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Vol. 8. Issue 4.
Pages 303-314 (July - August 2002)
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Vol. 8. Issue 4.
Pages 303-314 (July - August 2002)
ARTIGO ORIGINAL/ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Open Access
Proteinose alveolar pulmonar Aspectos na tomografia computadorizada de alta resolução*
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis High resolution computed tomography findings
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Erick Malheiro Leôncio Martins1, Edson Marchiori2, Arthur Soares Souza Jr.3, Klaus L. Irion4, Elza Maria F.P. de Cerqueira5, Luiz Felipe Nobre6
1 Médico Residente do Departamento de Radiologia da UFF.
2 Professor Titular de Radiologia da UFF. Coordenador Adjunto do Curso de Pós-Graduação em Radiologia da UFRJ.
3 Professor Adjunto de Radiologia da FAMERP.
4 Chefe do Serviço de Radiologia do Pavilhão Pereira Filho.
5 Professora Auxiliar de Radiologia da UNICAMP.
6 Professor Auxiliar de Radiologia da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis - SC.
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RESUMO

A proteinose alveolar pulmonar é uma doença rara cuja etiologia ainda permanece desconhecida. É caracterizada pelo preenchimento alveolar por um material proteináceo que determina um quadro pulmonar restritivo com hipoxemia e várias alterações radiológicas. Neste trabalho são analisadas e discutidas as alterações encontradas nas tomografias computadorizadas de alta resolução de doze pacientes com proteinose alveolar pulmonar. Seis casos eram da forma primária da doença, e os outros seis da secundária, estando associados à silicose, asbestose, leucemia, síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida e lúpus eritematoso sistémico. O objectivo básico foi estudar as alterações tomográficas mais frequentes. Na maioria dos casos, os aspectos tomográficos foram correlacionados com os dados anatomopatológicos, provenientes de biópsias cirúrgicas ou necropsia. Os aspectos tomográficos mais frequentes foram as opacidades em vidro fosco, com distribuição geográfica, associadas a espessamento liso dos septos interlobulares, resultando no padrão de pavimentação em mosaico. Estas alterações foram encontradas em todos os pacientes com a forma primária, não predominando em nenhuma região pulmonar específica. Na forma secundária, cinco dos seis casos apresentavam alterações tomográficas não observadas na forma primária da doença como, por exemplo, placas pleurais, derrame pleural, nódulos centrolobulares, linfonodomegalias e padrão de vidro fosco sem associação com espessamento de septos interlobulares. Além disto, em três destes casos houve um predomínio das lesões nas regiões póstero-inferiores dos pulmões.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 2002; VIII(4): 303-314

Palavras-chave:
Proteinose alveolar
TCAR
pulmões
ABSTRACT

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a rare condition and it’s etiology remains unknown. It is characterized by the accumulation of a proteinaceous material within alveolar spaces resulting in restrictive lung function, hypoxemia and a variety of radiological features. We studied high-resolution computed tomography patterns of twelve patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. Six of them presented secondary forms associated with silicosis, asbestosis, leukemia, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and systemic eritematous lupus. The purpose of our study was to determine the most frequent tomographic aspects of the disease. In most cases, the tomografic aspects were compared to anatomopathological findings of surgical biopsies or necropsies. The most frequently tomographic aspects observed were ground glass opacities in a geographical distribution associated to smooth interlobular septa thickening resulting in a crazy paving pattern. These patterns were found in all primary form patients and did not have a specific zonal distribution. In five of the six cases of secondary form, we also observed tomographic patterns not shown in primary forms such as pleural opacities, pleural effusion, centrolobular nodules, lymph node enlargement and ground glass opacities without interlobular septa thickening. Furthermore, three cases present a lower and posterior lung zonal predominance.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 2002; VIII(4): 303-314

Key-words:
Alveolar proteinosis
HRCT
lungs
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Trabalho realizado nos Departamentos ou Serviços de Radiologia da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF) - RJ; Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho - RJ; Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) -SP; Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP) - SP; Pavilhão Pereira Filho - RS, e Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - SC.

Copyright © 2002. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP
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