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Vol. 14. Issue 1.
Pages 127-140 (January - February 2008)
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Vol. 14. Issue 1.
Pages 127-140 (January - February 2008)
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Sarcoidose extratorácica
Extra-thoracic sarcoidosis
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Filipa Costa1, Ana Arrobas2, Jorge Pires3
1 Interna do Internato Complementar de Pneumologia
2 Assistente Hospitalar Graduada de Pneumologia
3 Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra Quinta dos Vales São Martinho do Bispo 3046-853 Coimbra
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A sarcoidose é uma doença granulomatosa multissistémica de etiologia desconhecida, caracterizada histologicamente pela presença de granulomas não caseosos nos órgãos envolvidos. Trata-se de uma doença que pode envolver praticamente qualquer órgão, manifestandose de múltiplas formas e apresentando-se a várias especialidades clínicas. O envolvimento extratorácico isolado é raro (10%), surgindo mais frequentemente associado ao envolvimento pulmonar ou dos gânglios linfáticos mediastínicos.

A nível extratorácico pode ocorrer, entre outros, envolvimento do fígado (50–80%), baço (40–80%), olho (20–50%), nódulos linfáticos periféricos (30%), pele (25%), sistema nervoso (10%), coração (5%), rim e aparelho músculo-esquelético, nem sempre cursando com sintomatologia. A presença de envolvimento extratorácico afecta muitas vezes o prognóstico e a atitude terapêutica da sarcoidose.

Os autores fazem uma revisão das principais manifestações extratorácicas da sarcoidose, abordando as suas manifestações clínicas, diagnóstico, tratamento, seguimento e prognóstico.

Palavras-chave:
Sarcoidose
extratorácica
Abstract

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic granulomatous disease of unknown aetiology, characterized by the presence of non-caseating epithelioid cell granulomas on tissue biopsy of affected organs. It may involve any organ, presenting in multiple forms to clinicians of different specialities.

In its extra-thoracic form it may involve the liver (50–80%), spleen (40–80%), eye (20–50%), extrathoracic lymph nodes (30%), skin (25%), nervous system (10%), heart (5%), kidney, muscle and bone, sometimes without symptoms. The presence of extrathoracic disease may affect the prognosis and treatment options for sarcoidosis.

The authors present a review of the major extra-thoracic manifestations of sarcoidosis regarding its clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, follow-up and prognosis.

Key-words:
Sarcoidosis
extra-thoracic
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