Molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Lisbon
Epidemiologia molecular de Mycobacterium tuberculosis em Lisboa
Isabel Portugal1, Luís Barreiro2, Tiago Vultos2, Rita Macedo3, Cristina Furtado4, António Fonseca Antunes5, Laura Brum6
1 Professora Auxiliar da Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa. Investigadora Visitante de Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Centro de Patogénese Molecular, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. Unidade de Micobactérias, Centro de Bacteriologia, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal / Assistant Professor, Molecular Pathogenesis Centre, University of Lisbon School of Pharmacy. Guest Researcher, Micobacteria Unit, Bacteriology Centre, Dr Ricardo Jorge National Institute of Health, Lisbon, Portugal
2 Licenciado em Engenharia Biotecnológica, Unidade de Micobactérias, Centro de Bacteriologia, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal / BSc, Biotechnological Engineering, Micobacteria Unit, Bacteriology Centre, Dr Ricardo Jorge National Institute of Health, Lisbon, Portugal
3 Licenciada em Química, Ramo de Bioquímica. Aluna de Mestrado em Microbiologia Clínica. Direcção-Geral de Saúde, Lisboa, Portugal / BSc, Chemistry (Biochemistry). Clinical Microbiology MSc student
4 Licenciada em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Aluna de Doutoramento em Epidemiologia da Tuberculose; Unidade de Micobactérias, Centro de Bactereologia, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal / BSc, Pharmaceutical Sciences. Tuberculosis Epidemiology PhD student. Micobacteria Unit, Bacteriology Centre, Dr Ricardo Jorge National Institute of Health, Lisbon, Portugal
5 Direcção-Geral de Saúde, Lisboa, Portugal / Directorate-General for Health
6 Professora Auxiliar Convidada da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Assessora de Bacteriologia do Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal. Unidade de Micobactérias, Centro de Bacteriologia, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal / Guest Assistant Professor, University of Lisbon School of Medical Sciences. Bacteriology Assistant, Micobacteria Unit, Bacteriology Centre, Dr. Ricardo Jorge National Institute of Health, Lisbon, Portugal
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Investigadora Visitante de Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Centro de Patogénese Molecular, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. Unidade de Micobactérias, Centro de Bacteriologia, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal / <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Assistant Professor, Molecular Pathogenesis Centre, University of Lisbon School of Pharmacy. 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Micobacteria Unit, Bacteriology Centre, Dr Ricardo Jorge National Institute of Health, Lisbon, Portugal</span>" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span>" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] 4 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Direcção-Geral de Saúde, Lisboa, Portugal / <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Directorate-General for Health</span>" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span>" "identificador" => "aff0025" ] 5 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Professora Auxiliar Convidada da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Assessora de Bacteriologia do Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal. Unidade de Micobactérias, Centro de Bacteriologia, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal / <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Guest Assistant Professor, University of Lisbon School of Medical Sciences. Bacteriology Assistant, Micobacteria Unit, Bacteriology Centre, Dr. Ricardo Jorge National Institute of Health, Lisbon, Portugal</span>" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span>" "identificador" => "aff0030" ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "pt" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Epidemiologia molecular de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> em Lisboa" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2007-10-08" "fechaAceptado" => "2007-12-17" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key-words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec159479" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span>" 1 => "multidrugresistance" 2 => "molecular epidemiology" ] ] ] "pt" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palavras-chave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec159480" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span>" 1 => "multirresistência" 2 => "epidemiologia molecular" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We conducted a molecular epidemiology study of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> strains isolated from patients in Lisbon hospitals. We used restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) to detect Lisbon family strains and to determine the genetic diversity of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> strains isolated in Lisbon, through identification of the most important risk factors of tuberculosis transmission analysis, with the insertion sequence IS6110 as a probe to fingerprint isolates of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span>. 64.8% of the 290 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> isolates were grouped in clusters. This figure was 60.7% if we excluded strains with five or fewer IS6110 copies. Multidrug-resistance was observed in 4.1% of the strains and they were all in clusters. Forty-five (18.2%) strains were included in the Lisbon family. Considering the relatively high percentage of strains in cluster detected in this study, we believe that active transmission is still taking place in Lisbon. Moreover, clusters of Lisbon strains represent the predominant strains circulating in Lisbon and are still related to drug resistance although presenting a lower percentage than that observed in previous studies.</p>" ] "pt" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumo" "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Foi realizado um estudo de epidemiologia molecular a estirpes de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> isoladas em hospitais de Lisboa. Analisaram-se geneticamente os isolados de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> com o método <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">restriction fragment length polymorphism</span> (RFLP) utilizando a sequência de inserção IS6110 como sonda, com o objectivo de detectar as estirpes da família Lisboa e determinar a diversidade genética das estirpes de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> isoladas em Lisboa, identificando os mais importantes factores de risco de transmissão da tuberculose.</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Foram analisados 290 isolados de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mycobacterium tuberculosis,</span> dos quais 64,8% se encontraram agrupados em <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">clusters;</span> mesmo excluindo as estirpes que apresentaram mais de 5 cópias de IS6110, a percentagem de agrupamento foi de 60,7%. A multirresistência foi observada em 4,1% das estirpes e encontraram-se todas em <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">clusters</span>. Quarenta e cinco isolados (18,2%) pertenciam à família Lisboa. Considerando a percentagem relativamente alta de estirpes em <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">cluster</span> detectada neste estudo, cremos que a transmissão activa continua a ser uma realidade em Lisboa. Para além disso, as estirpes dos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">clusters</span> Lisboa representam as estirpes predominantes que circulam em Lisboa. continuando muito relacionadas com a resistência aos antibacilares, embora correspondam a uma percentagem inferior à verificada em estudos anteriores.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliography/Bibliografia" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:25 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1." 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