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class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Assistente Convidado de Imagiologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidade de Técnicas Invasivas Pneumológicas, Departamento de Pneumologia, Hospital de Pulido Valente, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Serviço Universitário de Radiologia, Hospital de Pulido Valente, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">**</span>" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Ultrasound in chest disease" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2009-07-10" "fechaAceptado" => "2010-01-07" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "pt" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palavras-chave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec160906" "palabras" => array:7 [ 0 => "Ecografia" 1 => "ultra-sonografia" 2 => "tórax" 3 => "pleura" 4 => "doenças pulmonares" 5 => "derrame pleural" 6 => "cancro do pulmão" ] ] ] "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key-words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec160907" "palabras" => array:8 [ 0 => "Ultrasound" 1 => "sonography" 2 => "chest" 3 => "thorax" 4 => "pleura" 5 => "lung diseases" 6 => "pleural effusion" 7 => "lung cancer" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "pt" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumo" "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Nos últimos anos a ecografia torácica tem vindo a ser reconhecida como um instrumento de extrema importância para os pneumologistas. Actualmente, os equipamentos são práticos, portáteis, de fácil utilização e fidedignos, o que os torna apropriados para utilização no diagnóstico e orientação de procedimentos terapêuticos.</p><p id="spar0110" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Na avaliação de derrame pleural e condução de toracentese são necessárias competências técnicas básicas em ultra-sonografia. Procedimentos mais complexos devem ser realizados perante treino específico e incluem a colocação de dreno torácico e identificação com eventual biopsia de lesões torácicas.</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Os autores procuram abordar, de um ponto de vista prático, a técnica e os recentes avanços alcançados neste campo. São apresentados alguns casos clínicos no sentido de ilustrar e guiar aqueles que desejam iniciar a realização de ecografia do tórax.</p>" ] "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In the past few years transthoracic ultrasound has been recognized as an important tool for chest physicians. At present, ultrasound devices are practical, portable, easy to use and reliable, which makes them suited for diagnostic investigations as well as for therapeutic procedures guidance.</p><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Basic ultrasound technical expertise is required to assess pleural effusions and perform ultrasound-guided thoracentesis. More complex procedures can be done with specific training and include assistance to chest drain insertion and identification with potential biopsy of thoracic lesions.</p><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The authors aim to review, in a practical approach, the technique and recent developments in this field. Clinical cases are presented in order to illustrate and guide the beginner in chest ultrasound.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografia" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:41 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "European curriculum for training in adult respiratory medicine: 2nd Report of the ERS HERMES Task Force" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "R. Loddenkemper" 1 => "P.L. Haslam" 2 => "T. 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