Intensity of exercise in people with COPD enrolled in community-based physical activities

array:23 ["pii" => "S253104372300199X" "issn" => "25310437" "doi" => "10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.11.001" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-11-01" "aid" => "1923" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia" "copyrightAnyo" => "2023" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "cor" "cita" => "Pulmonol. 2024;30:642-5" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S2531043724000114" "issn" => "25310437" "doi" => "10.1016/j.pulmoe.2024.01.006" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-11-01" "aid" => "1943" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "cor" "cita" => "Pulmonol. 2024;30:646-7" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:9 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Letter to the Editor" "titulo" => "The Brompton breathing pattern assessment tool (BPAT): Portuguese translation and cultural adaptation" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "646" "paginaFinal" => "647" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "R. Vilarinho, C. Ribeiro, V. Abreu, S. Souto-Miranda, F. Silva, C. Jácome" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Vilarinho" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Ribeiro" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "V." "apellidos" => "Abreu" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Souto-Miranda" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F." "apellidos" => "Silva" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Jácome" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2531043724000114?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/25310437/0000003000000006/v1_202411040635/S2531043724000114/v1_202411040635/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S2531043724000424" "issn" => "25310437" "doi" => "10.1016/j.pulmoe.2024.03.002" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-11-01" "aid" => "1955" "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "cor" "cita" => "Pulmonol. 2024;30:639-41" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Letter to the Editor" "titulo" => "Complete response to mTOR inhibitor following JAKi failure in severe pulmonary sarcoidosis" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "639" "paginaFinal" => "641" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0001" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 3689 "Ancho" => 3167 "Tamanyo" => 939281 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "alt0001" "detalle" => "Fig " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Patient evolution before and after JAKi (Tofacitinib) and mTOR inhibitor (Sirolimus). Evolution of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) before (A) and after JAKi (Tofacitinib) for 21 months with a complete thoracic, skin, bone, and splenic response (B), or 30 months with a node, skin, lung and splenic relapse (C) or mTOR inhibitor (Sirolimus) for 7 months with a complete multi-organ response (D) after JAKi arrest. P-STAT1 (E), P-STAT3 (F), PSTAT5 (G), P- mTOR (H), P-4E-BP1 (I) and P-P70S6 kinase (J) expression were assayed by immunohistochemistry in serial sections of an archived skin biopsy from the sarcoidosis patient. mTORC1 phosphorylates downstream p70S6 Kinase 1 and modulates the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein (4E-BP1), both promoting several cellular processes such as cell proliferation, activation, and survival." ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "R. Hindré, V. Besnard, F. Kort, H. Nunes, D. Valeyre, F. Jeny" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Hindré" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "V." "apellidos" => "Besnard" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F." "apellidos" => "Kort" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "H." "apellidos" => "Nunes" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "D." "apellidos" => "Valeyre" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F." "apellidos" => "Jeny" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2531043724000424?idApp=UINPBA00004E" "url" => "/25310437/0000003000000006/v1_202411040635/S2531043724000424/v1_202411040635/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:17 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Letter to the Editor" "titulo" => "Intensity of exercise in people with COPD enrolled in community-based physical activities" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "642" "paginaFinal" => "645" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "P. Rebelo, A. Teixeira, R. Pinto, C. Santos, D. Brooks, A. Marques" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "P." "apellidos" => "Rebelo" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0001" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0002" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Teixeira" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0003" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Pinto" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0003" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Santos" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0003" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "D." "apellidos" => "Brooks" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "d" "identificador" => "aff0004" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "e" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 5 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Marques" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "amarques@ua.pt" ] "referencia" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0001" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0002" ] 2 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0001" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Lab3R – Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0001" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "iBiMED - Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0002" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "City council of Estarreja, Sports division, Estarreja, Portugal" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0003" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada" "etiqueta" => "d" "identificador" => "aff0004" ] 4 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada" "etiqueta" => "e" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0001" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author:" ] ] ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0001" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 984 "Ancho" => 3500 "Tamanyo" => 160861 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "alt0002" "detalle" => "Fig 1&#58" "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Intensity level of community-based physical activities (senior exercise classes [n = 12], gym [n = 10], and pool exercises classes [n = 8]) in people with COPD. Bar graphs represent the sum of the intensity results, i.e., sum of the number of participants categorized within each intensity level (light, moderate and vigorous), according to the four intensity criteria (METs, maximal heart rate percentage predicted [mean values] and dyspnoea and fatigue Borg scores). For each community-based physical activity modality, the total possible sum of intensity results was obtained by multiplying the number of participants by the number of intensity criteria used (senior exercise classes: 12×4 = 48; gym: 10×4 = 40; and pool exercise classes: 8 × 3 = 24). Due to technical problems, METs were missing in two participants of the senior exercise classes (46 intensity results) and in one participant integrating gym (39 intensity results). Within each coloured rectangle are represented the number of participants categorized according to that intensity criteria in that physical activity intensity level (e.g., within the 12 participants included in the senior exercise classes, according to the Borg dyspnoea criteria [light green], 10 fell within the moderate intensity level and 2 within the light intensity level). Graphs should be read as follows, e.g., in the pool exercise classes, within the 24 intensity results obtained, 18 (6 + 8 + 4) fell within the moderate intensity level, 4 (2 + 2) within the light intensity level and 2 within the vigorous intensity level. Legend: HRmax %predicted: maximum HR percentage predicted; METs – metabolic equivalent tasks." ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "Maintaining the benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in the long-term is challenging.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0001">1</a> Community-based physical activity (PA) programmes have emerged as promising strategies to extend these benefits, accommodating different PA facilitators (e.g., supervision, peer support, accessibility, or adequate equipment/infrastructures).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0002">2-4</a> In addition, community-based PA programmes enable individuals to integrate PA modalities according to their preferences and needs. Nevertheless, community-based PAs should be safe and of at least moderate intensity to align with the PA guidelines.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">5</a>We examined safety and the intensity level of different community-based PAs in people with COPD who had completed a PR programme.This observational cross-sectional study, part of two larger trials (PICk UP - NCT04223362, CENTR(AR) - NCT04711057), was approved by the Ethics Committees of Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga (Ref.15–05–2019), Unidade Investigação em Ciências da Saúde – Enfermagem (Ref.P620–10/2019), and Administração Regional de Saúde do Centro (Ref.16/2020). All participants provided informed consent. Privacy policy followed the European Union General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679.People with stable COPD with a positive risk-benefit analysis (the PA attributes aligned with their characteristics and needs) conducted by the healthcare professionals, who advised their inclusion in community-based PAs, were recruited from five community-based PR programmes. Further details regarding the risk-benefit analysis are provided within the supplementary material. Participants were given a list of available PAs (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0001">Table 1</a> of the supplementary material) and could select those they wanted to try.<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0001"></elsevierMultimedia>Intensity and safety of the community-based PAs were assessed based on data collected from a single exercise session. Heart rate (HR, Polar H10) and percentage of peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2, WristOx2®3150) were continuously monitored during the community-based PAs. Participants’ perception of dyspnoea and overall fatigue were assessed every 20-minutes with the modified Borg 0–10 scale. PAs Metabolic Equivalent Tasks’ (METs) were estimated using a SenseWear Armband worn by participants during the entire exercise sessions. Due to equipment constraints SenseWear was not used during pool exercise classes.Intensity of community-based PAs was determined based on four criteria:<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="celist0001"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem0001">i.METs: light≤2.9; 3≤moderate≤5.9; vigorous≥6.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0006">6</a></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem0002">ii.maximal HR percentage predicted (HRmax%predicted): light≤63; 64≤moderate≤76. vigorous≥77,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0006">6</a> using averaged values collected every 1-second; HRmaxpredicted=220-age.</li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem0003">iii.iii-iv) dyspnoea and fatigue Borg scores: light≤2; 3≤moderate≤6; vigorous≥7,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0006">6</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0007">7</a> using averaged scores collected every 20 min.</li></ul>The final PA intensity level was obtained by summing the number of participants categorized within each intensity level (light, moderate and vigorous) according to the four intensity criteria (equally weighted). Safety of community-based PAs was assessed based on SpO2 and HRmax%predicted. Average and minimum values of SpO2, and average and maximum values of HRmax%predicted were computed for each participant during PAs. Occurrences of SpO2<88 %, HRmax%predicted>85 % or any adverse events during the PAs were registered.Descriptive analyses were conducted. For intensity criteria, absolute frequencies were used and summation presented in bar plots. For safety criteria, mean and 95 % confidence intervals [CI] were displayed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS v.29.0.0.0 and graphs were created using GraphPad Prism 6.Thirty-two individuals were recruited for this study and 21 agreed to participate. Within these, twelve participants attended senior exercise classes, 10 the gym, and eight pool exercise classes. Participants’ characteristics are presented in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0001">Table 1</a>.All community-based PAs were classified as moderate intensity (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0001">Fig. 1</a>). During gym, one participant desaturated below 88 %, reaching a minimum of 86 % but recovered within one minute. The 85 % of the HRmax%predicted threshold was surpassed by two participants at the gym (during 58 and 106 s reaching maximum HRmax%predicted of 94 and 89 %, respectively) and by two participants at the senior exercise classes (during 22 and 160 s reaching maximum HRmax%predicted of 88 and 91 %, respectively). No adverse events were registered, however, due to fatigue one participant had to rest once during gym (two minutes) and twice during the senior exercise class (one and two minutes). Intensity and safety criteria results are presented in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0001">Table 1</a>.<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0001"></elsevierMultimedia>Senior, gym and pool exercise classes seem to be safe and of moderate intensity for people with COPD.Previous studies have found that similar structured senior, gym, or pool exercise classes were safe,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0008">8</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0009">9</a> with comparable intensity levels reported for aquatic exercises.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0008">8</a>Some limitations must be recognized. This was a secondary analysis of larger trials, and no sample size calculation was previously conducted. Our sample included mainly elderly, overweight males with moderate COPD severity and a lower risk of exacerbations. Intensity of PA is influenced by all these individual factors.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010">10</a> Additionally, participants were recruited from community-based PR programmes, thus, our results may not be valid for people with COPD recruited from hospital-based programmes, as the disease severity and complexity are likely to differ.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0011">11</a> Although three relative intensity criteria were used, future studies with larger and more heterogenous samples are needed. Pooling PA intensity by using different criteria is a strength of this study, as formal guidance on how to assess intensity of community-based PAs is still lacking.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0012">12</a> To the best of our best knowledge this was the first study assessing intensity of different community-based PA modalities in COPD, in real world settings.Following PR, based on a careful patient selection, healthcare professionals can now advise people with COPD to integrate gym, senior or pool exercise classes, as these seem to be safe, of moderate intensity, and may enhance long-term maintenance of PR benefits.CRediT authorship contribution statementP.R., D.B. and A.M. - conceptualization; P.R., A.T., R.P. and C.S. - data curation; P.R., D.B. and A.M. - formal analyses, investigation and methodology; AM and PR – funding acquisition; AM – Project administration; AM and DB – Supervision; PR – Writing - original draft; P.R., A.T., R.P., C.S., DB and AM – Writing review and editing.Data availability statementData are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author." "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0001" "titulo" => "CRediT authorship contribution statement" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0002" "titulo" => "Data availability statement" ] 2 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2023-07-11" "fechaAceptado" => "2023-11-02" "apendice" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "apendice" => "<elsevierMultimedia ident="ecom0001"></elsevierMultimedia>" "etiqueta" => "Appendix" "titulo" => "Supplementary materials" "identificador" => "sec0006" ] ] ] ] "multimedia" => array:3 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0001" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 984 "Ancho" => 3500 "Tamanyo" => 160861 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "alt0002" "detalle" => "Fig 1&#58" "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Intensity level of community-based physical activities (senior exercise classes [n = 12], gym [n = 10], and pool exercises classes [n = 8]) in people with COPD. Bar graphs represent the sum of the intensity results, i.e., sum of the number of participants categorized within each intensity level (light, moderate and vigorous), according to the four intensity criteria (METs, maximal heart rate percentage predicted [mean values] and dyspnoea and fatigue Borg scores). For each community-based physical activity modality, the total possible sum of intensity results was obtained by multiplying the number of participants by the number of intensity criteria used (senior exercise classes: 12×4 = 48; gym: 10×4 = 40; and pool exercise classes: 8 × 3 = 24). Due to technical problems, METs were missing in two participants of the senior exercise classes (46 intensity results) and in one participant integrating gym (39 intensity results). Within each coloured rectangle are represented the number of participants categorized according to that intensity criteria in that physical activity intensity level (e.g., within the 12 participants included in the senior exercise classes, according to the Borg dyspnoea criteria [light green], 10 fell within the moderate intensity level and 2 within the light intensity level). Graphs should be read as follows, e.g., in the pool exercise classes, within the 24 intensity results obtained, 18 (6 + 8 + 4) fell within the moderate intensity level, 4 (2 + 2) within the light intensity level and 2 within the vigorous intensity level. Legend: HRmax %predicted: maximum HR percentage predicted; METs – metabolic equivalent tasks." ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0001" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "alt0001" "detalle" => "Table 1&#58" "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "Values are presented as n (%), mean±standard deviation or median [interquartile range], unless otherwise stated. Due to technical problems, metabolic equivalent tasks were missing in two participants of the senior exercise classes and in one participant integrating gym.Legend: BMI: body mass index; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second; GOLD: Global Initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease; HRmax%predicted: maximum HR percentage predicted; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid; LABA: long-acting beta-agonists; LAMA: long-acting muscarinic antagonist; LRTA: leukotriene receptor antagonist; METs – metabolic equivalent tasks; SABA: short-acting beta-agonists; SAMA: short-acting muscarinic antagonist; SpO2: percentage of peripheral oxygen saturation." "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0001"></a><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0002"></a><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Senior exercise class (n = 12) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0003"></a><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Gym (n = 10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0004"></a><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Pool exercise class (n = 8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0005"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Age, years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0006"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">71.2 ± 8.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0007"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">69.6 ± 9.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0008"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">69.5 ± 8.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0009"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Sex, male, n (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0010"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">8 (66.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0011"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">10 (100) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0012"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">6 (75) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0013"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">BMI, kg/m2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0014"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">29.7 ± 6.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0015"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">31.4 ± 7.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0016"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">32.2 ± 6.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0017"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Smoking status, current/ former/ never, % \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0018"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0/ 75 /25 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0019"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">10/ 90/ 0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0020"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0/ 75/ 25 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0021"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Packs/year \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0022"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">29.3 ± 19.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0023"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">33.6 ± 24.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0024"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">36.8 ± 18.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0025"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">FEV1, L/ %predicted \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0026"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1.4 ± 0.5/ 54.1 ± 12 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0027"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1.5 ± 0.6/ 55.3 ± 19.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0028"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1.3 ± 0.4/ 52.1 ± 16.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0029"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">GOLD grades 1/ 2/ 3/ 4, % \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0030"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0 / 66.7/ 33.3/ 0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0031"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">10/ 40/ 40/ 10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0032"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">12.5/ 50/ 25/ 12.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0033"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">GOLD groups A/ B/ E, % \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0034"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">25/ 75/ 0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0035"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">40/ 60/ 0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0036"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">37.5/ 62.5/ 0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0037"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Charlson Comorbidity IndexMild/ moderate/ severe, % \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0038"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">4 [3; 5]0/ 66.7/ 33.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0039"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">4 [3; 5]10/ 60/ 30 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0040"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">4.5 [3; 5]0/ 50/ 50 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0041"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Medication, n (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0042"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0043"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0044"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0045"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">SABA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0046"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0047"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0048"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0049"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">SAMA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0050"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0051"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0052"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0053"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">LABA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0054"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">2 (16.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0055"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0056"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0057"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">LAMA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0058"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">2 (16.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0059"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">2 (20) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0060"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0061"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">LAMA + LABA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0062"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">6 (50) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0063"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">4 (40) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0064"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">5 (62.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0065"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">ICS \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0066"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1 (8.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0067"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1 (10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0068"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1 (12.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0069"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">ICS + LABA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0070"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1 (8.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0071"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">2 (20) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0072"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1 (12.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0073"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">ICS + LABA + LAMA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0074"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">3 (25) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0075"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1 (10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0076"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1 (12.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0077"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">LTRA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0078"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1 (8.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0079"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">2 (20) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0080"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0081"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Xanthines \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0082"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0083"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1 (10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0084"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1 (12.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0085"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Expectorants \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0086"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1 (8.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0087"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">3 (30) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0088"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0089"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Oral corticosteroids \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0090"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0091"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0092"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0093"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Beta blockers \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0094"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">2 (16.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0095"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1 (10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0096"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1 (12.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0097"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Intensity criteria \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0098"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0099"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0100"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0101"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">METs \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0102"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">4.2 [2.5; 4.4] \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0103"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">3.8 [2.8; 4.1] \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0104"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0105"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">HRmax%predicted (also a safety criterion),% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0106"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">60.6 ± 9.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0107"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">70±8.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0108"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">68.5 ± 9.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0109"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Borg fatigue, score \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0110"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">3 [3; 3.8] \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0111"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">3.5 [2.7; 4] \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0112"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">4 [3.3; 4] \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0113"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Borg dyspnoea, score \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0114"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">3 [2.5; 3.3] \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0115"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">3 [2.7; 3.7] \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0116"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">3 [2.5; 4] \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0117"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Safety criteria \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0118"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0119"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0120"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0121"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">HRmax%predicted – maximum,% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0122"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">74.4 ± 12.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0123"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">80.1 ± 8.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0124"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">69.8 ± 10.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0125"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">SpO2 – mean, % \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0126"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">93.5 ± 2.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0127"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">92.7 ± 2.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0128"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">92.8 ± 2.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0129"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">SpO2 – minimum, % \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0130"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">93±2.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0131"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">91.2 ± 2.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0132"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">92.1 ± 5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab3714402.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Participants’ characteristics as well as results of intensity and safety criteria per type of community-based physical activity." ] ] 2 => array:6 [ "identificador" => "ecom0001" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAECOMPONENTE" "mostrarFloat" => false "mostrarDisplay" => true "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "alt0003" "detalle" => "Image, application " "rol" => "short" ] ] "Ecomponente" => array:2 [ "fichero" => "mmc1.docx" "ficheroTamanyo" => 35695 ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "cebibsec1" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:12 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0001" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "An official american thoracic society/european respiratory society statement: key concepts and advances in pulmonary rehabilitation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M.A. Spruit" 1 => "S.J. Singh" 2 => "C. Garvey" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/rccm.201309-1634ST" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "188" "numero" => "8" "paginaInicial" => "e13" "paginaFinal" => "e64" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24127811" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0002" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Participants' experiences of the benefits, barriers and facilitators of attending a community-based exercise programme for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "O.F. Meshe" 1 => "H. Bungay" 2 => "L.S. Claydon" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Health Soc Care Community" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "28" "numero" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "969" "paginaFinal" => "978" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0003" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => ""We are all there for the same purpose": support for an integrated community exercise program for older adults with HF and COPD" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "L. Desveaux" 1 => "S. Harrison" 2 => "A. Lee" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.hrtlng.2017.04.008" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Heart Lung" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "46" "numero" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "308" "paginaFinal" => "312" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28527832" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0004" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Facilitators and barriers to physical activity following pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD: a systematic review of qualitative studies" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "H. Robinson" 1 => "V. Williams" 2 => "F. Curtis" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "NPJ Prim Care Respir Med" "fecha" => "2018" "volumen" => "28" "numero" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "19" ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "F.C. Bull" 1 => "S.S. Al-Ansari" 2 => "S. Biddle" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Br J Sports Med" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "54" "numero" => "24" "paginaInicial" => "1451" "paginaFinal" => "1462" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33239350" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0006" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "colaboracion" => "American College of Sports Medicine" "etal" => false ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:3 [ "edicion" => "10th ed." "fecha" => "2018" "editorial" => "Wolters Kluwer" ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0007" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Borg G. Borg's perceived exertion and pain scales: human kinetics; 1998." ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0008" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Water-based exercise training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "R.J. McNamara" 1 => "Z.J. McKeough" 2 => "D.K. McKenzie" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Cochrane Database Syst Rev" "fecha" => "2013" "numero" => "12" ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0009" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Randomized controlled trial of community-based, post-rehabilitation exercise in COPD" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "S.J. Butler" 1 => "L. Desveaux" 2 => "A.L. Lee" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Respir Med" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "174" ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Energy expenditure in women and men with COPD" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "N. Farooqi" 1 => "M. Carlsson" 2 => "L. Håglin" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.08.008" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Nutr ESPEN" "fecha" => "2018" "volumen" => "28" "paginaInicial" => "171" "paginaFinal" => "178" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30390877" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0011" "etiqueta" => "11" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Organizational aspects of pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic respiratory diseases" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "M.A. Spruit" 1 => "E.F.M. Wouters" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/resp.13512" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Respirology" "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "24" "numero" => "9" "paginaInicial" => "838" "paginaFinal" => "843" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30810256" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0012" "etiqueta" => "12" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Measuring intensity during free-living physical activities in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic literature review" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "P. Rebelo" 1 => "D. Brooks" 2 => "A. Marques" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Ann Phys Rehabil Med" "fecha" => "2022" "volumen" => "65" "numero" => "2" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "agradecimientos" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack786676" "vista" => "all" ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/25310437/0000003000000006/v1_202411040635/S253104372300199X/v1_202411040635/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "72880" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Letters to the Editor" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/25310437/0000003000000006/v1_202411040635/S253104372300199X/v1_202411040635/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004E&text.app=https://journalpulmonology.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S253104372300199X?idApp=UINPBA00004E"]

Statistics

Letter to the Editor

Intensity of exercise in people with COPD enrolled in community-based physical activities

P. Rebeloa,b, A. Teixeirac, R. Pintoc, C. Santosc, D. Brooksd,e, A. Marquesa,b,

Corresponding author

amarques@ua.pt

Corresponding author:

a Lab3R – Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal

b iBiMED - Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal

c City council of Estarreja, Sports division, Estarreja, Portugal

d School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada

e West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada

Read

1462

Times
was read the article

497

Total PDF

965

Total HTML

Share statistics

 array:23 [
  "pii" => "S253104372300199X"
  "issn" => "25310437"
  "doi" => "10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.11.001"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-11-01"
  "aid" => "1923"
  "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2023"
  "documento" => "simple-article"
  "crossmark" => 1
  "subdocumento" => "cor"
  "cita" => "Pulmonol. 2024;30:642-5"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => false
    "ES2" => false
    "LATM" => false
  ]
  "gratuito" => false
  "lecturas" => array:1 [
    "total" => 0
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S2531043724000114"
    "issn" => "25310437"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.pulmoe.2024.01.006"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-11-01"
    "aid" => "1943"
    "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia"
    "documento" => "simple-article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "subdocumento" => "cor"
    "cita" => "Pulmonol. 2024;30:646-7"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:9 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Letter to the Editor</span>"
      "titulo" => "The Brompton breathing pattern assessment tool &#40;BPAT&#41;&#58; Portuguese translation and cultural adaptation"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "646"
          "paginaFinal" => "647"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "R&#46; Vilarinho, C&#46; Ribeiro, V&#46; Abreu, S&#46; Souto-Miranda, F&#46; Silva, C&#46; J&#225;come"
          "autores" => array:6 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "R&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Vilarinho"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "C&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Ribeiro"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "V&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Abreu"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "S&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Souto-Miranda"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "F&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Silva"
            ]
            5 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "C&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "J&#225;come"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2531043724000114?idApp=UINPBA00004E"
    "url" => "/25310437/0000003000000006/v1_202411040635/S2531043724000114/v1_202411040635/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S2531043724000424"
    "issn" => "25310437"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.pulmoe.2024.03.002"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-11-01"
    "aid" => "1955"
    "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia"
    "documento" => "simple-article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "subdocumento" => "cor"
    "cita" => "Pulmonol. 2024;30:639-41"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Letter to the Editor</span>"
      "titulo" => "Complete response to mTOR inhibitor following JAKi failure in severe pulmonary sarcoidosis"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "639"
          "paginaFinal" => "641"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:8 [
          "identificador" => "fig0001"
          "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 3689
              "Ancho" => 3167
              "Tamanyo" => 939281
            ]
          ]
          "detalles" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "alt0001"
              "detalle" => "Fig "
              "rol" => "short"
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spara001" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Patient evolution before and after JAKi &#40;Tofacitinib&#41; and mTOR inhibitor &#40;Sirolimus&#41;&#46; Evolution of fluorodeoxyglucose &#40;FDG&#41; Positron Emission Tomography &#40;PET&#41; before &#40;A&#41; and after JAKi &#40;Tofacitinib&#41; for 21 months with a complete thoracic&#44; skin&#44; bone&#44; and splenic response &#40;B&#41;&#44; or 30 months with a node&#44; skin&#44; lung and splenic relapse &#40;C&#41; or mTOR inhibitor &#40;Sirolimus&#41; for 7 months with a complete multi-organ response &#40;D&#41; after JAKi arrest&#46; P-STAT1 &#40;E&#41;&#44; P-STAT3 &#40;F&#41;&#44; PSTAT5 &#40;G&#41;&#44; P- mTOR &#40;H&#41;&#44; P-4E-BP1 &#40;I&#41; and P-P70S6 kinase &#40;J&#41; expression were assayed by immunohistochemistry in serial sections of an archived skin biopsy from the sarcoidosis patient&#46; mTORC1 phosphorylates downstream p70S6 Kinase 1 and modulates the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein &#40;4E-BP1&#41;&#44; both promoting several cellular processes such as cell proliferation&#44; activation&#44; and survival&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "R&#46; Hindr&#233;, V&#46; Besnard, F&#46; Kort, H&#46; Nunes, D&#46; Valeyre, F&#46; Jeny"
          "autores" => array:6 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "R&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Hindr&#233;"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "V&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Besnard"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "F&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Kort"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "H&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Nunes"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "D&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Valeyre"
            ]
            5 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "F&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Jeny"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2531043724000424?idApp=UINPBA00004E"
    "url" => "/25310437/0000003000000006/v1_202411040635/S2531043724000424/v1_202411040635/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:17 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Letter to the Editor</span>"
    "titulo" => "Intensity of exercise in people with COPD enrolled in community-based physical activities"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => true
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "642"
        "paginaFinal" => "645"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "P&#46; Rebelo, A&#46; Teixeira, R&#46; Pinto, C&#46; Santos, D&#46; Brooks, A&#46; Marques"
        "autores" => array:6 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "P&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Rebelo"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0001"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0002"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "A&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Teixeira"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0003"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "R&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Pinto"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0003"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "C&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Santos"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0003"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          4 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "D&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Brooks"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0004"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          5 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "A&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Marques"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "amarques@ua.pt"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:3 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0001"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0002"
              ]
              2 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor0001"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:5 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Lab3R &#8211; Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory&#44; School of Health Sciences&#44; University of Aveiro&#44; Aveiro&#44; Portugal"
            "etiqueta" => "a"
            "identificador" => "aff0001"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "iBiMED - Institute of Biomedicine&#44; Department of Medical Sciences&#44; University of Aveiro&#44; Aveiro&#44; Portugal"
            "etiqueta" => "b"
            "identificador" => "aff0002"
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "City council of Estarreja&#44; Sports division&#44; Estarreja&#44; Portugal"
            "etiqueta" => "c"
            "identificador" => "aff0003"
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "School of Rehabilitation Science&#44; McMaster University&#44; Hamilton&#44; ON&#44; Canada"
            "etiqueta" => "d"
            "identificador" => "aff0004"
          ]
          4 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "West Park Healthcare Centre&#44; Toronto&#44; ON&#44; Canada"
            "etiqueta" => "e"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0001"
            "etiqueta" => "&#8270;"
            "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author&#58;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
      "original" => 0
      "multimedia" => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "fig0001"
        "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 984
            "Ancho" => 3500
            "Tamanyo" => 160861
          ]
        ]
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "alt0002"
            "detalle" => "Fig 1&#58"
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara001" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Intensity level of community-based physical activities &#40;senior exercise classes &#91;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#61; 12&#93;&#44; gym &#91;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#61; 10&#93;&#44; and pool exercises classes &#91;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#61; 8&#93;&#41; in people with COPD&#46; Bar graphs represent the sum of the intensity results&#44; i&#46;e&#46;&#44; sum of the number of participants categorized within each intensity level &#40;light&#44; moderate and vigorous&#41;&#44; according to the four intensity criteria &#40;METs&#44; maximal heart rate percentage predicted &#91;mean values&#93; and dyspnoea and fatigue Borg scores&#41;&#46; For each community-based physical activity modality&#44; the total possible sum of intensity results was obtained by multiplying the number of participants by the number of intensity criteria used &#40;senior exercise classes&#58; 12&#215;4 &#61; 48&#59; gym&#58; 10&#215;4 &#61; 40&#59; and pool exercise classes&#58; 8 &#215; 3 &#61; 24&#41;&#46; Due to technical problems&#44; METs were missing in two participants of the senior exercise classes &#40;46 intensity results&#41; and in one participant integrating gym &#40;39 intensity results&#41;&#46; Within each coloured rectangle are represented the number of participants categorized according to that intensity criteria in that physical activity intensity level &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; within the 12 participants included in the senior exercise classes&#44; according to the Borg dyspnoea criteria &#91;light green&#93;&#44; 10 fell within the moderate intensity level and 2 within the light intensity level&#41;&#46; Graphs should be read as follows&#44; e&#46;g&#46;&#44; in the pool exercise classes&#44; within the 24 intensity results obtained&#44; 18 &#40;6 &#43; 8 &#43; 4&#41; fell within the moderate intensity level&#44; 4 &#40;2 &#43; 2&#41; within the light intensity level and 2 within the vigorous intensity level&#46;</p> <p id="spara002" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Legend</span>&#58; HRmax &#37;predicted&#58; maximum HR percentage predicted&#59; METs &#8211; metabolic equivalent tasks&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="para0002" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Maintaining the benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation &#40;PR&#41; in the long-term is challenging&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0001"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Community-based physical activity &#40;PA&#41; programmes have emerged as promising strategies to extend these benefits&#44; accommodating different PA facilitators &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; supervision&#44; peer support&#44; accessibility&#44; or adequate equipment&#47;infrastructures&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0002"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2-4</span></a> In addition&#44; community-based PA programmes enable individuals to integrate PA modalities according to their preferences and needs&#46; Nevertheless&#44; community-based PAs should be safe and of at least moderate intensity to align with the PA guidelines&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="para0003" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We examined safety and the intensity level of different community-based PAs in people with COPD who had completed a PR programme&#46;</p><p id="para0004" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This observational cross-sectional study&#44; part of two larger trials &#40;PICk UP - NCT04223362&#44; CENTR&#40;AR&#41; - NCT04711057&#41;&#44; was approved by the Ethics Committees of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga</span> &#40;Ref&#46;15&#8211;05&#8211;2019&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Unidade Investiga&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de &#8211; Enfermagem</span> &#40;Ref&#46;P620&#8211;10&#47;2019&#41;&#44; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Administra&#231;&#227;o Regional de Sa&#250;de do Centro</span> &#40;Ref&#46;16&#47;2020&#41;&#46; All participants provided informed consent&#46; Privacy policy followed the European Union General Data Protection Regulation 2016&#47;679&#46;</p><p id="para0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">People with stable COPD with a positive risk-benefit analysis &#40;the PA attributes aligned with their characteristics and needs&#41; conducted by the healthcare professionals&#44; who advised their inclusion in community-based PAs&#44; were recruited from five community-based PR programmes&#46; Further details regarding the risk-benefit analysis are provided within the supplementary material&#46; Participants were given a list of available PAs &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0001">Table 1</a> of the supplementary material&#41; and could select those they wanted to try&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0001"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="para0006" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Intensity and safety of the community-based PAs were assessed based on data collected from a single exercise session&#46; Heart rate &#40;HR&#44; Polar H10&#41; and percentage of peripheral oxygen saturation &#40;SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; WristOx<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#174;3150&#41; were continuously monitored during the community-based PAs&#46; Participants&#8217; perception of dyspnoea and overall fatigue were assessed every 20-minutes with the modified Borg 0&#8211;10 scale&#46; PAs Metabolic Equivalent Tasks&#8217; &#40;METs&#41; were estimated using a SenseWear Armband worn by participants during the entire exercise sessions&#46; Due to equipment constraints SenseWear was not used during pool exercise classes&#46;</p><p id="para0007" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Intensity of community-based PAs was determined based on four criteria&#58;<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="celist0001"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem0001"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">i&#46;</span><p id="para0008" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">METs&#58; light&#8804;2&#46;9&#59; 3&#8804;moderate&#8804;5&#46;9&#59; vigorous&#8805;6&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0006"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem0002"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">ii&#46;</span><p id="para0009" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">maximal HR percentage predicted &#40;HRmax<span class="elsevierStyleInf">&#37;predicted</span>&#41;&#58; light&#8804;63&#59; 64&#8804;moderate&#8804;76&#46; vigorous&#8805;77&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0006"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> using averaged values collected every 1-second&#59; HRmax<span class="elsevierStyleInf">predicted</span>&#61;220-age&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem0003"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">iii&#46;</span><p id="para0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">iii-iv&#41; dyspnoea and fatigue Borg scores&#58; light&#8804;2&#59; 3&#8804;moderate&#8804;6&#59; vigorous&#8805;7&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0006"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#44;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0007"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> using averaged scores collected every 20 min&#46;</p></li></ul></p><p id="para0011" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The final PA intensity level was obtained by summing the number of participants categorized within each intensity level &#40;light&#44; moderate and vigorous&#41; according to the four intensity criteria &#40;equally weighted&#41;&#46; Safety of community-based PAs was assessed based on SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> and HRmax<span class="elsevierStyleInf">&#37;predicted</span>&#46; Average and minimum values of SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; and average and maximum values of HRmax<span class="elsevierStyleInf">&#37;predicted</span> were computed for each participant during PAs&#46; Occurrences of SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#60;88 &#37;&#44; HRmax<span class="elsevierStyleInf">&#37;predicted</span>&#62;85 &#37; or any adverse events during the PAs were registered&#46;</p><p id="para0012" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Descriptive analyses were conducted&#46; For intensity criteria&#44; absolute frequencies were used and summation presented in bar plots&#46; For safety criteria&#44; mean and 95 &#37; confidence intervals &#91;CI&#93; were displayed&#46; Data analysis was performed using SPSS v&#46;29&#46;0&#46;0&#46;0 and graphs were created using GraphPad Prism 6&#46;</p><p id="para0013" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Thirty-two individuals were recruited for this study and 21 agreed to participate&#46; Within these&#44; twelve participants attended senior exercise classes&#44; 10 the gym&#44; and eight pool exercise classes&#46; Participants&#8217; characteristics are presented in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0001">Table 1</a>&#46;</p><p id="para0014" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All community-based PAs were classified as moderate intensity &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0001">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46; During gym&#44; one participant desaturated below 88 &#37;&#44; reaching a minimum of 86 &#37; but recovered within one minute&#46; The 85 &#37; of the HRmax<span class="elsevierStyleInf">&#37;predicted</span> threshold was surpassed by two participants at the gym &#40;during 58 and 106 s reaching maximum HRmax<span class="elsevierStyleInf">&#37;predicted</span> of 94 and 89 &#37;&#44; respectively&#41; and by two participants at the senior exercise classes &#40;during 22 and 160 s reaching maximum HRmax<span class="elsevierStyleInf">&#37;predicted</span> of 88 and 91 &#37;&#44; respectively&#41;&#46; No adverse events were registered&#44; however&#44; due to fatigue one participant had to rest once during gym &#40;two minutes&#41; and twice during the senior exercise class &#40;one and two minutes&#41;&#46; Intensity and safety criteria results are presented in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0001">Table 1</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0001"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="para0017" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Senior&#44; gym and pool exercise classes seem to be safe and of moderate intensity for people with COPD&#46;</p><p id="para0018" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Previous studies have found that similar structured senior&#44; gym&#44; or pool exercise classes were safe&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0008"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#44;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0009"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> with comparable intensity levels reported for aquatic exercises&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0008"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a></p><p id="para0019" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Some limitations must be recognized&#46; This was a secondary analysis of larger trials&#44; and no sample size calculation was previously conducted&#46; Our sample included mainly elderly&#44; overweight males with moderate COPD severity and a lower risk of exacerbations&#46; Intensity of PA is influenced by all these individual factors&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> Additionally&#44; participants were recruited from community-based PR programmes&#44; thus&#44; our results may not be valid for people with COPD recruited from hospital-based programmes&#44; as the disease severity and complexity are likely to differ&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0011"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> Although three relative intensity criteria were used&#44; future studies with larger and more heterogenous samples are needed&#46; Pooling PA intensity by using different criteria is a strength of this study&#44; as formal guidance on how to assess intensity of community-based PAs is still lacking&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0012"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> To the best of our best knowledge this was the first study assessing intensity of different community-based PA modalities in COPD&#44; in real world settings&#46;</p><p id="para0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Following PR&#44; based on a careful patient selection&#44; healthcare professionals can now advise people with COPD to integrate gym&#44; senior or pool exercise classes&#44; as these seem to be safe&#44; of moderate intensity&#44; and may enhance long-term maintenance of PR benefits&#46;</p><span id="sec0001" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0002">CRediT authorship contribution statement</span><p id="para0021" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">P&#46;R&#46;&#44; D&#46;B&#46; and A&#46;M&#46; - conceptualization&#59; P&#46;R&#46;&#44; A&#46;T&#46;&#44; R&#46;P&#46; and C&#46;S&#46; - data curation&#59; P&#46;R&#46;&#44; D&#46;B&#46; and A&#46;M&#46; - formal analyses&#44; investigation and methodology&#59; AM and PR &#8211; funding acquisition&#59; AM &#8211; Project administration&#59; AM and DB &#8211; Supervision&#59; PR &#8211; Writing - original draft&#59; P&#46;R&#46;&#44; A&#46;T&#46;&#44; R&#46;P&#46;&#44; C&#46;S&#46;&#44; DB and AM &#8211; Writing review and editing&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0002" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0003">Data availability statement</span><p id="para0022" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Data are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author&#46;</p></span></span>"
    "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [
      "secciones" => array:3 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0001"
          "titulo" => "CRediT authorship contribution statement"
        ]
        1 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0002"
          "titulo" => "Data availability statement"
        ]
        2 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "References"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2023-07-11"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2023-11-02"
    "apendice" => array:1 [
      0 => array:1 [
        "seccion" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "apendice" => "<p id="para0023a" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><elsevierMultimedia ident="ecom0001"></elsevierMultimedia></p>"
            "etiqueta" => "Appendix"
            "titulo" => "Supplementary materials"
            "identificador" => "sec0006"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:3 [
      0 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "fig0001"
        "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 984
            "Ancho" => 3500
            "Tamanyo" => 160861
          ]
        ]
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "alt0002"
            "detalle" => "Fig 1&#58"
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara001" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Intensity level of community-based physical activities &#40;senior exercise classes &#91;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#61; 12&#93;&#44; gym &#91;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#61; 10&#93;&#44; and pool exercises classes &#91;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#61; 8&#93;&#41; in people with COPD&#46; Bar graphs represent the sum of the intensity results&#44; i&#46;e&#46;&#44; sum of the number of participants categorized within each intensity level &#40;light&#44; moderate and vigorous&#41;&#44; according to the four intensity criteria &#40;METs&#44; maximal heart rate percentage predicted &#91;mean values&#93; and dyspnoea and fatigue Borg scores&#41;&#46; For each community-based physical activity modality&#44; the total possible sum of intensity results was obtained by multiplying the number of participants by the number of intensity criteria used &#40;senior exercise classes&#58; 12&#215;4 &#61; 48&#59; gym&#58; 10&#215;4 &#61; 40&#59; and pool exercise classes&#58; 8 &#215; 3 &#61; 24&#41;&#46; Due to technical problems&#44; METs were missing in two participants of the senior exercise classes &#40;46 intensity results&#41; and in one participant integrating gym &#40;39 intensity results&#41;&#46; Within each coloured rectangle are represented the number of participants categorized according to that intensity criteria in that physical activity intensity level &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; within the 12 participants included in the senior exercise classes&#44; according to the Borg dyspnoea criteria &#91;light green&#93;&#44; 10 fell within the moderate intensity level and 2 within the light intensity level&#41;&#46; Graphs should be read as follows&#44; e&#46;g&#46;&#44; in the pool exercise classes&#44; within the 24 intensity results obtained&#44; 18 &#40;6 &#43; 8 &#43; 4&#41; fell within the moderate intensity level&#44; 4 &#40;2 &#43; 2&#41; within the light intensity level and 2 within the vigorous intensity level&#46;</p> <p id="spara002" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Legend</span>&#58; HRmax &#37;predicted&#58; maximum HR percentage predicted&#59; METs &#8211; metabolic equivalent tasks&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0001"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "alt0001"
            "detalle" => "Table 1&#58"
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spara004" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Values are presented as n &#40;&#37;&#41;&#44; mean&#177;standard deviation or median &#91;interquartile range&#93;&#44; unless otherwise stated&#46; Due to technical problems&#44; metabolic equivalent tasks were missing in two participants of the senior exercise classes and in one participant integrating gym&#46;</p><p id="spara005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Legend&#58;</span> BMI&#58; body mass index&#59; FEV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span>&#58; forced expiratory volume in one second&#59; GOLD&#58; Global Initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease&#59; HRmax&#37;predicted&#58; maximum HR percentage predicted&#59; ICS&#58; inhaled corticosteroid&#59; LABA&#58; long-acting beta-agonists&#59; LAMA&#58; long-acting muscarinic antagonist&#59; LRTA&#58; leukotriene receptor antagonist&#59; METs &#8211; metabolic equivalent tasks&#59; SABA&#58; short-acting beta-agonists&#59; SAMA&#58; short-acting muscarinic antagonist&#59; SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#58; percentage of peripheral oxygen saturation&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0001"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0002"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Senior exercise class &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#61; 12&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0003"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Gym &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#61; 10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0004"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Pool exercise class &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#61; 8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0005"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Age&#44; years&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0006"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">71&#46;2 &#177; 8&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0007"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">69&#46;6 &#177; 9&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0008"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">69&#46;5 &#177; 8&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0009"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Sex&#44; male&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0010"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">8 &#40;66&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0011"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">10 &#40;100&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0012"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">6 &#40;75&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0013"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">BMI&#44; kg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0014"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">29&#46;7 &#177; 6&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0015"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">31&#46;4 &#177; 7&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0016"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">32&#46;2 &#177; 6&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0017"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Smoking status&#44; current&#47; former&#47; never&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0018"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#47; 75 &#47;25&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0019"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">10&#47; 90&#47; 0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0020"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#47; 75&#47; 25&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0021"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Packs&#47;year&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0022"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">29&#46;3 &#177; 19&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0023"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">33&#46;6 &#177; 24&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0024"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">36&#46;8 &#177; 18&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0025"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">FEV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span>&#44; L&#47; &#37;predicted&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0026"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;4 &#177; 0&#46;5&#47; 54&#46;1 &#177; 12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0027"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;5 &#177; 0&#46;6&#47; 55&#46;3 &#177; 19&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0028"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;3 &#177; 0&#46;4&#47; 52&#46;1 &#177; 16&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0029"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">GOLD grades 1&#47; 2&#47; 3&#47; 4&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0030"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0 &#47; 66&#46;7&#47; 33&#46;3&#47; 0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0031"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">10&#47; 40&#47; 40&#47; 10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0032"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">12&#46;5&#47; 50&#47; 25&#47; 12&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0033"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">GOLD groups A&#47; B&#47; E&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0034"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">25&#47; 75&#47; 0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0035"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">40&#47; 60&#47; 0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0036"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">37&#46;5&#47; 62&#46;5&#47; 0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0037"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Charlson Comorbidity IndexMild&#47; moderate&#47; severe&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0038"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4 &#91;3&#59; 5&#93;0&#47; 66&#46;7&#47; 33&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0039"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4 &#91;3&#59; 5&#93;10&#47; 60&#47; 30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0040"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4&#46;5 &#91;3&#59; 5&#93;0&#47; 50&#47; 50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0041"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Medication&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0042"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0043"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0044"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0045"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SABA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0046"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0047"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0048"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0049"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SAMA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0050"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0051"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0052"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0053"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>LABA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0054"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2 &#40;16&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0055"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0056"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0057"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>LAMA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0058"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2 &#40;16&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0059"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2 &#40;20&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0060"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0061"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>LAMA &#43; LABA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0062"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">6 &#40;50&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0063"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4 &#40;40&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0064"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">5 &#40;62&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0065"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ICS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0066"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1 &#40;8&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0067"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1 &#40;10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0068"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1 &#40;12&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0069"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ICS &#43; LABA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0070"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1 &#40;8&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0071"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2 &#40;20&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0072"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1 &#40;12&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0073"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ICS &#43; LABA &#43; LAMA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0074"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">3 &#40;25&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0075"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1 &#40;10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0076"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1 &#40;12&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0077"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>LTRA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0078"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1 &#40;8&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0079"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2 &#40;20&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0080"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0081"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Xanthines&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0082"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0083"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1 &#40;10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0084"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1 &#40;12&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0085"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Expectorants&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0086"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1 &#40;8&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0087"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">3 &#40;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0088"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0089"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Oral corticosteroids&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0090"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0091"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0092"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0093"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Beta blockers&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0094"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2 &#40;16&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0095"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1 &#40;10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0096"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1 &#40;12&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0097"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Intensity criteria&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0098"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0099"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0100"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0101"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>METs&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0102"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4&#46;2 &#91;2&#46;5&#59; 4&#46;4&#93;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0103"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">3&#46;8 &#91;2&#46;8&#59; 4&#46;1&#93;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0104"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0105"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HRmax<span class="elsevierStyleInf">&#37;predicted</span> &#40;also a safety criterion&#41;&#44;&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0106"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">60&#46;6 &#177; 9&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0107"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">70&#177;8&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0108"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">68&#46;5 &#177; 9&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0109"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Borg fatigue&#44; score&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0110"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">3 &#91;3&#59; 3&#46;8&#93;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0111"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">3&#46;5 &#91;2&#46;7&#59; 4&#93;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0112"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">4 &#91;3&#46;3&#59; 4&#93;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0113"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Borg dyspnoea&#44; score&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0114"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">3 &#91;2&#46;5&#59; 3&#46;3&#93;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0115"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">3 &#91;2&#46;7&#59; 3&#46;7&#93;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0116"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">3 &#91;2&#46;5&#59; 4&#93;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0117"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top">Safety criteria&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0118"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0119"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0120"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0121"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HRmax<span class="elsevierStyleInf">&#37;predicted</span> &#8211; maximum&#44;&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0122"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">74&#46;4 &#177; 12&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0123"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">80&#46;1 &#177; 8&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0124"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">69&#46;8 &#177; 10&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0125"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> &#8211; mean&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0126"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">93&#46;5 &#177; 2&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0127"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">92&#46;7 &#177; 2&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0128"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">92&#46;8 &#177; 2&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0129"></a><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> &#8211; minimum&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0130"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">93&#177;2&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0131"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">91&#46;2 &#177; 2&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0132"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">92&#46;1 &#177; 5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab3714402.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara003" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Participants&#8217; characteristics as well as results of intensity and safety criteria per type of community-based physical activity&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      2 => array:6 [
        "identificador" => "ecom0001"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAECOMPONENTE"
        "mostrarFloat" => false
        "mostrarDisplay" => true
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "alt0003"
            "detalle" => "Image&#44; application "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "Ecomponente" => array:2 [
          "fichero" => "mmc1.docx"
          "ficheroTamanyo" => 35695
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "cebibsec1"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:12 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0001"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "An official american thoracic society&#47;european respiratory society statement&#58; key concepts and advances in pulmonary rehabilitation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "M&#46;A&#46; Spruit"
                            1 => "S&#46;J&#46; Singh"
                            2 => "C&#46; Garvey"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1164/rccm.201309-1634ST"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "188"
                        "numero" => "8"
                        "paginaInicial" => "e13"
                        "paginaFinal" => "e64"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24127811"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0002"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Participants&#39; experiences of the benefits&#44; barriers and facilitators of attending a community-based exercise programme for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "O&#46;F&#46; Meshe"
                            1 => "H&#46; Bungay"
                            2 => "L&#46;S&#46; Claydon"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Health Soc Care Community"
                        "fecha" => "2020"
                        "volumen" => "28"
                        "numero" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "969"
                        "paginaFinal" => "978"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0003"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "&#34;We are all there for the same purpose&#34;&#58; support for an integrated community exercise program for older adults with HF and COPD"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "L&#46; Desveaux"
                            1 => "S&#46; Harrison"
                            2 => "A&#46; Lee"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.hrtlng.2017.04.008"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Heart Lung"
                        "fecha" => "2017"
                        "volumen" => "46"
                        "numero" => "4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "308"
                        "paginaFinal" => "312"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28527832"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0004"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Facilitators and barriers to physical activity following pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD&#58; a systematic review of qualitative studies"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "H&#46; Robinson"
                            1 => "V&#46; Williams"
                            2 => "F&#46; Curtis"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "NPJ Prim Care Respir Med"
                        "fecha" => "2018"
                        "volumen" => "28"
                        "numero" => "1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "19"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0005"
              "etiqueta" => "5"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "F&#46;C&#46; Bull"
                            1 => "S&#46;S&#46; Al-Ansari"
                            2 => "S&#46; Biddle"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Br J Sports Med"
                        "fecha" => "2020"
                        "volumen" => "54"
                        "numero" => "24"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1451"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1462"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33239350"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0006"
              "etiqueta" => "6"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "ACSM&#39;s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "colaboracion" => "American College of Sports Medicine"
                          "etal" => false
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:3 [
                        "edicion" => "10th ed&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2018"
                        "editorial" => "Wolters Kluwer"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0007"
              "etiqueta" => "7"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Borg G&#46; Borg&#39;s perceived exertion and pain scales&#58; human kinetics&#59; 1998&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0008"
              "etiqueta" => "8"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Water-based exercise training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "R&#46;J&#46; McNamara"
                            1 => "Z&#46;J&#46; McKeough"
                            2 => "D&#46;K&#46; McKenzie"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:3 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cochrane Database Syst Rev"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "numero" => "12"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0009"
              "etiqueta" => "9"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Randomized controlled trial of community-based&#44; post-rehabilitation exercise in COPD"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "S&#46;J&#46; Butler"
                            1 => "L&#46; Desveaux"
                            2 => "A&#46;L&#46; Lee"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:3 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Respir Med"
                        "fecha" => "2020"
                        "volumen" => "174"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0010"
              "etiqueta" => "10"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Energy expenditure in women and men with COPD"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "N&#46; Farooqi"
                            1 => "M&#46; Carlsson"
                            2 => "L&#46; H&#229;glin"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.08.008"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Clin Nutr ESPEN"
                        "fecha" => "2018"
                        "volumen" => "28"
                        "paginaInicial" => "171"
                        "paginaFinal" => "178"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30390877"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0011"
              "etiqueta" => "11"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Organizational aspects of pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic respiratory diseases"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "M&#46;A&#46; Spruit"
                            1 => "E&#46;F&#46;M&#46; Wouters"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/resp.13512"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Respirology"
                        "fecha" => "2019"
                        "volumen" => "24"
                        "numero" => "9"
                        "paginaInicial" => "838"
                        "paginaFinal" => "843"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30810256"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0012"
              "etiqueta" => "12"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Measuring intensity during free-living physical activities in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease&#58; a systematic literature review"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Rebelo"
                            1 => "D&#46; Brooks"
                            2 => "A&#46; Marques"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Phys Rehabil Med"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                        "volumen" => "65"
                        "numero" => "2"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "agradecimientos" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "identificador" => "xack786676"
        "vista" => "all"
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/25310437/0000003000000006/v1_202411040635/S253104372300199X/v1_202411040635/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "72880"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "en" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Letters to the Editor"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/25310437/0000003000000006/v1_202411040635/S253104372300199X/v1_202411040635/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004E&text.app=https://journalpulmonology.org/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S253104372300199X?idApp=UINPBA00004E"
]

Article information

ISSN: 25310437
Original language: English

DOI:10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.11.001

The statistics are updated each day

Year/Month	Html	Pdf	Total

2024 November	27	13	40
2024 October	66	41	107
2024 September	92	55	147
2024 August	97	49	146
2024 July	112	38	150
2024 June	119	64	183
2024 May	150	58	208
2024 April	89	32	121
2024 March	71	24	95
2024 February	33	27	60
2024 January	44	25	69
2023 December	54	51	105
2023 November	11	20	31

Show all

Indexed in:

Follow us:

Statistics

Indexed in:

Follow us:

Statistics

Subscribe to our newsletter