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Vol. 10. Issue 5.
Pages 373-381 (September - October 2004)
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Vol. 10. Issue 5.
Pages 373-381 (September - October 2004)
ARTIGO ORIGINAL/ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Open Access
Linfopenia em doentes submetidos a ventilação mecânica por exacerbação de insuficiência respiratória crónica: estudo prospectivo
Lymphopenia in patients submitted to assisted ventilation due to aggravated chronic respiratory failure: a prospective study
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Paulo Marcelino*, Nuno Germano**, Ana Grilo**, Lígia Flora#, Susan Marum*, Ana Paula Fernandes*, Palmeiro Ribeiro***
* Assistente Hospitalar de Medicina Interna.
** Interno(a) do Internato Complementar de Medicina Interna.
# Interna do Internato Complementar de Pneumologia.
*** Chefe de Serviço de Medicina Interna e Director da Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Polivalente do Hospital de Curry Cabral.
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Article information
RESUMO

Objectivo: avaliar e caracterizar a linfopenia em doentes admitidos numa unidade de cuidados intensivos para suporte ventilatório por exacerbação de insuficiência respiratória crónica e eventual relação com a gravidade da doença.

Material e métodos: estudo prospectivo com 6 meses de duração e mais 6 meses de seguimento após alta da unidade. Incluídos 24 doentes, 22 homens, com APACHE II médio de 19,7, 3 dos quais com possibilidade de seguimento após a alta. Foram colhidas análises para determinação das subpopulações linfocitárias na admissão e a cada 7 dias de ventilação mecânica. Excluídos doentes com sinais de infecção ou imunossupressão prévia, à excepção dos corticóides.

Resultados: a linfopenia foi encontrada em 79,2 % dos doentes com depleção de todas as subpopulações linfocitárias sendo mais expressiva a depleção de linfócitos B CD19+. Esta linfopenia não se relacionou com os níveis séricos de cortisol, e apesar de se relacionar com uma maior gravidade clínica não esteve associada a uma maior mortalidade. O registo evolutivo no internamento mostrou tendencialmente uma recuperação da linfopenia.

Conclusões: a linfopenia é frequente em doentes ventilados por exacerbação de doença respiratória crónica. Trata-se de uma linfopenia não selectiva, que recupera ao longo do internamento, mais acentuada ao nível dos linfócitos B CD19+. Estes doentes apresentam indices de gravidade maior mas sem diferenças na mortalidade. O seguimento ambulatório destes doentes mostrou-se difícil e foi inconclusivo.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 2004; X (5): 373-381

Palvras-chave:
Insuficiência respiratória crónica
ventilação mecânica
linfopenia
ABSTRACT

Objectives: Evaluate and characterize lymphopenia in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for mechanical ventilation due to aggravated chronic respiratory failure and its probable relation to severity.

Material and methods: Prospective study over a period of 6 months with another 6 months follow-up after ICU discharge. The study included 24 patients, 22 males, with mean APACHE II of 19,7, three of whom with capacity for outpatient follow-up. Lymphocyte subpopulations were determined on admission and every 7 days after mechanical ventilation. Patients with evidence of infection or previous immunossupression, with the exception of steroids, were excluded from the study.

Results: Lymphopenia was found in 79,2% of patients with depletion of all lymphocyte series, although with greater expression for B lymphocytes CD19+. This depletion showed no relation with serum steroid levels, and although related to greater clinical severity, no correlation was found with mortality. Lymphocyte values recovered progressively during admission.

Conclusions: Lymphopenia is frequent among ventilated patients with chronic respiratory exacerbation. It’s a non-selective depletion, more evident with CD19+ B lymphocytes. These patients present higher severity scores but no difference in mortality. Outpatient follow-up was difficult and inconclusive.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 2004; X (5): 373-381

Key-words:
Chronic respiratory insufficiency
mechanical ventilation
lymphopenia
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Copyright © 2004. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP
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