array:24 [
  "pii" => "S0873215915300763"
  "issn" => "08732159"
  "doi" => "10.1016/S0873-2159(15)30076-3"
  "estado" => "S350"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2010-09-01"
  "aid" => "11"
  "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2010"
  "documento" => "simple-article"
  "crossmark" => 0
  "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
  "subdocumento" => "sco"
  "cita" => "Rev Port Pneumol. 2010;16:837-47"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => true
    "ES2" => true
    "LATM" => true
  ]
  "gratuito" => true
  "lecturas" => array:2 [
    "total" => 2556
    "formatos" => array:3 [
      "EPUB" => 269
      "HTML" => 1652
      "PDF" => 635
    ]
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S0873215915300775"
    "issn" => "08732159"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S0873-2159(15)30077-5"
    "estado" => "S350"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2010-09-01"
    "aid" => "12"
    "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP"
    "documento" => "simple-article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "sco"
    "cita" => "Rev Port Pneumol. 2010;16:849-57"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 3053
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 209
        "HTML" => 1862
        "PDF" => 982
      ]
    ]
    "pt" => array:11 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Caso Cl&#237;nico&#47;Case Report</span>"
      "titulo" => "Enfisema lobar cong&#233;nito com apresenta&#231;&#227;o neonatal&#46; Revis&#227;o de quatro casos cl&#237;nicos"
      "tienePdf" => "pt"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "pt"
        1 => "en"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "849"
          "paginaFinal" => "857"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "en" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Congenital lobar emphysema of the newborn&#46; Report of four clinical cases"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "pt" => true
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "pt" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Gustavo Rocha, In&#234;s Azevedo, Jorge Correia Pinto, Concei&#231;&#227;o Souto Moura, Herc&#237;lia Guimar&#227;es"
          "autores" => array:5 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Gustavo"
              "apellidos" => "Rocha"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "In&#234;s"
              "apellidos" => "Azevedo"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Jorge Correia"
              "apellidos" => "Pinto"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Concei&#231;&#227;o Souto"
              "apellidos" => "Moura"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Herc&#237;lia"
              "apellidos" => "Guimar&#227;es"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "pt"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0873215915300775?idApp=UINPBA00004E"
    "url" => "/08732159/0000001600000005/v1_201509151505/S0873215915300775/v1_201509151505/pt/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S0873215915300751"
    "issn" => "08732159"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S0873-2159(15)30075-1"
    "estado" => "S350"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2010-09-01"
    "aid" => "10"
    "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia&#47;SPP"
    "documento" => "simple-article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "sco"
    "cita" => "Rev Port Pneumol. 2010;16:829-35"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 2813
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 233
        "HTML" => 1865
        "PDF" => 715
      ]
    ]
    "pt" => array:11 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Caso Cl&#237;nico&#47;Case Report</span>"
      "titulo" => "Sarcoidose nasal e lar&#237;ngea &#8211; Caso cl&#237;nico"
      "tienePdf" => "pt"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "pt"
        1 => "en"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "829"
          "paginaFinal" => "835"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "en" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Nasal and laryngeal sarcoidosis &#8211; Case presentation"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "pt" => true
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "pt" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Joaquim Pedro Vieira, Gustavo Lopes, Marta Neves, Miguel Viana, Ol&#237;mpia Teixeira Pinto, Mrinalini Honavar, Manuel Rodrigues e Rodrigues"
          "autores" => array:7 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Joaquim Pedro"
              "apellidos" => "Vieira"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Gustavo"
              "apellidos" => "Lopes"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Marta"
              "apellidos" => "Neves"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Miguel"
              "apellidos" => "Viana"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Ol&#237;mpia Teixeira"
              "apellidos" => "Pinto"
            ]
            5 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Mrinalini"
              "apellidos" => "Honavar"
            ]
            6 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Manuel Rodrigues"
              "apellidos" => "e Rodrigues"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "pt"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0873215915300751?idApp=UINPBA00004E"
    "url" => "/08732159/0000001600000005/v1_201509151505/S0873215915300751/v1_201509151505/pt/main.assets"
  ]
  "pt" => array:15 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Caso Cl&#237;nico&#47;Case Report</span>"
    "titulo" => "Discinesia ciliar prim&#225;ria revisitada&#58; A prop&#243;sito de tr&#234;s casos cl&#237;nicos"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "837"
        "paginaFinal" => "847"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "Joana Fermeiro, Teresa Bandeira, Lu&#237;sa Lobo, Lu&#237;sa Pereira"
        "autores" => array:4 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Joana"
            "apellidos" => "Fermeiro"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>"
                "identificador" => "af0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Teresa"
            "apellidos" => "Bandeira"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>"
                "identificador" => "af0010"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Lu&#237;sa"
            "apellidos" => "Lobo"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>"
                "identificador" => "af0015"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          3 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "Lu&#237;sa"
            "apellidos" => "Pereira"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "mluisafpereira&#64;gmail&#46;com"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>"
                "identificador" => "af0010"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "&#42;"
                "identificador" => "cr0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:3 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Interna do Internato Complementar de Pediatria"
            "etiqueta" => "1"
            "identificador" => "af0005"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Assistente Hospitalar Graduada de Pediatria"
            "etiqueta" => "2"
            "identificador" => "af0010"
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Assistente Hospitalar Graduada de Radiologia"
            "etiqueta" => "3"
            "identificador" => "af0015"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cr0005"
            "etiqueta" => "&#42;"
            "correspondencia" => "<span class="elsevierStyleBold">Correspond&#234;ncia&#58;</span> Departamento da Crian&#231;a e da Fam&#237;lia do Hospital de Santa Maria&#44; Avenida Professor Egas Moniz&#44; 1649-035 Lisboa"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "Primary ciliary dyskinesia revisited&#58; Based on three clinical reports"
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2009-11-24"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2010-05-13"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [
      "pt" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palavras-chave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec570282"
          "palabras" => array:2 [
            0 => "Discinesia ciliar prim&#225;ria"
            1 => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">situs inversus</span> total"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Key-words"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec570283"
          "palabras" => array:2 [
            0 => "Primary ciliary dyskinesia"
            1 => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">situs inversus totalis</span>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "pt" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumo"
        "resumen" => "<span id="as0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="sp0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A discinesia ciliar prim&#225;ria &#233; uma doen&#231;a gen&#233;tica e clinicamente heterog&#233;nea&#44; cuja patog&#233;nese assenta em compromisso da estrutura e fun&#231;&#227;o ciliares&#46;</p><p id="sp0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cursa habitualmente com infec&#231;&#245;es respirat&#243;rias recorrentes&#44; infertilidade e ainda <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">situs inversus</span> total em cerca de metade dos doentes&#46;</p><p id="sp0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Dada a raridade e heterogeneidade fenot&#237;pica desta patologia o seu diagn&#243;stico implica frequentemente um elevado &#237;ndice de suspei&#231;&#227;o&#46;</p><p id="sp0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Com este artigo os autores procuraram rever os aspectos fundamentais relativos &#224; etiopatog&#233;nese&#44; quadro cl&#237;nico e abordagens diagn&#243;stica e terap&#234;utica da discinesia ciliar prim&#225;ria&#44; contextualizando-os na discuss&#227;o de tr&#234;s casos cl&#237;nicos&#46;</p><p id="sp0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Descrevem-se tr&#234;s doentes cujo quadro cl&#237;nico inaugural foi marcado por s&#237;ndroma de dificuldade respirat&#243;ria neonatal associada&#44; em dois doentes&#44; a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">situs inversus</span> total&#46; A evolu&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica subsequente cursou com sintomatologia respirat&#243;ria em dois doentes &#40;tosse produtiva cr&#243;nica num doente e epis&#243;dios recorrentes de pneumonia e sibil&#226;ncia noutro&#41; e atingimento do aparelho respirat&#243;rio superior nos tr&#234;s&#46; &#192; data do diagn&#243;stico de discinesia ciliar prim&#225;ria&#44; os doentes apresentavam idades distintas &#40;8 meses&#44; 5 e 12 anos&#41;&#44; sendo que os dois doentes com idades de diagn&#243;stico mais tardias apresentavam nessa altura compromisso funcional respirat&#243;rio do tipo obstrutivo&#46;</p><p id="sp0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Os autores discutem os diferentes padr&#245;es de apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica&#44; a abordagem terap&#234;utica e a evolu&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica subsequente&#44; os factores potencialmente implicados no diagn&#243;stico tardio e as suas repercuss&#245;es progn&#243;sticas&#46;</p><p id="sp0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">O objectivo primordial &#233; alertar para manifesta&#231;&#245;es cl&#237;nicas precoces e&#47;ou frequentes de discinesia ciliar prim&#225;ria&#44; procurando deste modo influenciar o progn&#243;stico pela melhoria do reconhecimento precoce desta patologia&#46;</p><p id="sp0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Rev Port Pneumol 2010&#59; XVI &#40;5&#41;&#58; 837-847</span></p></span>"
      ]
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="as0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="sp0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Primary ciliary dyskinesia is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous disorder&#46; Its pathogenesis reflects structural and functional compromise of the cilia&#46;</p><p id="sp0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Common clinical manifestations include recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infections and infertility&#44; as well as <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">situs inversus totalis</span> in half of the affected patients&#46;</p><p id="sp0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Besides its rarity and phenotypic heterogeneity its diagnosis usually requires a high suspicion index&#46;</p><p id="sp0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The main purpose of this paper is to review the pathogenesis&#44; clinical features&#44; diagnostic and therapeutic approaches of primary ciliary dyskinesia beyond the discussion of three clinical reports&#46;</p><p id="sp0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We report the cases of three patients all with a past history of neonatal respiratory distress and two with <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">situs inversus totalis</span>&#46; The subsequent clinical manifestations included lower airway symptoms in two patients &#40;chronic productive cough and recurrent pneumonia and wheezing&#41; and upper respiratory tract disease in all patients&#46; Age at primary ciliary dyskinesia diagnosis differed considerably among patients &#40;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>months&#44; 5 and 12 years&#41;&#46; The two patients with later diagnosis had already obstructive lung function compromise at the time of diagnosis&#46;</p><p id="sp0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The authors discuss the different clinical patterns presented&#44; therapeutic strategies and the clinical progression that ensued&#44; factors possibly implicated in late diagnosis and its prognostic consequences&#46;</p><p id="sp0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The main goal is to emphasize early and&#47;or prevalent clinical features of primary ciliary dyskinesia in order to promote clinical awareness and early recognition of the disease&#46;</p><p id="sp0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Rev Port Pneumol 2010&#59; XVI &#40;5&#41;&#58; 837-847</span></p></span>"
      ]
    ]
    "lecturaRecomendada" => array:1 [
      0 => array:3 [
        "vista" => "all"
        "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="st0025">Bibliografia</span>"
        "seccion" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "vista" => "all"
            "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:23 [
              0 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0005"
                "etiqueta" => "1&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Primary ciliary dyskinesia&#58; current state of the art"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => true
                            "autores" => array:5 [
                              0 => "A&#46; Bush"
                              1 => "R&#46; Chodhari"
                              2 => "N&#46; Collins"
                              3 => "F&#46; Copeland"
                              4 => "P&#46; Hall"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "doi" => "10.1136/adc.2006.096958"
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Arch Dis Child"
                          "fecha" => "2007"
                          "volumen" => "92"
                          "paginaInicial" => "1136"
                          "paginaFinal" => "1140"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17634184"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              1 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0010"
                "etiqueta" => "2&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Unusual inheritance of primary ciliary dyskinesia &#40;Kartagener&#8217;s syndrome&#41;"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => true
                            "autores" => array:5 [
                              0 => "D&#46; Narayan"
                              1 => "S&#46;N&#46; Krishnan"
                              2 => "M&#46; Upender"
                              3 => "T&#46;S&#46; Ravikumar"
                              4 => "M&#46;J&#46; Mahoney"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:1 [
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "J Med Genet"
                          "fecha" => "1994"
                          "volumen" => "31"
                          "paginaInicial" => "493"
                          "paginaFinal" => "496"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8071978"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              2 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0015"
                "etiqueta" => "3&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Clinical and immunohistochemical evidence for an X linked retinitis pigmentosa syndrome with recurrent infections and hearing loss in association with an RPGR mutation"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => true
                            "autores" => array:5 [
                              0 => "A&#46; Iannaccone"
                              1 => "D&#46;K&#46; Breuer"
                              2 => "X&#46;F&#46; Wang"
                              3 => "S&#46;F&#46; Kuo"
                              4 => "E&#46;M&#46; Normando"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:1 [
                        "Revista" => array:5 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "J Med Genet"
                          "fecha" => "2003"
                          "volumen" => "40"
                          "paginaInicial" => "e118"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14627685"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              3 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0020"
                "etiqueta" => "4&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Primary ciliary dyskinesia&#58; diagnostic and phenotypic features"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => true
                            "autores" => array:5 [
                              0 => "P&#46;G&#46; Noone"
                              1 => "M&#46;W&#46; Leigh"
                              2 => "A&#46; Sannuti"
                              3 => "S&#46;L&#46; Minnix"
                              4 => "J&#46;L&#46; Carson"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "doi" => "10.1164/rccm.200303-365OC"
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med"
                          "fecha" => "2004"
                          "volumen" => "169"
                          "paginaInicial" => "459"
                          "paginaFinal" => "467"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14656747"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              4 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0025"
                "etiqueta" => "5&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "DNAI2 mutations cause primary ciliary dyskinesia with defects in the outer dynein arm"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => true
                            "autores" => array:5 [
                              0 => "N&#46;T&#46; Loges"
                              1 => "H&#46; Olbrich"
                              2 => "L&#46; Fenske"
                              3 => "H&#46; Mussaffi"
                              4 => "J&#46; Horvath"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:1 [
                        "Revista" => array:5 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Am J Hum Genet"
                          "fecha" => "2008"
                          "volumen" => "83"
                          "paginaInicial" => "458"
                          "paginaFinal" => "547"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              5 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0030"
                "etiqueta" => "6&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Cystic fibrosis and other respiratory diseases of impaired mucus clearance"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => false
                            "autores" => array:2 [
                              0 => "A&#46; Livraghi"
                              1 => "S&#46;H&#46; Randell"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "doi" => "10.1080/01926230601060025"
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Toxicol Pathol"
                          "fecha" => "2007"
                          "volumen" => "35"
                          "paginaInicial" => "116"
                          "paginaFinal" => "129"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17325980"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              6 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0035"
                "etiqueta" => "7&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Primary ciliary dyskinesia&#58; diagnosis and standards of care"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => true
                            "autores" => array:5 [
                              0 => "A&#46; Bush"
                              1 => "P&#46; Cole"
                              2 => "M&#46; Hariri"
                              3 => "I&#46; Mackay"
                              4 => "G&#46; Phillips"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:1 [
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J"
                          "fecha" => "1998"
                          "volumen" => "12"
                          "paginaInicial" => "982"
                          "paginaFinal" => "988"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9817179"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              7 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0040"
                "etiqueta" => "8&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Primary ciliary dyskinesia&#58; when to suspect the diagnosis and how to confirm it"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => false
                            "autores" => array:1 [
                              0 => "C&#46; Hogg"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "doi" => "10.1016/j.prrv.2008.10.001"
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Paediatr Respir Rev"
                          "fecha" => "2009"
                          "volumen" => "10"
                          "paginaInicial" => "44"
                          "paginaFinal" => "50"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19410200"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              8 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0045"
                "etiqueta" => "9&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Longitudinal study of lung function in a cohort of primary ciliary dyskinesia"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => false
                            "autores" => array:2 [
                              0 => "A&#46; Ellerman"
                              1 => "H&#46; Bisgaard"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:1 [
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J"
                          "fecha" => "1997"
                          "volumen" => "10"
                          "paginaInicial" => "2376"
                          "paginaFinal" => "2379"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9387968"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              9 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0050"
                "etiqueta" => "10&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Primary ciliary dyskinesia&#58; clinical presentation&#44; diagnosis and genetics"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => false
                            "autores" => array:2 [
                              0 => "K&#46; Storm van&#8217;s Gravesande"
                              1 => "H&#46; Omran"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "doi" => "10.1080/07853890510011985"
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Ann Med"
                          "fecha" => "2005"
                          "volumen" => "37"
                          "paginaInicial" => "439"
                          "paginaFinal" => "449"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16203616"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              10 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0055"
                "etiqueta" => "11&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Primary ciliary dyskinesia&#58; age at diagnosis and symptom history"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => false
                            "autores" => array:5 [
                              0 => "M&#46;E&#46; Coren"
                              1 => "M&#46; Meeks"
                              2 => "I&#46; Morrison"
                              3 => "R&#46;M&#46; Buchdahl"
                              4 => "A&#46; Bush"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:1 [
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Acta Paediatr"
                          "fecha" => "2002"
                          "volumen" => "91"
                          "paginaInicial" => "667"
                          "paginaFinal" => "669"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12162599"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              11 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0060"
                "etiqueta" => "12&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Bronchiectasis with situs inversus"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => false
                            "autores" => array:2 [
                              0 => "M&#46; Kartagener"
                              1 => "P&#46; Stucki"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:1 [
                        "Revista" => array:7 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Arch Pediatr"
                          "fecha" => "1962"
                          "volumen" => "79"
                          "paginaInicial" => "193"
                          "paginaFinal" => "207"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14454074"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                          "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                            "pii" => "S1130634311002686"
                            "estado" => "S300"
                            "issn" => "11306343"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              12 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0065"
                "etiqueta" => "13&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Polycystic kidney disease&#58; the ciliary connection"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => false
                            "autores" => array:2 [
                              0 => "A&#46;C&#46; Ong"
                              1 => "D&#46;N&#46; Wheatley"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "doi" => "10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12662-1"
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Lancet"
                          "fecha" => "2003"
                          "volumen" => "361"
                          "paginaInicial" => "774"
                          "paginaFinal" => "776"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12620752"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              13 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0070"
                "etiqueta" => "14&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Primary ciliary dyskinesia and newborn respiratory distress"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => false
                            "autores" => array:2 [
                              0 => "T&#46; Ferkol"
                              1 => "M&#46; Leigh"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "doi" => "10.1053/j.semperi.2005.11.001"
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Semin Perinatol"
                          "fecha" => "2006"
                          "volumen" => "30"
                          "paginaInicial" => "335"
                          "paginaFinal" => "340"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17142159"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              14 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0075"
                "etiqueta" => "15&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Management of primary ciliary dyskinesia&#58; the lower airways"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => false
                            "autores" => array:3 [
                              0 => "B&#46; Fauroux"
                              1 => "A&#46; Tamalet"
                              2 => "A&#46; Cl&#233;ment"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "doi" => "10.1016/j.prrv.2008.10.005"
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Paediatr Respir Rev"
                          "fecha" => "2009"
                          "volumen" => "10"
                          "paginaInicial" => "55"
                          "paginaFinal" => "57"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19410202"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              15 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0080"
                "etiqueta" => "16&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Ultrastructural patterns of primary ciliary dyskinesia syndrome"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => false
                            "autores" => array:4 [
                              0 => "C&#46; Carda"
                              1 => "M&#46; Armengot"
                              2 => "A&#46; Escribano"
                              3 => "A&#46; Peydr&#243;"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:1 [
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Ultrastruct Pathol"
                          "fecha" => "2005"
                          "volumen" => "29"
                          "paginaInicial" => "3"
                          "paginaFinal" => "8"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15931775"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              16 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0085"
                "etiqueta" => "17&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Genetic causes of bronchiectasis&#58; primary ciliary dyskinesia"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => false
                            "autores" => array:3 [
                              0 => "H&#46;N&#46; Morillas"
                              1 => "M&#46; Zariwala"
                              2 => "M&#46;R&#46; Knowles"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "doi" => "10.1159/000101783"
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Respiration"
                          "fecha" => "2007"
                          "volumen" => "74"
                          "paginaInicial" => "252"
                          "paginaFinal" => "263"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17534128"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              17 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0090"
                "etiqueta" => "18&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Primarily nasal origin of exhaled nitric oxide and absence in Kartagener&#180;s syndrome"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => false
                            "autores" => array:6 [
                              0 => "J&#46;O&#46; Lundberg"
                              1 => "E&#46; Weitzberg"
                              2 => "S&#46;L&#46; Nordvall"
                              3 => "R&#46; Kuylenstierna"
                              4 => "J&#46;M&#46; Lundberg"
                              5 => "K&#46; Alving"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:1 [
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J"
                          "fecha" => "1994"
                          "volumen" => "7"
                          "paginaInicial" => "1501"
                          "paginaFinal" => "1504"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7957837"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              18 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0095"
                "etiqueta" => "19&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Primary ciliary dyskinesia&#58; recent advances in pathogenesis&#44; diagnosis and treatment"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => false
                            "autores" => array:2 [
                              0 => "H&#46; Lie"
                              1 => "T&#46; Ferkol"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:1 [
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Drugs"
                          "fecha" => "2007"
                          "volumen" => "67"
                          "paginaInicial" => "1883"
                          "paginaFinal" => "1892"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17722956"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              19 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0100"
                "etiqueta" => "20&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Primary ciliary dyskinesia&#58; prospects for new therapies&#44; building on the experience in cystic fibrosis"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => false
                            "autores" => array:4 [
                              0 => "I&#46; Amirav"
                              1 => "M&#46; Cohen-Cymberknoh"
                              2 => "D&#46; Shoseyov"
                              3 => "E&#46; Kerem"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "doi" => "10.1016/j.prrv.2008.11.003"
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Paediatr Respir Rev"
                          "fecha" => "2009"
                          "volumen" => "10"
                          "paginaInicial" => "58"
                          "paginaFinal" => "62"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19410203"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              20 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0105"
                "etiqueta" => "21&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Early lung disease in young children with primary ciliary dyskinesia"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => false
                            "autores" => array:5 [
                              0 => "D&#46;E&#46; Brown"
                              1 => "J&#46;E&#46; Pittman"
                              2 => "M&#46;W&#46; Leigh"
                              3 => "L&#46; Fordham"
                              4 => "S&#46;D&#46; Davis"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "doi" => "10.1002/ppul.20792"
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Pediatr Pulmonol"
                          "fecha" => "2008"
                          "volumen" => "43"
                          "paginaInicial" => "514"
                          "paginaFinal" => "516"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18383332"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              21 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0110"
                "etiqueta" => "22&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in childhood&#58; longitudinal growth and lung function"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => true
                            "autores" => array:5 [
                              0 => "C&#46;M&#46; Bastardo"
                              1 => "S&#46; Sonnappa"
                              2 => "S&#46; Stanojevic"
                              3 => "A&#46; Navarro"
                              4 => "P&#46;M&#46; Lopez"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "doi" => "10.1136/thx.2008.100958"
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Thorax"
                          "fecha" => "2009"
                          "volumen" => "64"
                          "paginaInicial" => "246"
                          "paginaFinal" => "251"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19052050"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
              22 => array:3 [
                "identificador" => "bb0115"
                "etiqueta" => "23&#46;"
                "referencia" => array:1 [
                  0 => array:2 [
                    "contribucion" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Primary ciliary dyskinesia"
                        "autores" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "etal" => false
                            "autores" => array:1 [
                              0 => "M&#46;W&#46; Leigh"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    "host" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:2 [
                        "doi" => "10.1055/s-2004-815661"
                        "Revista" => array:6 [
                          "tituloSerie" => "Semin Respir Crit Care Med"
                          "fecha" => "2003"
                          "volumen" => "24"
                          "paginaInicial" => "653"
                          "paginaFinal" => "662"
                          "link" => array:1 [
                            0 => array:2 [
                              "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16088581"
                              "web" => "Medline"
                            ]
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "pt"
  "url" => "/08732159/0000001600000005/v1_201509151505/S0873215915300763/v1_201509151505/pt/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "43360"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "pt" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Casos Cl&#237;nicos&#47;Cases Reports"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "pt"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/08732159/0000001600000005/v1_201509151505/S0873215915300763/v1_201509151505/pt/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004E&text.app=https://journalpulmonology.org/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0873215915300763?idApp=UINPBA00004E"
]
Share
Journal Information
Vol. 16. Issue 5.
Pages 837-847 (September - October 2010)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 16. Issue 5.
Pages 837-847 (September - October 2010)
Caso Clínico/Case Report
Open Access
Discinesia ciliar primária revisitada: A propósito de três casos clínicos
Primary ciliary dyskinesia revisited: Based on three clinical reports
Visits
6892
Joana Fermeiro1, Teresa Bandeira2, Luísa Lobo3, Luísa Pereira2,
Corresponding author
mluisafpereira@gmail.com

Correspondência: Departamento da Criança e da Família do Hospital de Santa Maria, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035 Lisboa
1 Interna do Internato Complementar de Pediatria
2 Assistente Hospitalar Graduada de Pediatria
3 Assistente Hospitalar Graduada de Radiologia
This item has received

Under a Creative Commons license
Article information
Resumo

A discinesia ciliar primária é uma doença genética e clinicamente heterogénea, cuja patogénese assenta em compromisso da estrutura e função ciliares.

Cursa habitualmente com infecções respiratórias recorrentes, infertilidade e ainda situs inversus total em cerca de metade dos doentes.

Dada a raridade e heterogeneidade fenotípica desta patologia o seu diagnóstico implica frequentemente um elevado índice de suspeição.

Com este artigo os autores procuraram rever os aspectos fundamentais relativos à etiopatogénese, quadro clínico e abordagens diagnóstica e terapêutica da discinesia ciliar primária, contextualizando-os na discussão de três casos clínicos.

Descrevem-se três doentes cujo quadro clínico inaugural foi marcado por síndroma de dificuldade respiratória neonatal associada, em dois doentes, a situs inversus total. A evolução clínica subsequente cursou com sintomatologia respiratória em dois doentes (tosse produtiva crónica num doente e episódios recorrentes de pneumonia e sibilância noutro) e atingimento do aparelho respiratório superior nos três. À data do diagnóstico de discinesia ciliar primária, os doentes apresentavam idades distintas (8 meses, 5 e 12 anos), sendo que os dois doentes com idades de diagnóstico mais tardias apresentavam nessa altura compromisso funcional respiratório do tipo obstrutivo.

Os autores discutem os diferentes padrões de apresentação clínica, a abordagem terapêutica e a evolução clínica subsequente, os factores potencialmente implicados no diagnóstico tardio e as suas repercussões prognósticas.

O objectivo primordial é alertar para manifestações clínicas precoces e/ou frequentes de discinesia ciliar primária, procurando deste modo influenciar o prognóstico pela melhoria do reconhecimento precoce desta patologia.

Rev Port Pneumol 2010; XVI (5): 837-847

Palavras-chave:
Discinesia ciliar primária
situs inversus total
Abstract

Primary ciliary dyskinesia is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous disorder. Its pathogenesis reflects structural and functional compromise of the cilia.

Common clinical manifestations include recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infections and infertility, as well as situs inversus totalis in half of the affected patients.

Besides its rarity and phenotypic heterogeneity its diagnosis usually requires a high suspicion index.

The main purpose of this paper is to review the pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches of primary ciliary dyskinesia beyond the discussion of three clinical reports.

We report the cases of three patients all with a past history of neonatal respiratory distress and two with situs inversus totalis. The subsequent clinical manifestations included lower airway symptoms in two patients (chronic productive cough and recurrent pneumonia and wheezing) and upper respiratory tract disease in all patients. Age at primary ciliary dyskinesia diagnosis differed considerably among patients (8months, 5 and 12 years). The two patients with later diagnosis had already obstructive lung function compromise at the time of diagnosis.

The authors discuss the different clinical patterns presented, therapeutic strategies and the clinical progression that ensued, factors possibly implicated in late diagnosis and its prognostic consequences.

The main goal is to emphasize early and/or prevalent clinical features of primary ciliary dyskinesia in order to promote clinical awareness and early recognition of the disease.

Rev Port Pneumol 2010; XVI (5): 837-847

Key-words:
Primary ciliary dyskinesia
situs inversus totalis
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografia
[1.]
A. Bush, R. Chodhari, N. Collins, F. Copeland, P. Hall, et al.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia: current state of the art.
Arch Dis Child, 92 (2007), pp. 1136-1140
[2.]
D. Narayan, S.N. Krishnan, M. Upender, T.S. Ravikumar, M.J. Mahoney, et al.
Unusual inheritance of primary ciliary dyskinesia (Kartagener’s syndrome).
J Med Genet, 31 (1994), pp. 493-496
[3.]
A. Iannaccone, D.K. Breuer, X.F. Wang, S.F. Kuo, E.M. Normando, et al.
Clinical and immunohistochemical evidence for an X linked retinitis pigmentosa syndrome with recurrent infections and hearing loss in association with an RPGR mutation.
J Med Genet, 40 (2003), pp. e118
[4.]
P.G. Noone, M.W. Leigh, A. Sannuti, S.L. Minnix, J.L. Carson, et al.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia: diagnostic and phenotypic features.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 169 (2004), pp. 459-467
[5.]
N.T. Loges, H. Olbrich, L. Fenske, H. Mussaffi, J. Horvath, et al.
DNAI2 mutations cause primary ciliary dyskinesia with defects in the outer dynein arm.
Am J Hum Genet, 83 (2008), pp. 458-547
[6.]
A. Livraghi, S.H. Randell.
Cystic fibrosis and other respiratory diseases of impaired mucus clearance.
Toxicol Pathol, 35 (2007), pp. 116-129
[7.]
A. Bush, P. Cole, M. Hariri, I. Mackay, G. Phillips, et al.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia: diagnosis and standards of care.
Eur Respir J, 12 (1998), pp. 982-988
[8.]
C. Hogg.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia: when to suspect the diagnosis and how to confirm it.
Paediatr Respir Rev, 10 (2009), pp. 44-50
[9.]
A. Ellerman, H. Bisgaard.
Longitudinal study of lung function in a cohort of primary ciliary dyskinesia.
Eur Respir J, 10 (1997), pp. 2376-2379
[10.]
K. Storm van’s Gravesande, H. Omran.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia: clinical presentation, diagnosis and genetics.
Ann Med, 37 (2005), pp. 439-449
[11.]
M.E. Coren, M. Meeks, I. Morrison, R.M. Buchdahl, A. Bush.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia: age at diagnosis and symptom history.
Acta Paediatr, 91 (2002), pp. 667-669
[12.]
M. Kartagener, P. Stucki.
Bronchiectasis with situs inversus.
Arch Pediatr, 79 (1962), pp. 193-207
[13.]
A.C. Ong, D.N. Wheatley.
Polycystic kidney disease: the ciliary connection.
[14.]
T. Ferkol, M. Leigh.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia and newborn respiratory distress.
Semin Perinatol, 30 (2006), pp. 335-340
[15.]
B. Fauroux, A. Tamalet, A. Clément.
Management of primary ciliary dyskinesia: the lower airways.
Paediatr Respir Rev, 10 (2009), pp. 55-57
[16.]
C. Carda, M. Armengot, A. Escribano, A. Peydró.
Ultrastructural patterns of primary ciliary dyskinesia syndrome.
Ultrastruct Pathol, 29 (2005), pp. 3-8
[17.]
H.N. Morillas, M. Zariwala, M.R. Knowles.
Genetic causes of bronchiectasis: primary ciliary dyskinesia.
Respiration, 74 (2007), pp. 252-263
[18.]
J.O. Lundberg, E. Weitzberg, S.L. Nordvall, R. Kuylenstierna, J.M. Lundberg, K. Alving.
Primarily nasal origin of exhaled nitric oxide and absence in Kartagener´s syndrome.
Eur Respir J, 7 (1994), pp. 1501-1504
[19.]
H. Lie, T. Ferkol.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia: recent advances in pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment.
Drugs, 67 (2007), pp. 1883-1892
[20.]
I. Amirav, M. Cohen-Cymberknoh, D. Shoseyov, E. Kerem.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia: prospects for new therapies, building on the experience in cystic fibrosis.
Paediatr Respir Rev, 10 (2009), pp. 58-62
[21.]
D.E. Brown, J.E. Pittman, M.W. Leigh, L. Fordham, S.D. Davis.
Early lung disease in young children with primary ciliary dyskinesia.
Pediatr Pulmonol, 43 (2008), pp. 514-516
[22.]
C.M. Bastardo, S. Sonnappa, S. Stanojevic, A. Navarro, P.M. Lopez, et al.
Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in childhood: longitudinal growth and lung function.
Thorax, 64 (2009), pp. 246-251
[23.]
M.W. Leigh.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia.
Semin Respir Crit Care Med, 24 (2003), pp. 653-662
Copyright © 2010. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP
Download PDF
Pulmonology
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?