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Vol. 14. Issue 3.
Pages 437-441 (May - June 2008)
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Vol. 14. Issue 3.
Pages 437-441 (May - June 2008)
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Pneumomediastino espontâneo: Asma
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: Asthma
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Marcelo Cunha Fatureto1,4,
, João Paulo Vieira dos Santos2, Paulo Eduardo Nunes Goulart2, Samantha Andrade Maia2, Virmondes Rodrigues3
1 Chefe da Disciplina de Cirurgia Torácica – UFTM
2 Residente de Cirurgia Geral – UFTM
3 Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro – UFTM.
4 Disciplina de Cirurgia Torácica – UFTM
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Resumo

Pneumomediastino é definido como a presença de ar livre no mediastino, sendo que o espontâneo ocorre na ausência de enfermidades ou factores precipitantes. É raro em adultos, sendo mais frequente em recém-nascidos. Contudo, ocorre mais em adultos jovens, sendo 8:1 a relação entre homens e mulheres. Constitui achado raro na asma, representando 1% dos casos. Os sintomas mais frequentes são dor torácica e dispneia. O diagnóstico é feito com exames de imagem, como radiografia e tomografia computadorizada de tórax. O tratamento de escolha é conservador, não operatório, com prognóstico favorável na maioria dos casos. O nosso propósito é relatar um caso desta patologia em jovem atendido em nosso serviço com quadro de dor torácica e dispneia, sendo submetido a exames complementares e feito o diagnóstico de pneumomediastino espontâneo. O doente foi submetido a tratamento conservador com excelente evolução clínica. No momento encontra-se assintomático, em acompanhamento ambulatorial.

Palavras-chave:
Pneumomediastino espontâneo
asma
dor torácica
dispneia
Abstract

Pneumomediastinum is defined as the presence of free air in the mediastinum, and the spontaneous occurs in the absence of diseases or precipitating factors. It is rare in adults, and it is more frequent in newborns. However, it occurs more in young adults, with an 8:1 relationship between men and women. It constitutes a rare finding in asthma, representing 1% of the cases. More frequent symptoms are chest pain and dyspnea. Diagnosis is made with image examinations, such as radiography and chest computed tomography. Treatment of choice is conservative, nonoperative, with a favourable prognosis in the majority of the cases. Our aim is to report a case of this pathology in a young adult seen in our service with chest pain and dyspnea. He underwent complementary examinations and the diagnosis was spontaneous pneumomediastinum. This patient was submitted to a conservative treatment with excellent clinical evolution. At the moment, he is asymptomatic and under routine clinical care.

Key-words:
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum
asthma
chest pain
dyspnea
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Copyright © 2008. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia
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