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Because they mimic malignant tumours&#44; both clinically and radiologically&#44; they are also called quasineoplastic lesions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> In the majority of cases growth of the lesions is slow&#44; and the diagnosis is difficult before surgery&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Although the aetiology is not well defined&#44; a background history of respiratory infections is sometimes present&#44; and because of that some authors suggest a reactive inflammatory origin&#46; The behaviour of this lesion is variable and usually benign&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> but occasionally it may have a malignant course&#44; with recurrence or metastasis in a minority of cases&#46; The diagnosis is usually established after complete surgical resection&#44; the treatment of choice&#44; and curative in most cases&#46; Recurrence is seen occasionally&#44; if the resection is not complete&#44; or the lesions are multiple&#46; The great majority of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours are pulmonary&#44; but lesions have also been reported in other organs&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> such as digestive tract&#44; larynx&#44; heart or central nervous system&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 24-year-old man&#44; a non-smoker&#44; presented at the emergency department with complaints of cough&#44; haemoptysis&#44; dyspnoea on exertion&#44; fever &#40;38<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#176;C&#41; and excessive sweating at night&#44; with two days of evolution&#46; He had no relevant pathologic background&#44; and physical examination was normal&#46; On the chest X-ray we found a right infrahilar shadow&#44; the bronchoscopy was normal as were the respiratory function and the blood tests&#46; 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2</a>&#41;&#46; Rare Touton giant cells were also found&#46; No significant cytological atypia was identified&#46; The neoplastic cells were diffusely and strongly positive for immunostaining for ALK and histiocytic marker CD163&#44; while weakly and focally positive for smooth muscle marker SMA and cytokeratin CAM5&#46;2&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour is an uncommon tumour of the lung and an uncommon cause of haemoptysis&#44; but must be considered in a young person<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> with a mass or a nodular lesion&#44; although its clinical and radiological presentation is nonspecific&#46; Half of the patients are asymptomatic&#44; the lesion being a radiological finding&#44; but the usual patient complaints are cough&#44; dyspnoea&#44; 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Letter to the Editor
Unusual cause of haemoptysis: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the lung
A. Araújoa,
Corresponding author
duartearaujodr@sapo.pt

Corresponding author.
, W. Xiaogangb, D. Tenteb, M. Figueiredoa
a Respiratory Department, CHAA, Guimarães, Portugal
b Anatomy Department, CHVNG/E, Gaia, Portugal
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the lung&#44; or pulmonary inflammatory pseudo tumour&#44; includes a spectrum of pulmonary lesions<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> of unknown aetiology&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> It is an unusual tumour&#44; or tumour-like mass&#44; and accounts for less than 1&#37; of all tumours of the lung&#44; with no significant racial or geographical differences&#46; It should be considered as a possible diagnosis in a patient usually younger than 40 years&#44; male or female&#44; presenting a pulmonary peripheral mass or nodule in the chest X-ray or CT scan&#46; Although controversial&#44; it is usually defined as a nonneoplastic process characterized by a proliferation of spindle cells&#44; associated with a variably dense polymorphic infiltrate of mononuclear inflammatory cells&#46; Because they mimic malignant tumours&#44; both clinically and radiologically&#44; they are also called quasineoplastic lesions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> In the majority of cases growth of the lesions is slow&#44; and the diagnosis is difficult before surgery&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Although the aetiology is not well defined&#44; a background history of respiratory infections is sometimes present&#44; and because of that some authors suggest a reactive inflammatory origin&#46; The behaviour of this lesion is variable and usually benign&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> but occasionally it may have a malignant course&#44; with recurrence or metastasis in a minority of cases&#46; The diagnosis is usually established after complete surgical resection&#44; the treatment of choice&#44; and curative in most cases&#46; Recurrence is seen occasionally&#44; if the resection is not complete&#44; or the lesions are multiple&#46; The great majority of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours are pulmonary&#44; but lesions have also been reported in other organs&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> such as digestive tract&#44; larynx&#44; heart or central nervous system&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 24-year-old man&#44; a non-smoker&#44; presented at the emergency department with complaints of cough&#44; haemoptysis&#44; dyspnoea on exertion&#44; fever &#40;38<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#176;C&#41; and excessive sweating at night&#44; with two days of evolution&#46; He had no relevant pathologic background&#44; and physical examination was normal&#46; On the chest X-ray we found a right infrahilar shadow&#44; the bronchoscopy was normal as were the respiratory function and the blood tests&#46; The first computed tomography &#40;CT&#41; of the chest showed a 44<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm heterogeneous &#40;well-circumscribed and probably cavitated&#41; ovoid mass &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#44; located in the inner right upper lobe&#44; near the middle lobe&#46; The differential diagnosis was lung abscess&#44; round pneumonia&#44; pulmonary tuberculosis&#44; aspergilloma and tumour&#46; After a 3-week course of antibiotics&#44; a second CT&#44; now with intravenous iodinated contrast&#44; showed a homogenous mass of the same size and location&#44; and the patient was transferred for surgical evaluation&#44; and resection of the right upper and middle lobe&#46; Histopathological examination revealed spindle cell proliferation&#44; with storiform or fascicular pattern&#44; with foci of haemorrhage&#44; inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes&#44; neutrophils&#44; eosinophils and aggregates of foam cell &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#46; Rare Touton giant cells were also found&#46; No significant cytological atypia was identified&#46; The neoplastic cells were diffusely and strongly positive for immunostaining for ALK and histiocytic marker CD163&#44; while weakly and focally positive for smooth muscle marker SMA and cytokeratin CAM5&#46;2&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour is an uncommon tumour of the lung and an uncommon cause of haemoptysis&#44; but must be considered in a young person<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> with a mass or a nodular lesion&#44; although its clinical and radiological presentation is nonspecific&#46; Half of the patients are asymptomatic&#44; the lesion being a radiological finding&#44; but the usual patient complaints are cough&#44; dyspnoea&#44; haemoptysis&#44; chest pain&#44; fever and weigh loss&#46; In this case&#44; despite the rarity of this entity&#44; the form of presentation is consistent with that commonly described in the literature&#44; but the chest pain&#44; although a relatively common symptom&#44; was not present&#46; In our case&#44; as is usual&#44; the diagnosis was chirurgical&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> and the treatment was complete surgical resection&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare&#46;</p></span></span>"
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Article information
ISSN: 21735115
Original language: English
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Pulmonology

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