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Vol. 13. Issue 4.
Pages 525-551 (July - August 2007)
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Vol. 13. Issue 4.
Pages 525-551 (July - August 2007)
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The role of nocturnal oximetry in obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome screening
Papel da oximetria nocturna no rastreio da síndroma de apneia-hipopneia obstrutiva do sono
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Celestina Ventura1, Ana Sofia Oliveira2, Rita Dias3, Joana Teixeira3, Cristina Canhão3, Odete Santos4, Paula Pinto5, Cristina Bárbara6
1 Assistente Graduada de Medicina Familiar, Centro de Saúde de Grândola. / General Practice Specialist Consultant, Grândola Health Centre
2 Interna do Internato Complementar de Pneumologia do Hospital de Pulido Valente. / Pulmonology Resident, Hospital Pulido Valente
3 Técnica de Cardiopneumologia do Hospital de Pulido Valente. / Cardiopulmonology Technician, Hospital Pulido Valente
4 Assistente Hospitalar Graduada do Hospital de Pulido Valente. / Specialist Consultant, Hospital Pulido Valente
5 Assistente Hospitalar de Pneumologia do Hospital de Pulido Valente. Assistente Convidada de Pneumologia da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa. / Pulmonology Consultant, Hospital Pulido Valente. Guest Pulmonolgy Consultant, Nova University School of Medical Sciences
6 Coordenadora da Unidade de Fisiopatologia Respiratória do Hospital de Pulido Valente. Professora Auxiliar de Pneumologia da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa. / Coordinator, Respiratory Physiopathology Unit, Hospital Pulido Valente. Assistant Pulmonology Professor, Nova University School of Medical Sciences
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Abstract
Aim

The aim of our study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of Nocturnal Oximetry (NO) as a diagnostic screening tool for obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS), compared with polysomnography (PSG) as the gold standard.

Methodology

63 patients with clinical suspicion of OSAHS and exclusion of respiratory disease underwent PSG and NO. We then determined NO sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV).

Results

OSAHS was diagnosed in 47 patients with a mean age of 54 years. In the evaluation of the percentage of Total Sleep Time (TST) with oxygen desaturation below 90%, we found significant differences between patients with OSAHS (25.4±29.7%) and without OSAHS (1±1.5%), p<0,001. We used two cutoff points to evaluate sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV), based on the severity of O2 desaturation (StO2<90%). Using the first cutoff point we diagnosed with NO as positive all the patients with TST desaturation values ≥1% of the TST. Under these circumstances we found a sensitivity of 76.6%, a specificity of 75%, a PPV of 90% and an NPV value of 52.2% for our screening test (NO). Using the second cutoff point, we diagnosed with NO as positive all the patients with TST desaturation values ≥5% of the TST. With this method we found a sensitivity of 65.9%, a specificity of 100%, a PPV of 100% and an NPV of 50%.

Conclusion

NO is a useful screening test for the diagnosis of OSAHS in patients without respiratory disease.

Key-words:
Obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome
nocturnal oximetry
Resumo
Objectivo

Foi objectivo deste estudo determinar a sensibilidade e a especificidade da oximetria nocturna (ON) como método de screening diagnóstico para a síndroma de apneia-hipopneia obstrutiva do sono (SAHOS), utilizando como método de referência a polissonografia (PSG).

Metodologia

Foram incluídos 63 doentes com suspeita clínica de SAHOS e exclusão de doença respiratória, sendo submetidos a uma PSG completa, incluindo ON. Posteriormente, foram determinados: a sensibilidade, a especificidade e os valores preditivos positivo (VPP) e negativo (VPN) da ON.

Resultados

A SAHOS foi diagnosticada em 47 doentes com uma média etária de 54 anos. Verificaram-se diferenças significativas na avaliação da percentagem do tempo total de sono (TTS) com dessaturação de O2 abaixo de 90% entre doentes com SAHOS (25,4 29,7%) e sem SAHOS (1±1,5%), p<0,001. A fim de avaliar a sensibilidade, a especificidade, o VPP e o VPN, utilizámos dois pontos de corte baseados na gravidade da dessaturação. Com o primeiro ponto de corte considerámos positivos para o diagnóstico da SAHOS todos os doentes que apresentassem valores de dessaturação (saturação de O2 < 90%) ≥ a 1% do TTS, tendo-se obtido para a ON uma sensibilidade de 76,6%, uma especificidade de 75%, um VPP de 90% e um VPN negativo de 52,2%. Utilizando o segundo ponto de corte, foram considerados positivos todos os doentes que apresentassem valores de dessaturação ≥ a 5% do TTS, tendo-se obtido uma sensibilidade de 65,9%, uma especificidade de 100%, um VPP de 100% e um VPN de 50%.

Conclusões

A ON é um bom teste de screening diagnóstico da SAHOS, desde que seja excluída patologia respiratória.

Palavras-chave:
Síndroma de apneia/hipopneia obstrutiva do sono
oximetria nocturna
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Estudo efectuado no âmbito de um mestrado em Patologia Respiratória da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Lisboa. / Study undertaken as part of an MSc in Respiratory Pathology, Lisbon University School of Medical Sciences.

Copyright © 2007. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia
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