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Vol. 13. Issue 1.
Pages 83-100 (January - February 2007)
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Vol. 13. Issue 1.
Pages 83-100 (January - February 2007)
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Manifestações pulmonares de patologias auto-imunes
Pulmonary manifestations of autoimmune diseases
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Diva Ferreira1,
Corresponding author
divafferreira@sapo.pt

Correspondência/Correspondence to: Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia, Rua Conceição Fernandes, 4434-502 Vila Nova de Gaia.
, Sofia Neves2, Agostinho Lira3, Isabel Bastos4, José Almeida5
1 Interna complementar de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia
2 Assistente Eventual de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia
3 Assistente Hospitalar de Patologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia
4 Chefe de Serviço de Radiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia
5 Assistente Hospitalar de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia
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Resumo

O pulmão é uma interface particular entre o antigénio e o sangue circulante. É alvo de acções extrínsecas/intrínsecas e é particularmente vulnerável à agressão por agentes em circulação. Tal como a superfície mucosa, é um local de intensa acção imune, permitindo a expressão antigénica através da recirculação linfocitária. Assim, geram-se reacções locais, inflamatórias, ao antigénio. A imagiologia tem um papel importante no diagnóstico de doenças pulmonares imunológicas. Este grupo inclui as doenças pulmonares auto-imunes. A telerradiografia torácica tem muitas vantagens, mas também algumas limitações. A tomografia computorizada (TC) constituiu uma revolução na imagiologia de doenças pulmonares, sendo a técnica de alta resolução uma mais-valia no estudo do interstício. Esta técnica permite uma maior exactidão do que a radiografia convencional no diagnóstico de patologias pulmonares, como as patologias auto-imunes.

Palavras-chave:
Doença pulmonar auto-imune
Telerradiografia torácica
Tomografia computorizada (TC)
Abstract

The lung is a unique interface between the antigen and the circulating blood volume. It is submited to extrinsic/intrinsic challenges and is particularly vulnerable to circulating insulting agents. It is a site of intense immune surveillance, allowing antigen sampling to expand the immunologic repertoire through lymphocyte recirculation. In addition, local inflammatory reactions to antigens are generated.

Imaging has an important role in diagnosis of patients with immunologic lung diseases. This group includes autoimmune lung diseases. There are many advantages of plain chest radiography but also significant limitations. It was a revolution in imaging of lung diseases with Computed Tomography (CT), being high resolution an important help in pulmonary interstitium study. This technique has a higher diagnostic accuracy than the conventional chest X-ray both in the detection and the diagnosis of lung diseases, such as autoimmune lung diseases.

Key-words:
Autoimmune lung disease
Chest radiography
Computed tomography (CT)
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Copyright © 2007. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia
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