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        "titulo" => "Exposi&#231;&#227;o das crian&#231;as ao fumo ambiental do tabaco &#40;FAT&#41;&#46; Avalia&#231;&#227;o de uma interven&#231;&#227;o preventiva"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Aims</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To evaluate the effectiveness of the preventative programme &#8220;Smoke-free Homes&#8221; undertaken in 4<span class="elsevierStyleSup">th</span> year children and their parents or guardians&#44; aiming to reduce children&#39;s exposure to second hand smoke &#40;SHS&#41; in the home&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This was a pre-and post-test pre-experimental study&#44; in students from 32 Braga district primary schools 2007&#47;08&#46; A self-administered and structured questionnaire was given out to 795 students in the classroom before and after the programme&#46; In analysing data&#44; we used the chi-squared test for the categorical variables&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The rate of children exposed to regular or occasional SHS due to living with at least one smoker dropped from 42&#46;2&#37; to 32&#46;6&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;001&#41;&#46; The percentage of students&#44; children of smokers who stated that their father smoked regularly or occasionally at home&#44; dropped from 68&#46;0&#37; pre-test to 51&#46;6&#37; posttest &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;000&#41;&#46; No significant reduction was seen in mothers&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Based on the data&#44; we can conclude that the &#8220;Smoke-free Homes&#8221; programme was effective in preventing smoking in the home&#44; and therefore reducing the rate of children exposed to SHS by about 10&#37;&#46; However&#44; it appears that about a third of children are still exposed&#44; which highlights the need for further measures in this area&#46; Healthcare professionals&#44; particularly those working in Paediatrics&#44; should advise parents to quit smoking&#44; especially in the home&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectivo</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Avaliar a efic&#225;cia de uma interven&#231;&#227;o preventiva&#44; dirigida a alunos do 4&#46;&#176; ano de escolaridade e aos seus pais&#47;encarregados de educa&#231;&#227;o&#44; com a finalidade de reduzir a exposi&#231;&#227;o das crian&#231;as ao fumo ambiental do tabaco &#40;FAT&#41; no domic&#237;lio&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material e m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Trata-se de um estudo pr&#233;-experimental&#44; do tipo pr&#233;-teste e p&#243;s-teste&#44; com alunos pertencentes a 32 escolas do 1&#46;&#176; ciclo do ensino b&#225;sico&#44; de cinco agrupamentos de escolas do concelho de Braga&#44; no ano lectivo 2007&#47;08&#46; Foi aplicado um question&#225;rio de autorrelato&#44; em contexto de sala de aula&#44; antes e depois da interven&#231;&#227;o&#46; Na an&#225;lise de dados&#44; foi utilizado o qui-quadrado&#44; por se tratarem de vari&#225;veis de categoria&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A preval&#234;ncia de crian&#231;as expostas di&#225;ria ou ocasionalmente ao FAT&#44; pelo facto de pelo menos um dos conviventes fumar em casa&#44; desceu dos 42&#44;2&#37; para os 32&#44;6&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; A percentagem de alunos&#44; filhos de fumadores&#44; que percepcionam que o pai fuma di&#225;ria ou ocasionalmente em casa baixou de 68&#44;0&#37; no pr&#233;-teste para 51&#44;6&#37; no p&#243;s-teste &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; Em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224;s m&#227;es&#44; n&#227;o houve uma redu&#231;&#227;o estatisticamente significativa&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">O Programa Domic&#237;lios Sem Fumo ter&#225; sido eficaz em prevenir o consumo dos pais e outros conviventes em casa&#44; tendo por isso ajudado a reduzir a preval&#234;ncia de crian&#231;as expostas ao fumo ambiental&#46; No entanto&#44; verifica-se que ainda h&#225; cerca de um ter&#231;o de crian&#231;as expostas&#44; o que releva a necessidade de investimento em interven&#231;&#245;es nesta &#225;rea&#46; Os profissionais de sa&#250;de&#44; em especial os pediatras&#44; devem aconselhar os pais a parar de fumar&#44; sobretudo em casa&#46;</p>"
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Second hand smoke (SHS) exposure in children. An evaluation of a preventative measure
Exposição das crianças ao fumo ambiental do tabaco (FAT). Avaliação de uma intervenção preventiva
José Precioso1, Catarina Samorinha2, José Manuel Calheiros3, Manuel Macedo4, Henedina Antunes5, Hugo Campos6
1 Professor Auxiliar no Departamento de Metodologias da Educação, do Instituto de Educação e Psicologia da Universidade do Minho/Assistant Professor, Department of Education Methodology, Institute of Education and Psychology, Universidade do Minho
2 Bolseira de Investigação no Departamento de Educação da Universidade do Minho/Research grant holder, Department of Education, Universidade do Minho
3 Professor Catedrático na Escola de Ciências da Saúde, da Universidade da Beira Interior/Cathedratic Professor, School of Health Sciences, Universidade da Beira Interior
4 Médico Pneumologista no Hospital de S. Marcos, Braga/Pulmonology Physician, Hospital de S. Marcos, Braga
5 Médica Pediatra no Hospital de S. Marcos, Braga/Paediatic Physician, Hospital de S. Marcos, Braga
6 Mestre no Instituto de Educação e Psicologia da Universidade do Minho/MD, Instituto de Educação e Psicologia, University of Minho
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Aims</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To evaluate the effectiveness of the preventative programme &#8220;Smoke-free Homes&#8221; undertaken in 4<span class="elsevierStyleSup">th</span> year children and their parents or guardians&#44; aiming to reduce children&#39;s exposure to second hand smoke &#40;SHS&#41; in the home&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This was a pre-and post-test pre-experimental study&#44; in students from 32 Braga district primary schools 2007&#47;08&#46; A self-administered and structured questionnaire was given out to 795 students in the classroom before and after the programme&#46; In analysing data&#44; we used the chi-squared test for the categorical variables&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The rate of children exposed to regular or occasional SHS due to living with at least one smoker dropped from 42&#46;2&#37; to 32&#46;6&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;001&#41;&#46; The percentage of students&#44; children of smokers who stated that their father smoked regularly or occasionally at home&#44; dropped from 68&#46;0&#37; pre-test to 51&#46;6&#37; posttest &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;000&#41;&#46; No significant reduction was seen in mothers&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Based on the data&#44; we can conclude that the &#8220;Smoke-free Homes&#8221; programme was effective in preventing smoking in the home&#44; and therefore reducing the rate of children exposed to SHS by about 10&#37;&#46; However&#44; it appears that about a third of children are still exposed&#44; which highlights the need for further measures in this area&#46; Healthcare professionals&#44; particularly those working in Paediatrics&#44; should advise parents to quit smoking&#44; especially in the home&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectivo</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Avaliar a efic&#225;cia de uma interven&#231;&#227;o preventiva&#44; dirigida a alunos do 4&#46;&#176; ano de escolaridade e aos seus pais&#47;encarregados de educa&#231;&#227;o&#44; com a finalidade de reduzir a exposi&#231;&#227;o das crian&#231;as ao fumo ambiental do tabaco &#40;FAT&#41; no domic&#237;lio&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material e m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Trata-se de um estudo pr&#233;-experimental&#44; do tipo pr&#233;-teste e p&#243;s-teste&#44; com alunos pertencentes a 32 escolas do 1&#46;&#176; ciclo do ensino b&#225;sico&#44; de cinco agrupamentos de escolas do concelho de Braga&#44; no ano lectivo 2007&#47;08&#46; Foi aplicado um question&#225;rio de autorrelato&#44; em contexto de sala de aula&#44; antes e depois da interven&#231;&#227;o&#46; Na an&#225;lise de dados&#44; foi utilizado o qui-quadrado&#44; por se tratarem de vari&#225;veis de categoria&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A preval&#234;ncia de crian&#231;as expostas di&#225;ria ou ocasionalmente ao FAT&#44; pelo facto de pelo menos um dos conviventes fumar em casa&#44; desceu dos 42&#44;2&#37; para os 32&#44;6&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; A percentagem de alunos&#44; filhos de fumadores&#44; que percepcionam que o pai fuma di&#225;ria ou ocasionalmente em casa baixou de 68&#44;0&#37; no pr&#233;-teste para 51&#44;6&#37; no p&#243;s-teste &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; Em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224;s m&#227;es&#44; n&#227;o houve uma redu&#231;&#227;o estatisticamente significativa&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">O Programa Domic&#237;lios Sem Fumo ter&#225; sido eficaz em prevenir o consumo dos pais e outros conviventes em casa&#44; tendo por isso ajudado a reduzir a preval&#234;ncia de crian&#231;as expostas ao fumo ambiental&#46; No entanto&#44; verifica-se que ainda h&#225; cerca de um ter&#231;o de crian&#231;as expostas&#44; o que releva a necessidade de investimento em interven&#231;&#245;es nesta &#225;rea&#46; Os profissionais de sa&#250;de&#44; em especial os pediatras&#44; devem aconselhar os pais a parar de fumar&#44; sobretudo em casa&#46;</p>"
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ISSN: 21735115
Original language: English
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