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Vol. 16. Issue 5.
Pages 849-857 (September - October 2010)
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Vol. 16. Issue 5.
Pages 849-857 (September - October 2010)
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Enfisema lobar congénito com apresentação neonatal. Revisão de quatro casos clínicos
Congenital lobar emphysema of the newborn. Report of four clinical cases
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Gustavo Rocha1,
Corresponding author
gusrocha@oninet.pt

Correspondência: Serviço de Neonatologia / Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de São João – Piso 2, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4202 – 451 Porto, Portugal, tel.: +351 225095816, fax: +351225512273.
, Inês Azevedo2, Jorge Correia Pinto3, Conceição Souto Moura4, Hercília Guimarães1
1 Assistente Hospitalar, Serviço de Neonatologia, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de São João e Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto
2 Assistente Hospitalar Graduada, Unidade de Pneumologia, Serviço de Pediatria, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de São João e Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto
3 Assistente Hospitalar, Serviço de Cirurgia Pediátrica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de São João e Escola de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Minho
4 Assistente Hospitalar Graduada, Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Hospital de São João e Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto
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Introdução

O enfisema lobar congénito (ELC) é uma anomalia rara do desenvolvimento pulmonar e a apresentação neonatal ocorre em cerca de 50% dos casos. Os autores apresentam quatro casos clínicos de ELC no recém-nascido.

Casos clínicos

Quatro recém-nascidos de termo, 3M/1F, admitidos por dificuldade respiratória com início variável entre as 20 horas e os 18 dias de vida, apresentaram radiografia de tórax na admissão sugestiva de ELC, diagnóstico confirmado por tomografia axial computorizada. O ELC afectou o lobo superior direito em três casos e o lobo médio em um caso. Foi efectuada lobectomia nos quatro recém-nascidos. O estudo anatomopatológico das peças operatórias confirmou o diagnóstico nos quatro casos, tendo revelado hipoplasia da cartilagem da árvore brônquica em três.

Conclusão

A casuística está de acordo com a literatura no predomínio no sexo masculino, forma de apresentação, tempo variável até ao diagnóstico, envolvimento unilobar e não identificação de causa evidente num dos casos. O tratamento cirúrgico foi universal.

Palavras-chave:
Enfisema lobar congénito
recém-nascido
Abstract
Introduction

Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a rare anomaly of lung development that presents in the neonatal period in about 50% of the cases. The authors report four clinical cases of congenital lobar emphysema in the newborn.

Clinical cases

Four term newborns, 3M/ 1F, were admitted for respiratory distress starting between 20 hours of life and 18 days. The chest x-ray at admission was suggestive of CLE and the diagnosis was confirmed by computorized tomography. The CLE affected the right upper lobe in three cases and the medium lobe in one case. All patients were treated with lobectomy. The pathological study of the surgical specimens confirmed the diagnosis in the four cases, and revealed hypoplasia of the bronquiolar tree cartilage in three.

Conclusions

Our series is according to literature regarding to male gender preponderance, clinical presentation, different time to diagnosis, unilobar involvement and no identification of an evident aetiology in one case. Surgical treatment was universal.

Key-words:
Congenital lobar emphysema
newborn
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