "paginaFinal" => "4063"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11051256"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            19 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib20"
              "etiqueta" => "20&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Molecular classification and molecular genetics of human lung cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "M&#46; Meyerson"
                            1 => "W&#46;A&#46; Franklin"
                            2 => "M&#46;J&#46; Kelly"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Sem in Oncol"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "31"
                        "numero" => "1&#59;Suppl 1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "4"
                        "paginaFinal" => "19"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            20 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib21"
              "etiqueta" => "21&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Ferlay J&#44; Bray F&#44; Pisani P&#44; et al&#46; GLOBOCAN 2002&#58; Cancer Incidence&#44; Mortality and Prevalence Worldwide IARC CancerBAse N&#176;&#46; 5&#44; Version 2&#46;0&#46; Lyon&#44; IARCPress&#58; 2004"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            21 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib22"
              "etiqueta" => "22&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Lung cancer mortality in European regions &#40;1955-1997&#41;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [
                            0 => "J&#46;M&#46; Borr&#224;s"
                            1 => "E&#46; Fernandez"
                            2 => "J&#46;R&#46; Gonzalez"
                            3 => "E&#46; Negri"
                            4 => "F&#46; Lucchini"
                            5 => "C&#46; La Vecchia"
                            6 => "F&#46; Levi"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Oncol"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "14"
                        "paginaInicial" => "159"
                        "paginaFinal" => "161"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12488308"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            22 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib23"
              "etiqueta" => "23&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A specific spectrum of p53 Mutations in lung cancer from smokers&#58; Review of mutations Complied in the IARC p53 database"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "T&#46;M&#46; Hernandez-Boussard"
                            1 => "P&#46; Hainaut"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Environmental Heallth Perspecyives"
                        "fecha" => "1998"
                        "volumen" => "106"
                        "numero" => "7"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            23 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib24"
              "etiqueta" => "24&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mutations in the epidermal growth factor and in KRAS are predictive and prognostic indicators in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer treated with chemotherapy alone and in combination with erlotinib"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "D&#46;A&#46; Eberhard"
                            1 => "B&#46;E&#46; Johnson"
                            2 => "L&#46;C&#46; Ameler"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1200/JCO.2005.02.857"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Oncol"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "23"
                        "paginaInicial" => "5900"
                        "paginaFinal" => "5909"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16043828"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            24 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib25"
              "etiqueta" => "25&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Erlotinib in lung cancer &#8211; molecular and clinical predictors of outcome"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "M&#46;S&#46; Tsao"
                            1 => "A&#46; Sakurada"
                            2 => "J&#46;C&#46; Cutz"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "N Eng J Med"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "353"
                        "paginaInicial" => "133"
                        "paginaFinal" => "144"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            25 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib26"
              "etiqueta" => "26&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Molecular assessment of lymph nodes in patients with resected stage I non-small cell lung cancer&#58; Preliminary results of a prospective study"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:10 [
                            0 => "S&#46;A&#46; Ahrendt"
                            1 => "S&#46;C&#46; Yang"
                            2 => "L&#46; Wu"
                            3 => "C&#46;M&#46; Roig"
                            4 => "P&#46; Russell"
                            5 => "W&#46;H&#46; Westra"
                            6 => "J&#46; Jen"
                            7 => "M&#46;V&#46; Brock"
                            8 => "R&#46;F&#46; Heitmiller"
                            9 => "D&#46; Sidransky"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Thorac Cardiovas Surg"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "123"
                        "numero" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "466"
                        "paginaFinal" => "474"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            26 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib27"
              "etiqueta" => "27&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Transforming single DNA molecules into fluorescent magnetic particles for detection and enumeration of genetic variations"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "D&#46; Dressman"
                            1 => "H&#46; Yan"
                            2 => "G&#46; Traverso"
                            3 => "K&#46;W&#46; Kinzler"
                            4 => "B&#46; Vogelstein"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1073/pnas.1133470100"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "100"
                        "paginaInicial" => "8817"
                        "paginaFinal" => "8822"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12857956"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            27 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib28"
              "etiqueta" => "28&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "BEAMing up for detection and quantification of rare sequence variants"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "M&#46; Li"
                            1 => "F&#46; Diehl"
                            2 => "D&#46; Dressman"
                            3 => "B&#46; Vogelstein"
                            4 => "K&#46;W&#46; Kinzler"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1038/nmeth850"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Nat Methods"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "95"
                        "paginaFinal" => "97"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16432518"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            28 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib29"
              "etiqueta" => "29&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "P53 and K-ras mutations are frequent events in microscopically negative surgical margins from patients with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:10 [
                            0 => "J&#46; Jassem"
                            1 => "E&#46; Jassem"
                            2 => "J&#46;J&#46; Bkiewicz-Banecka"
                            3 => "W&#46; Rzyman"
                            4 => "A&#46; Badzio"
                            5 => "R&#46; Dziadziuszko"
                            6 => "G&#46; Kobierska-Gulida"
                            7 => "A&#46; Szymanowska"
                            8 => "M&#46; Skrzypski"
                            9 => "M&#46; Zylicz"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1002/cncr.20191"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cancer"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "100"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1951"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1960"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15112277"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            29 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib30"
              "etiqueta" => "30&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Molecular margin analysis predicts local recurrence after sublobar resection of lung cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:9 [
                            0 => "B&#46;G&#46; Masasyesva"
                            1 => "B&#46;C&#46; Tong"
                            2 => "M&#46;V&#46; Brock"
                            3 => "T&#46; Pilkington"
                            4 => "D&#46; Goldenberg"
                            5 => "D&#46; Sidransky"
                            6 => "S&#46; Harden"
                            7 => "W&#46;H&#46; Westra"
                            8 => "J&#46; Califano"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1002/ijc.20683"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int J Cancer"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "113"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1022"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1025"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15515012"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            30 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib31"
              "etiqueta" => "31&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Application of the p53 and K-ras gene mutation patterns for cytologic diagnosis of recurrent lung carcinomas Combined Analysis with Microdissection and Polymerase Chain Reaction&#8211;Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [
                            0 => "Y&#46; Dai"
                            1 => "Y&#46; Morishita"
                            2 => "K&#46; Mase"
                            3 => "N&#46; Sato"
                            4 => "E&#46; Akaogi"
                            5 => "T&#46; Mitsui"
                            6 => "M&#46; Noguchi"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cancer"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "volumen" => "90"
                        "paginaInicial" => "258"
                        "paginaFinal" => "263"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10966568"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            31 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib32"
              "etiqueta" => "32&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Analysis of BRAF point mutation and RET&#47;PTC rearrangement refines the fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:11 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Salvatore"
                            1 => "R&#46; Giannini"
                            2 => "P&#46; Faviana"
                            3 => "A&#46; Caleo"
                            4 => "I&#46; Migliaccio"
                            5 => "J&#46;A&#46; Fagin"
                            6 => "Y&#46;E&#46; Nikiforov"
                            7 => "G&#46; Troncone"
                            8 => "L&#46; Palombini"
                            9 => "F&#46; Basolo"
                            10 => "M&#46; Santoro"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1210/jc.2003-032221"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Endocrinol Metab"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "89"
                        "paginaInicial" => "5175"
                        "paginaFinal" => "5180"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15472223"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            32 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib33"
              "etiqueta" => "33&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "p53 mutations in pancreatic carcinoma and evidence of common involvement of homocopolymer tracts in DNA microdeletions"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [
                            0 => "M&#46;S&#46; Redston"
                            1 => "C&#46; Caldas"
                            2 => "A&#46;B&#46; Seymour"
                            3 => "R&#46;H&#46; Hruban"
                            4 => "L&#46; da Costa"
                            5 => "C&#46;J&#46; Yeo"
                            6 => "S&#46;E&#46; Kern"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cancer Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1994"
                        "volumen" => "54"
                        "paginaInicial" => "3025"
                        "paginaFinal" => "3033"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8187092"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/21735115/0000001300000001/v1_201305151434/S2173511507703202/v1_201305151434/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "9552"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "en" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Original Article&#47;Artigo Original"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/21735115/0000001300000001/v1_201305151434/S2173511507703202/v1_201305151434/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004E&text.app=https://journalpulmonology.org/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173511507703202?idApp=UINPBA00004E"
]
Share
Journal Information

Statistics

Follow this link to access the full text of the article

Genetic alterations in lung cancer: Assessing limitations in routine clinical use
Alterações genéticas no cancro do pulmão: Avaliação das limitações ao seu uso na rotina clínica
Joana Espiga Macedo1, Ângela M S Costa1,2, Inês A M Barbosa2,3, Sandra Rebelo1,4, Conceição Souto de Moura1,5, Luís Teixeira da Costa2,6, Venceslau Hespanhol1,7
1 Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto / University of Porto Faculty of Medicine
2 IPATIMUP
3 Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto / University of Porto Faculty of Science
4 Serviço de Histologia, Hospital de S. João / Hospital de S. João, Histology Unit
5 Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Hospital de S. João / Hospital de S. João, Anatomic Pathology Unit
6 ICAM, Universidade de Évora / ICAM, University of Évora
7 Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital de S. João / Hospital de S. João, Pulmonolgy Unit
Read
922
Times
was read the article
511
Total PDF
411
Total HTML
Share statistics
 array:24 [
  "pii" => "S2173511507703202"
  "issn" => "21735115"
  "doi" => "10.1016/S2173-5115(07)70320-2"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2007-01-01"
  "aid" => "70320"
  "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2007"
  "documento" => "article"
  "crossmark" => 0
  "licencia" => "http://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/"
  "subdocumento" => "fla"
  "cita" => "Rev Port Pneumol. 2007;13:9-34"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => true
    "ES2" => true
    "LATM" => true
  ]
  "gratuito" => true
  "lecturas" => array:2 [
    "total" => 2838
    "formatos" => array:3 [
      "EPUB" => 208
      "HTML" => 1636
      "PDF" => 994
    ]
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S2173511507703214"
    "issn" => "21735115"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S2173-5115(07)70321-4"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2007-01-01"
    "aid" => "70321"
    "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "licencia" => "http://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Rev Port Pneumol. 2007;13:35-51"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 2798
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 244
        "HTML" => 1383
        "PDF" => 1171
      ]
    ]
    "en" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "titulo" => "Positron emission tomography&#58; Indications in lung cancer &#8211; Prospective experience of a department"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "en"
        1 => "pt"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "35"
          "paginaFinal" => "51"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "pt" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Tomografia emissora de positr&#245;es&#58; Indica&#231;&#245;es no cancro do pulm&#227;o &#8211; Experi&#234;ncia prospectiva de um servi&#231;o"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "en" => true
        "pt" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Diva Ferreira, A Oliveira, A Barroso, A Conde, B Parente"
          "autores" => array:5 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Diva"
              "apellidos" => "Ferreira"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "A"
              "apellidos" => "Oliveira"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "A"
              "apellidos" => "Barroso"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "A"
              "apellidos" => "Conde"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "B"
              "apellidos" => "Parente"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173511507703214?idApp=UINPBA00004E"
    "url" => "/21735115/0000001300000001/v1_201305151434/S2173511507703214/v1_201305151434/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S2173511507703196"
    "issn" => "21735115"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S2173-5115(07)70319-6"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2007-01-01"
    "aid" => "70319"
    "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia"
    "documento" => "simple-article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "licencia" => "http://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "edi"
    "cita" => "Rev Port Pneumol. 2007;13:5-7"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 2240
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 193
        "HTML" => 1026
        "PDF" => 1021
      ]
    ]
    "pt" => array:7 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "titulo" => "Editorial"
      "tienePdf" => "pt"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "5"
          "paginaFinal" => "7"
        ]
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "pt" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Ant&#243;nio Segorbe Lu&#237;s"
          "autores" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Ant&#243;nio"
              "apellidos" => "Segorbe Lu&#237;s"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "pt"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173511507703196?idApp=UINPBA00004E"
    "url" => "/21735115/0000001300000001/v1_201305151434/S2173511507703196/v1_201305151434/pt/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:14 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "titulo" => "Genetic alterations in lung cancer&#58; Assessing limitations in routine clinical use"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "9"
        "paginaFinal" => "34"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:3 [
        "autoresLista" => "Joana Espiga Macedo, &#194;ngela M S Costa, In&#234;s A M Barbosa, Sandra Rebelo, Concei&#231;&#227;o Souto de Moura, Lu&#237;s Teixeira da Costa, Venceslau Hespanhol"
        "autores" => array:7 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Joana"
            "apellidos" => "Espiga Macedo"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "&#194;ngela"
            "apellidos" => "M S Costa"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "In&#234;s A M"
            "apellidos" => "Barbosa"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0015"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Sandra"
            "apellidos" => "Rebelo"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0020"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          4 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Concei&#231;&#227;o Souto"
            "apellidos" => "de Moura"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0025"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          5 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Lu&#237;s Teixeira"
            "apellidos" => "da Costa"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0030"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          6 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Venceslau"
            "apellidos" => "Hespanhol"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0035"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:7 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto &#47; University of Porto Faculty of Medicine"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "IPATIMUP"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff0010"
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias da Universidade do Porto &#47; University of Porto Faculty of Science"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff0015"
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Servi&#231;o de Histologia&#44; Hospital de S&#46; Jo&#227;o &#47; Hospital de S&#46; Jo&#227;o&#44; Histology Unit"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff0020"
          ]
          4 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Servi&#231;o de Anatomia Patol&#243;gica&#44; Hospital de S&#46; Jo&#227;o &#47; Hospital de S&#46; Jo&#227;o&#44; Anatomic Pathology Unit"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff0025"
          ]
          5 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "ICAM&#44; Universidade de &#201;vora &#47; ICAM&#44; University of &#201;vora"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff0030"
          ]
          6 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Servi&#231;o de Pneumologia&#44; Hospital de S&#46; Jo&#227;o &#47; Hospital de S&#46; Jo&#227;o&#44; Pulmonolgy Unit"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff0035"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "pt" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "Altera&#231;&#245;es gen&#233;ticas no cancro do pulm&#227;o&#58; Avalia&#231;&#227;o das limita&#231;&#245;es ao seu uso na rotina cl&#237;nica"
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2006-10-31"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2006-12-12"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Key-words"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec158968"
          "palabras" => array:6 [
            0 => "Cancer"
            1 => "lung"
            2 => "clinical"
            3 => "molecular genetics"
            4 => "mutation"
            5 => "p53"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "pt" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palavras-chave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec158967"
          "palabras" => array:6 [
            0 => "Cancro"
            1 => "pulm&#227;o"
            2 => "cl&#237;nica"
            3 => "gen&#233;tica molecular"
            4 => "muta&#231;&#227;o"
            5 => "p53"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Lung cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer mortality worldwide&#44; responsible for approximately 1&#46;1 million deaths per year&#46; Median survival is short&#44; both as most tumours are diagnosed at an advanced stage and because of the limited efficacy of available treatments&#46; The development of tumour molecular genetics carries the promise of altering this state of affairs&#44; as it should lead to a more precise classification of tumours&#44; identify specific molecular targets for therapy and&#44; above all&#44; allow the development of new methods for early diagnosis&#46; Despite numerous studies demonstrating the usefulness of molecular genetic techniques in the study of lung cancer&#44; its routine clinical use in Portugal has&#44; however&#44; been limited&#46;</p><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In this study&#44; we used a p53 mutation screen in multiple clinical samples from a series of lung cancer patients to attempt to identify the main practical limitations to the integration of molecular genetics in routine clinical practice&#46; Our results suggest that the main limiting factor is the availability of samples with good quality DNA&#59; a problem that could be overcome by alterations in common sample collection and storage procedures&#46;</p>"
      ]
      "pt" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumo"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">O cancro do pulm&#227;o &#233; a causa mais frequente de mortalidade por cancro no mundo&#44; sendo respons&#225;vel por cerca de 1&#44;1 milh&#245;es de mortes por ano&#46; A sobreviv&#234;ncia m&#233;dia dos doentes &#233; geralmente curta&#44; por a doen&#231;a se encontrar em est&#225;dios avan&#231;ados na altura do diagn&#243;stico&#44; mas tamb&#233;m devido &#224; falta de efic&#225;cia dos tratamentos dispon&#237;veis&#46; O advento da gen&#233;tica molecular dos tumores trouxe consigo a possibilidade de modificar esta situa&#231;&#227;o&#44; quer atrav&#233;s do refinamento do diagn&#243;stico&#44; quer da identifica&#231;&#227;o de alvos terap&#234;uticos espec&#237;ficos&#44; quer sobretudo por &#8211; pelo menos em teoria &#8211; permitir o diagn&#243;stico precoce da doen&#231;a&#46; No entanto&#44; e apesar de numerosos trabalhos terem j&#225; demonstrado a utilidade das t&#233;cnicas da gen&#233;tica molecular no estudo do cancro do pulm&#227;o&#44; o seu uso na rotina cl&#237;nica em Portugal tem sido limitado&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">No presente estudo&#44; utilizou-se a pesquisa de muta&#231;&#245;es no anti-oncogene p53 em amostras cl&#237;nicas de doentes com diagn&#243;stico de cancro do pulm&#227;o como m&#233;todo para identificar as dificuldades pr&#225;ticas &#224; integra&#231;&#227;o da gen&#233;tica molecular na rotina cl&#237;nica&#46; Os resultados obtidos sugerem que o principal factor limitante a essa integra&#231;&#227;o &#233; a obten&#231;&#227;o de amostras de ADN de qualidade&#44; um problema que pode ser superado pela altera&#231;&#227;o das pr&#225;ticas correntes de recolha de amostras&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Bibliography&#47;Bibliografia"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:33 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1"
              "etiqueta" => "1&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Cancer incidence and mortality in Europe&#44; 2004"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Boyle"
                            1 => "J&#46; Ferlay"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1093/annonc/mdi098"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Oncol"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "16"
                        "paginaInicial" => "481"
                        "paginaFinal" => "488"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718248"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib2"
              "etiqueta" => "2&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Joinpoint regression analysis of lung cancer mortality Andalusia 1975-2000"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Cayuela"
                            1 => "S&#46; Rodr&#237;guez-Dom&#237;nguez"
                            2 => "J&#46;L&#46; L&#243;pez-Campos"
                            3 => "R&#46;O&#46; Candelera"
                            4 => "C&#46;R&#46; Matutes"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Oncol"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "15"
                        "paginaInicial" => "793"
                        "paginaFinal" => "796"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15111349"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib3"
              "etiqueta" => "3&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Preventing the lung cancer epidemic"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Boyle"
                            1 => "C&#46; Dresler"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1093/annonc/mdi328"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Oncol"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "16"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1565"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1566"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16172464"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib4"
              "etiqueta" => "4&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Cancer statistics"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Jemal"
                            1 => "T&#46; Murray"
                            2 => "A&#46; Samuel"
                            3 => "A&#46; Ghafoor"
                            4 => "E&#46; Ward"
                            5 => "M&#46;J&#46; Thun"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "CA Cancer J Clin&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "53"
                        "paginaInicial" => "5"
                        "paginaFinal" => "26"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12568441"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib5"
              "etiqueta" => "5&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Revisions in the International Systems for Staging Lung Cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "C&#46;F&#46; Mountain"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Chest"
                        "fecha" => "1997"
                        "volumen" => "111"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1710"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1717"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9187198"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib6"
              "etiqueta" => "6&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The clonal evolution of tumor cell populations"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "P&#46;C&#46; Nowell"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Science"
                        "fecha" => "1976"
                        "volumen" => "194"
                        "paginaInicial" => "23"
                        "paginaFinal" => "28"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/959840"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib7"
              "etiqueta" => "7&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A genetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "E&#46;R&#46; Fearon"
                            1 => "B&#46; Vogelstein"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cell"
                        "fecha" => "1990"
                        "volumen" => "61"
                        "paginaInicial" => "759"
                        "paginaFinal" => "767"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2188735"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib8"
              "etiqueta" => "8&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "T&#46; Sjoblom"
                            1 => "S&#46; Jones"
                            2 => "L&#46;D&#46; Wood"
                            3 => "D&#46;W&#46; Parsons"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1126/science.1133427"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Science"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "314"
                        "paginaInicial" => "268"
                        "paginaFinal" => "274"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16959974"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib9"
              "etiqueta" => "9&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "American Joint commission for cancer&#46; AJCC Cancer Staging Handbook&#46; 5th ed&#46; Philadelphia&#44; PA&#58; Lippincott-Raven 1998&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib10"
              "etiqueta" => "10&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Detection of oncogene mutations in sputum precedes diagnosis of lung cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "L&#46; Mao"
                            1 => "R&#46;H&#46; Hruban"
                            2 => "J&#46;O&#46; Boyle"
                            3 => "M&#46; Tockman"
                            4 => "D&#46; Sidransky"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cancer Res"
                        "fecha" => "1994"
                        "volumen" => "54"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1634"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1637"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8137272"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib11"
              "etiqueta" => "11&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Detection of K-ras and p53 mutations in sputum samples of lung cancer patients using laser capture microdessection microscope and mutation analysis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Keohavong"
                            1 => "W&#46;-M&#46; Gao"
                            2 => "K&#46;-C&#46; Zheng"
                            3 => "H&#46; Mady"
                            4 => "Q&#46; Lan"
                            5 => "M&#46; Melhaen"
                            6 => "J&#46; Mumford"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Analyt Biochem"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "324"
                        "paginaInicial" => "92"
                        "paginaFinal" => "99"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14654050"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib12"
              "etiqueta" => "12&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Molecular detection of tumor cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with early stage lung cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:11 [
                            0 => "S&#46;A&#46; Ahrendt"
                            1 => "J&#46;T&#46; Chow"
                            2 => "Li-Hua Xu"
                            3 => "S&#46;C&#46; Yang"
                            4 => "C&#46;F&#46; Eisenberger"
                            5 => "M&#46; Esteller"
                            6 => "J&#46;G&#46; Herman"
                            7 => "L&#46; Wu"
                            8 => "A&#46;P&#46; Decker"
                            9 => "J&#46; Jen"
                            10 => "D&#46; Sidransky"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Nat Cancer Inst"
                        "fecha" => "1999"
                        "volumen" => "91"
                        "numero" => "4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "332"
                        "paginaFinal" => "339"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10050866"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            12 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib13"
              "etiqueta" => "13&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Detection by denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis of tumor-specific mutations in biopsies and relative bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from resectable non-small cell lung cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:16 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Ferretti"
                            1 => "G&#46; Curigliano"
                            2 => "U&#46; Pastorino"
                            3 => "A&#46; Cittadini"
                            4 => "G&#46; Eflamini"
                            5 => "M&#46; Grazia"
                            6 => "C&#46;T&#46; De Pas"
                            7 => "L&#46; Orlando"
                            8 => "M&#46; Mandala"
                            9 => "M&#46; Colleoni"
                            10 => "L&#46; Spaggiari"
                            11 => "P&#46;L&#46; Granone"
                            12 => "G&#46; Pagliari"
                            13 => "P&#46; Braud"
                            14 => "N&#46; Fazio"
                            15 => "A&#46; Goldhirsch"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Clin Cancer Res"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "volumen" => "6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "2393"
                        "paginaFinal" => "2400"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10873091"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            13 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib14"
              "etiqueta" => "14&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Loss of Heterozygosity in epithelial cells obtained by bronchial brushing&#58; Clinical utility in lung cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "C&#46;A&#46; Powell"
                            1 => "S&#46; Klares"
                            2 => "G&#46; O&#8217;Connor"
                            3 => "J&#46;S&#46; Brody"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Clin Cancer Res"
                        "fecha" => "1999"
                        "volumen" => "5"
                        "paginaInicial" => "2025"
                        "paginaFinal" => "2034"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10473082"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            14 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib15"
              "etiqueta" => "15&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Analysis and circulating tumor DNA in plasma at diagnosis and during follow- up of lung cancer patients"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:8 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Sozi"
                            1 => "D&#46; Conte"
                            2 => "L&#46; Mariani"
                            3 => "S&#46; Lo Vullo"
                            4 => "L&#46; Roz"
                            5 => "C&#46; Lombardo"
                            6 => "M&#46;A&#46; Pierotti"
                            7 => "L&#46; Tavecchio"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cancer Res"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "volumen" => "61"
                        "paginaInicial" => "4675"
                        "paginaFinal" => "4678"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11406535"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            15 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib16"
              "etiqueta" => "16&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Russell&#46; Molecular Cloning&#58; A Laboratory Manual"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Joseph Sambrook"
                            1 => "W&#46; David"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:4 [
                        "edicion" => "3rd"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "editorial" => "Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "Cold Spring Harbor&#44; NY"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            16 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib17"
              "etiqueta" => "17&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The role of p53 in treatment responses of lung cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "K&#46; Viktorsson"
                            1 => "L&#46;D&#46; Petris"
                            2 => "R&#46; Lewensohn"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.03.192"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Biochem Biophys Res Commun"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "331"
                        "paginaInicial" => "868"
                        "paginaFinal" => "880"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15865943"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            17 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib18"
              "etiqueta" => "18&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Prognostic implications of cell cycle&#44; apoptosis and angiogenesis and biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer&#58; A Review"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Singhal"
                            1 => "A&#46; Vachani"
                            2 => "D&#46; Antin-Ozerkis"
                            3 => "L&#46;R&#46; Kaiser"
                            4 => "S&#46;M&#46; Abelda"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-2661"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Clin Cancer Res"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "11"
                        "numero" => "11"
                        "paginaInicial" => "3974"
                        "paginaFinal" => "3986"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15930332"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            18 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib19"
              "etiqueta" => "19&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Ogawa&#44; Takahashi&#46; Prognostic significance of p53 alterations in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer&#58; a Meta-analysis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "T&#46; Mitsudomi"
                            1 => "N&#46; Hamajima"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Clin Cancer Res"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "volumen" => "6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "4055"
                        "paginaFinal" => "4063"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11051256"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            19 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib20"
              "etiqueta" => "20&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Molecular classification and molecular genetics of human lung cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "M&#46; Meyerson"
                            1 => "W&#46;A&#46; Franklin"
                            2 => "M&#46;J&#46; Kelly"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Sem in Oncol"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "31"
                        "numero" => "1&#59;Suppl 1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "4"
                        "paginaFinal" => "19"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            20 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib21"
              "etiqueta" => "21&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Ferlay J&#44; Bray F&#44; Pisani P&#44; et al&#46; GLOBOCAN 2002&#58; Cancer Incidence&#44; Mortality and Prevalence Worldwide IARC CancerBAse N&#176;&#46; 5&#44; Version 2&#46;0&#46; Lyon&#44; IARCPress&#58; 2004"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            21 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib22"
              "etiqueta" => "22&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Lung cancer mortality in European regions &#40;1955-1997&#41;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [
                            0 => "J&#46;M&#46; Borr&#224;s"
                            1 => "E&#46; Fernandez"
                            2 => "J&#46;R&#46; Gonzalez"
                            3 => "E&#46; Negri"
                            4 => "F&#46; Lucchini"
                            5 => "C&#46; La Vecchia"
                            6 => "F&#46; Levi"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Oncol"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "14"
                        "paginaInicial" => "159"
                        "paginaFinal" => "161"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12488308"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            22 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib23"
              "etiqueta" => "23&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A specific spectrum of p53 Mutations in lung cancer from smokers&#58; Review of mutations Complied in the IARC p53 database"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "T&#46;M&#46; Hernandez-Boussard"
                            1 => "P&#46; Hainaut"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Environmental Heallth Perspecyives"
                        "fecha" => "1998"
                        "volumen" => "106"
                        "numero" => "7"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            23 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib24"
              "etiqueta" => "24&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mutations in the epidermal growth factor and in KRAS are predictive and prognostic indicators in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer treated with chemotherapy alone and in combination with erlotinib"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "D&#46;A&#46; Eberhard"
                            1 => "B&#46;E&#46; Johnson"
                            2 => "L&#46;C&#46; Ameler"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1200/JCO.2005.02.857"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Oncol"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "23"
                        "paginaInicial" => "5900"
                        "paginaFinal" => "5909"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16043828"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            24 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib25"
              "etiqueta" => "25&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Erlotinib in lung cancer &#8211; molecular and clinical predictors of outcome"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "M&#46;S&#46; Tsao"
                            1 => "A&#46; Sakurada"
                            2 => "J&#46;C&#46; Cutz"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "N Eng J Med"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "353"
                        "paginaInicial" => "133"
                        "paginaFinal" => "144"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            25 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib26"
              "etiqueta" => "26&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Molecular assessment of lymph nodes in patients with resected stage I non-small cell lung cancer&#58; Preliminary results of a prospective study"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:10 [
                            0 => "S&#46;A&#46; Ahrendt"
                            1 => "S&#46;C&#46; Yang"
                            2 => "L&#46; Wu"
                            3 => "C&#46;M&#46; Roig"
                            4 => "P&#46; Russell"
                            5 => "W&#46;H&#46; Westra"
                            6 => "J&#46; Jen"
                            7 => "M&#46;V&#46; Brock"
                            8 => "R&#46;F&#46; Heitmiller"
                            9 => "D&#46; Sidransky"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Thorac Cardiovas Surg"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "123"
                        "numero" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "466"
                        "paginaFinal" => "474"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            26 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib27"
              "etiqueta" => "27&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Transforming single DNA molecules into fluorescent magnetic particles for detection and enumeration of genetic variations"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "D&#46; Dressman"
                            1 => "H&#46; Yan"
                            2 => "G&#46; Traverso"
                            3 => "K&#46;W&#46; Kinzler"
                            4 => "B&#46; Vogelstein"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1073/pnas.1133470100"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "100"
                        "paginaInicial" => "8817"
                        "paginaFinal" => "8822"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12857956"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            27 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib28"
              "etiqueta" => "28&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "BEAMing up for detection and quantification of rare sequence variants"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "M&#46; Li"
                            1 => "F&#46; Diehl"
                            2 => "D&#46; Dressman"
                            3 => "B&#46; Vogelstein"
                            4 => "K&#46;W&#46; Kinzler"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1038/nmeth850"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Nat Methods"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "95"
                        "paginaFinal" => "97"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16432518"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            28 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib29"
              "etiqueta" => "29&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "P53 and K-ras mutations are frequent events in microscopically negative surgical margins from patients with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:10 [
                            0 => "J&#46; Jassem"
                            1 => "E&#46; Jassem"
                            2 => "J&#46;J&#46; Bkiewicz-Banecka"
                            3 => "W&#46; Rzyman"
                            4 => "A&#46; Badzio"
                            5 => "R&#46; Dziadziuszko"
                            6 => "G&#46; Kobierska-Gulida"
                            7 => "A&#46; Szymanowska"
                            8 => "M&#46; Skrzypski"
                            9 => "M&#46; Zylicz"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1002/cncr.20191"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cancer"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "100"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1951"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1960"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15112277"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            29 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib30"
              "etiqueta" => "30&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Molecular margin analysis predicts local recurrence after sublobar resection of lung cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:9 [
                            0 => "B&#46;G&#46; Masasyesva"
                            1 => "B&#46;C&#46; Tong"
                            2 => "M&#46;V&#46; Brock"
                            3 => "T&#46; Pilkington"
                            4 => "D&#46; Goldenberg"
                            5 => "D&#46; Sidransky"
                            6 => "S&#46; Harden"
                            7 => "W&#46;H&#46; Westra"
                            8 => "J&#46; Califano"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1002/ijc.20683"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int J Cancer"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "113"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1022"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1025"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15515012"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            30 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib31"
              "etiqueta" => "31&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Application of the p53 and K-ras gene mutation patterns for cytologic diagnosis of recurrent lung carcinomas Combined Analysis with Microdissection and Polymerase Chain Reaction&#8211;Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [
                            0 => "Y&#46; Dai"
                            1 => "Y&#46; Morishita"
                            2 => "K&#46; Mase"
                            3 => "N&#46; Sato"
                            4 => "E&#46; Akaogi"
                            5 => "T&#46; Mitsui"
                            6 => "M&#46; Noguchi"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cancer"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "volumen" => "90"
                        "paginaInicial" => "258"
                        "paginaFinal" => "263"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10966568"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            31 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib32"
              "etiqueta" => "32&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Analysis of BRAF point mutation and RET&#47;PTC rearrangement refines the fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:11 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Salvatore"
                            1 => "R&#46; Giannini"
                            2 => "P&#46; Faviana"
                            3 => "A&#46; Caleo"
                            4 => "I&#46; Migliaccio"
                            5 => "J&#46;A&#46; Fagin"
                            6 => "Y&#46;E&#46; Nikiforov"
                            7 => "G&#46; Troncone"
                            8 => "L&#46; Palombini"
                            9 => "F&#46; Basolo"
                            10 => "M&#46; Santoro"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1210/jc.2003-032221"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Endocrinol Metab"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "89"
                        "paginaInicial" => "5175"
                        "paginaFinal" => "5180"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15472223"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            32 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib33"
              "etiqueta" => "33&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "p53 mutations in pancreatic carcinoma and evidence of common involvement of homocopolymer tracts in DNA microdeletions"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [
                            0 => "M&#46;S&#46; Redston"
                            1 => "C&#46; Caldas"
                            2 => "A&#46;B&#46; Seymour"
                            3 => "R&#46;H&#46; Hruban"
                            4 => "L&#46; da Costa"
                            5 => "C&#46;J&#46; Yeo"
                            6 => "S&#46;E&#46; Kern"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cancer Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1994"
                        "volumen" => "54"
                        "paginaInicial" => "3025"
                        "paginaFinal" => "3033"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8187092"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/21735115/0000001300000001/v1_201305151434/S2173511507703202/v1_201305151434/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "9552"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "en" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Original Article&#47;Artigo Original"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/21735115/0000001300000001/v1_201305151434/S2173511507703202/v1_201305151434/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004E&text.app=https://journalpulmonology.org/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173511507703202?idApp=UINPBA00004E"
]
Article information
ISSN: 21735115
Original language: English
The statistics are updated each day
Year/Month Html Pdf Total
2024 November 5 8 13
2024 October 31 38 69
2024 September 33 31 64
2024 August 42 50 92
2024 July 36 34 70
2024 June 17 31 48
2024 May 20 23 43
2024 April 18 25 43
2024 March 23 19 42
2024 February 23 22 45
2024 January 19 21 40
2023 December 19 24 43
2023 November 19 25 44
2023 October 13 35 48
2023 September 15 33 48
2023 August 14 18 32
2023 July 15 27 42
2023 June 16 10 26
2023 May 21 29 50
2023 April 12 8 20
Show all

Follow this link to access the full text of the article

Pulmonology

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?