The role of infection in asthma
Infecção na modulaçâo da asma
J. Pinto Mendes
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"apellidos" => "Tavares de Mattos" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Adriana" "apellidos" => "da Silva Touça" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Gilberto" "apellidos" => "Perez Cardoso" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173511508702963?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/21735115/0000001400000005/v1_201305151459/S2173511508702963/v1_201305151459/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:15 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "The role of infection in asthma" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "647" "paginaFinal" => "675" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "J. Pinto Mendes" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Pinto Mendes" ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "pt" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Infecção na modulaçâo da asma" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2008-05-23" "fechaAceptado" => "2008-07-08" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key-words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec159747" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Asthma and infection" 1 => "asthma and virus" 2 => "endotoxins" ] ] ] "pt" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palavras-chave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec159748" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Asma e infecção" 1 => "asma e vírus" 2 => "endotoxinas" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This paper reviews the impact of infections on the onset and clinical course of bronchial asthma. A just emphasis is given to the role viral infections, particularly rhinovirus infections, play in exacerbations, and that played by respiratory syncytial virus, suspected of triggering the asthmatic syndrome. The mechanisms of the immune response to virus attacks are explained, highlighting the asthmatic and allergic patient's weakened response, particularly in the perinatal period. Further stressed is a potentiating effect of viral aggression on the allergic response. The hygiene hypothesis and its lack of scientific consistency is detailed, at least as far as the role it seeks to confer on an unproven antagonism of the Th<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span> and Th<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> lymphocyte responses. The current importance of research not into bacteria, but into bacterial products, including endotoxins, on the modulation of asthma and allergy is noted. Studies which, along these lines, show an environmental impact on genetic secretion in the phenotype are underlined. Also discussed in passing are several mechanisms which go towards explaining neutrophilic asthma – for many a contradiction, given eosinophilia's stranglehold on asthmatic inflammation.</p>" ] "pt" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumo" "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Faz-se uma revisão da influência das infecções no aparecimento e na clínica da asma brônquica. Dá-se o relevo que merece à intervenção virusal, sobretudo ao rinovírus, pela sua influência nas exacerbações, e ao vírus sincicial respiratório, sobre o qual recai a suspeita de poder ser causa determinante no aparecimento da síndroma asmática. Tentam-se esclarecer os mecanismos da resposta imune à agressão virusal em função das debilidades da resposta do asmático e do atópico, sobretudo no período perinatal, salientando-se, ainda, um efeito de potenciação da agressão virusal sobre a resposta atópica. Aborda-se a hipótese higiénica e a sua falta de consistência científica, pelo menos no papel que pretende atribuir a um não demonstrado antagonismo das respostas linfocitárias Th<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span> e Th<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>, apontando-se a importância actual da investigação, não das bactérias mas dos produtos bacterianos, como as endotoxinas, na modulação da asma e da atopia, dando-se relevo aos estudos que, a partir deste modelo, demonstram uma influência do ambiente na secreção génica e, consequentemente, no fenótipo. Invocam-se, nas entrelinhas, vários mecanismos que podem explicar a asma neutrofílica que, para muitos, é um paradoxo perante o consagrado domínio do eosinófilo na inflamação asmática.</p>" ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">Trabalho apresentado no XXIII Congresso de Pneumologia da SPP – Guarda, Novembro 2007 / <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Paper presented at the XXIII Congresso de Pneumologia da SPP / PSP Pulmonology Congress, Guarda, November 2007</span>.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliography/Bibliografia" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:114 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1." 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