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Vol. 7. Issue 3.
Pages 297-303 (May - June 2001)
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Vol. 7. Issue 3.
Pages 297-303 (May - June 2001)
ARTIGO ORIGINAL/ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Open Access
Prescrição e uso de oxigenoterapia de longa duração – situação actual no distrito do Porto
Long-term oxygen therapy
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Marta Drummond, António Morais, João Carlos Winck, Venceslau Hespanhol, João Almeida, J. Agostinho Marques
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Article information
RESUMO

Introdução: A oxigenoterapia domiciliária de longa duração (OLD) aumenta a sobrevida de doentes com DPOC e hipoxemia crónica grave. Existem recomendações precisas para a sua prescrição, tendo a Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia publicado as normas portuguesas em 1990. Estudos publicados noutros países referem um mau cumprimento das normas de prescrição por parte dos médicos, bem como uma má aderência dos doentes a esta terapêutica.

Objectivo: Estudo do panorama actual da OLD no distrito do Porto, nomeadamente analisando os critérios de prescrição, os níveis de aderência e as formas de controlo adoptadas.

Material e métodos: De um universo de 2774 doentes a efectuar OLD no distrito do Porto, foram escolhidos aleatoriamente 325. Responderam a um inquérito estruturado (realizado por entrevistadores treinados) 128 doentes. Estes tinham uma média de idades de 69,7±15 anos, sendo 67 (55,4%) do sexo masculino e 54 (44,6%) do sexo feminino.

Resultados: A patologia de base mais frequente foi a DPOC (46,3%), seguindo-se as pneumoconioses (9,1%). A dispneia foi o sintoma mais frequente (87,6%), sendo que a maioria dos doentes se apresentava no grau 5 da Classificação de Fletcher (58,5%). 9,9% dos doentes mantinham hábitos tabágicos. 93,4% dos doentes eram seguidos em consulta médica, 46,9% dos quais por Pneumologistas. 47,9% efectuam com regularidade provas funcionais respiratórias, e 55,4% realizam periodicamente gasimetria. Em 48,8% a prescrição foi efectuada por Pneumologista, seguindo-se o Médico de Família em 14%. Apenas 10,7% cumpriam 15 horas/ dia de oxigénio e 43,8% desconhecia o débito administrado. 62% usavam máscara de Venturi, enquanto 38% cânula nasal. 45,5% refere efeitos laterais, sendo o desconforto nasal o mais apontado (17,4%).

Conclusões: Verifica-se uma má aderência à terapêutica por parte dos doentes estudados, principalmente no número de horas de tratamento/ dia. Observa-se também uma falta de cumprimento dos critérios de prescrição de OLD por uma parte importante dos médicos prescritores, associado posteriormente a uma falta de seguimento adequado destes doentes. Estes dados sugerem a necessidade de fomentar a divulgação de informação a médicos e doentes.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 2001; VII (3):

Palavras chave:
Insuficiência respiratória
Oxigenoterapia de longa duração
aderência
ABSTRACT

Introduction: Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) increases the survival of COPD patients suffering from severe chronic hypoxaemia. There are specific guidelines for its prescription. The Portuguese Pneumology Society published the Portuguese guideline in 1990. Some foreign studies describe both a lack of compliance to prescription guidelines by the doctors and a lack of adhesion to this therapy by the patients. Objective: Study of the present state of LTOT in Oporto district (North of Portugal), namely through the analysis of the prescription criteria, the patient adhesion levels, and the selected control procedures.

Materials and methods: 325 patients were randomly selected from a universe of 2774 Oporto district patients undergoing LTOT therapy. 121 patients were questioned by trained interviewers, according to a structured questionnaire. The 121 patients averaged 69,7±IS years old; 67 (55,4%) were male and 54 (44,6%) were female. Results: COPD was the most frequent pathology (46,3%), followed by pneumoconiosis (9,1%). Dispnea was the most frequent symptom (87,6%) among patients, the majority of which were at Fletcher's grade 5. 9,9% of the patients maintain their smoking habits. 93,4% of the patients were followed up at doctor's appointments, 46,9% of which were pneumology appointments. 47,9% do respiratory function tests regularly and 55,4% do blood gas analysis periodicaly. 48,8% of the patients received their prescription from a pneumologist and 14% received it from the Family doctor. Only 10,7% did 15hrs/day of oxygen and 43, 8% did not know the debit of oxygen used. 62% used the Venturi mask and 38% nasal cannula. 45,5% of the patients mentioned collateral effects, nasal discomfort being the strongest complain (17,4%).

Conclusions: In a substantial part of LTOT patients both oxygen prescription (we observed a lack of compliance by doctors to prescription and follow up guidelines for LTOT) and usage (mainly in what the number of hours of treatment per day is concerned) were ineffective. This should be improved by education of both physicians and patients.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 2001; VII (3):

Key-words:
Respiratory failure
Long-term oxygen therapy
compliance
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Copyright © 2001. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP
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