Journal Information
Vol. 14. Issue 1.
Pages 5-26 (January - February 2008)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 14. Issue 1.
Pages 5-26 (January - February 2008)
Artigo Original/Original Article
Open Access
Infecção respiratória por bactérias do complexo Burkholderia cepacia: Evolução clínica em doentes com fibrose quística
The clinical course of Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria respiratory infection in cystic fibrosis patients
Visits
6846
Susana Correia1,
Corresponding author
susanaamcorreia@hotmail.com

Correspondência / Correspondence to: Susana Correia, Departamento da Criança e da Família, Hospital de Santa Maria, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1699 Lisboa, Portugal.
, Catarina Nascimento1, Luísa Pereira2, Mónica V. Cunha3, Isabel Sá-Correia4, Celeste Barreto5
1 Interna do Internato Complementar de Pediatria / Resident, Specialist Training, Paediatrics, Centro Especializado em fibrose quística/ Cystic Fibrosis Centre
2 Assistente Hospitalar / Consultant, Unidade de Pneumologia/ Pulmonology Unit
3 Investigadora Doutorada / PhD Researcher, Departamento da Criança e da Família/ Child and Family Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1699 Lisboa
4 Professora Catedrática / Cathedratic Professor, IBB – Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centro de Engenharia Biológica e Química, Instituto Superior Técnico. Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
5 Chefe de Serviço / Unit Head, Centro Especializado em fibrose quística (Coordenadora: Dr.ª Celeste Barreto) / Cystic Fibrosis Centre (Coordinator: Dr Celeste Barreto), Unidade de Pneumologia (Coordenadora: Dr.ª Celeste Barreto) / Pulmonology Unit (Coordinator: Dr Celeste Barreto), Departamento da Criança e da Família (Director: Prof. J. Gomes Pedro) / Child and Family Department (Director: Prof. J. Gomes Pedro), Hospital de Santa Maria, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1699 Lisboa
This item has received

Under a Creative Commons license
Article information
Resumo

O complexo Burkholderia cepacia (Bcc) é um grupo constituído por nove espécies de bactérias patogénicas oportunistas na fibrose quística (FQ), associadas a prognóstico mais reservado e a infecção cruzada entre os doentes. Existe grande heterogeneidade na deterioração pulmonar dos doentes colonizados/infectados com Bcc, evoluindo, por vezes, de forma fulminante – síndroma da cepacia.

Com o objectivo de avaliar a relação entre a colonização/infecção com as diferentes espécies do Bcc e a evolução clínica, os autores analisaram, retrospectivamente, 31 doentes com FQ acompanhados no Hospital de Santa Maria com isolamentos entre Janeiro de 1995 e Março de 2006. Os doentes foram divididos nos grupos: Grupo I – isolamento intermitente (15 doentes) e Grupo II – isolamento crónico (16 doentes). A prevalência das espécies do Bcc foi: B. cepacia 57%, B. cenocepacia 43%, B. multivorans 7%, B. stabilis 13%. Três doentes faleceram com síndroma da cepacia. As espécies B. cepacia e B. stabilis, pouco frequentes nas populações de FQ caracterizadas na Europa e na América do Norte, foram isoladas de uma percentagem importante dos doentes estudados, não tendo sido possível estabelecer uma correlação entre a espécie e a evolução clínica.

Nos doentes deteriorados, mas não nos estáveis, do grupo II, em quem foi possível analisar retrospectivamente a função respiratória (FEV1) e os períodos de internamento por exacerbação pulmonar, encontraram-se algumas diferenças relevantes antes e após o isolamento de Bcc.

Perante a incapacidade actual de orientar as medidas de profilaxia através da caracterização molecular dos isolados de Bcc, há que manter as medidas de controlo recomendadas.

Rev Port Pneumol 2008; XIV (1): 5-26

Palavras-chave:
Complexo Burkholderia cepacia (Bcc)
fibrose quística (FQ)
B. cepacia
B. cenocepacia
B. multivorans
B. stabilis
Abstract

Bacteria of the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc), a group of nine related species, are opportunistic pathogens in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, associated with a poor prognosis and patient-to-patient transmissibility. The pulmonary deterioration in Bcc-colonised/ infected patients has a heterogeneous pattern leading, sometimes, to a fulminant development – the cepacia syndrome.

To evaluate the relationship between colonisation/ infection by the different Bcc species and the clinical course, the authors carried out a retrospective study of 31 CF patients with Bcc bacteria isolations followed at Hospital de Santa Maria from January 1995 to March 2006. Patients were categorised into two groups: Group I, with intermittent isolations and Group II with chronic isolations. The prevalence of Bcc species was as follows: B. cepacia 57%, B. cenocepacia 43%, B. multivorans 7%, B. stabilis 13%. Three of the patients died of cepacia syndrome. The species B. cepacia and B. stabilis, usually less frequent in CF populations of Europe and America, were isolated in a considerable percentage of the patients examined. No correlation could be established between the species and the clinical outcome.

Deteriorated but not stable patients from group II, whose lung function and pulmonary exacerbationcaused hospitalisation could be retrospectively analysed, exhibited significant differences in the number of hospitalisations and pulmonary function (FEV1) in the year prior to and the years following Bcc isolation.

Based on the available data, it is not currently possible to outline preventive measures through the molecular characterisation of Bcc isolates, reinforcing the notion that the recommended control measures must be followed.

Rev Port Pneumol 2008; XIV (1): 5-26

Key-words:
Burkholderia cepacia (Bcc) complex
cystic fibrosis (CF)
B. cepacia
B. cenocepacia
B. multivorans
B. stabilis
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografia / Bibliography
[1.]
J.L. Parke, D. Gurian-Sherman.
Diversity of the Burkholderia cepacia complex and implications for risk assessment of biological control strains.
Ann Rev Phytopathol, 39 (2001), pp. 225-258
[2.]
E. Mahenthiralingam, T.A. Urban, J.B. Goldberg.
The multifarious, multireplicon Burkholderia cepacia complex.
Nat Rev Microbiol, 3 (2005), pp. 144-156
[3.]
D.P. Speert.
Advances in Burkholderia cepacia complex.
Paediatr Respir Rev, 3 (2002), pp. 230-235
[4.]
L. Saiman, J. Siegel.
Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Consensus Conference on Infection Control Participants. Infection control recommendations for patients with cystic fibrosis: microbiology, important pathogens, and infection control practices to prevent patient-to-patient transmission.
Am J Infect Control, 31 (2003), pp. S1-S62
[5.]
T. Coenye, P. Vandamme.
Diversity and significance of Burkholderia cepacia occupying diverse ecological niches.
Environ. Microbiol, 5 (2003), pp. 719-729
[6.]
B. Holmes.
The identification of Pseudomonas cepacia and its occurrence in clinical material.
J Appl Bacteriol, 61 (1986), pp. 299-314
[7.]
S. Oie, A. Kamiya.
Microbial contamination of antiseptics and disinfectants.
Am J Infect Control, 24 (1996), pp. 389-395
[8.]
J.J. LiPuma, S.E. Dase, D.W. Nielson, R.C. Stern, T.L. Stull.
Person-to-person transmission of Pseudomonas cepacia between patients with cystic fibrosis.
Lancet, 336 (1990), pp. 1094-1096
[9.]
J.R.W. Govan, P.H. Brown, J. Maddison, C.J. Doherty, J.W. Nelson, M. Dodd, A.P. Greening, A.K. Webb.
Evidence for transmission of Pseudomonas cepacia by social contact in cystic fibrosis.
Lancet, 342 (1993), pp. 15-19
[10.]
D.L. Smith, L.B. Gumery, E.G. Smith, D.E. Stableforth, M.E. Kaufmann, T.L. Pitt.
Epidemic of Pseudomonas cepacia in an adult cystic fibrosis unit: evidence of person-toperson transmission.
J Clin Microbiol, 31 (1993), pp. 3017-3022
[11.]
M.L. Whiteford, J.D. Wilkinson, J.H. McColl, F.M. Conlon, J.R. Michie, T.J. Evans, J.Y. Paton.
Outcome of Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) cepacia colonisation in children with cystic fibrosis following a hospital outbreak.
Thorax, 50 (1995), pp. 1194-1198
[12.]
G.R. Hutchinson, S. Parker, J.A. Pryor, F. Ducan-Skingle, P.N. Hoffman, M.E. Hodson, M.E. Kaufmann, T.L. Pitt.
Homeuse nebulizers: a potential source of Burkholderia cepacia and other colistin-resistant, gram-negative bacteria in patients with cystic fibrosis.
J Clin Microbiol, 34 (1996), pp. 584-587
[13.]
J.R.W. Govan, V. Deretic.
Microbial pathogenesis in cystic fibrosis: mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cepacia.
Microbiol Rev, 60 (1996), pp. 539-574
[14.]
J.J. LiPuma, T. Spillker, T. Coenye, C.F. Gonzalez.
An epidemic Burkholderia cepacia complex strain identified in soil.
Lancet, 359 (2002), pp. 2002-2003
[15.]
T. Coenye, P. Vandamme, J.J. LiPuma.
Taxonomy and identification of the Burkholderia cepacia complex.
J Clin Microbiol, 39 (2001), pp. 3427-3526
[16.]
J.J. LiPuma, T. Spilker, L.H. Gill, P.W. Campbell, L. Liu, E. Mahenthiralingam.
Disproportionate distribution of Burkholderia cepacia complex species and transmissibility markers in cystic fibrosis.
Am J Resp Crit Care Med, 164 (2001), pp. 92-96
[17.]
D.P. Speert, D. Henry, P. Vandamme, M. Corey, E. Mahenthiralingam.
Epidemiology of Burkholderia cepacia complex in patients with cystic fibrosis in Canada: geographical distribution and clustering of strains.
Emerg Infect Dis, 8 (2002), pp. 181-187
[18.]
A. Agodi, E. Mahenthiralingam, M. Barchitta, V. Giannino, A. Sciacca, S. Stefani.
Burkholderia cepacia complex infection in Italian patients with cystic fibrosis: prevalence, epidemiology and genomovar status.
J Clin Microbiol, 39 (2001), pp. 2891-2896
[19.]
S. Brisse, C. Cordevant, P. Vandamme, P. Bidet, C. Loukil, G. Chabanon, M. Lange, E. Bingen.
Species distribution and ribotype diversity of Burkholderia cepacia complex isolates from French patients with cystic fibrosis.
J Clin Microbiol, 42 (2004), pp. 4824-4827
[20.]
E. Mahenthiralingam, P. Vandamme, M.E. Campbell, D.A. Henry, A.M. Geavelle, L.T. Wong, et al.
Infection with Burkholderia cepacia complex genomovars in patients with cystic fibrosis: virulent transmissible strains of genomovar III can replace Burkholderia multivorans.
Clin Infect Dis, 33 (2001), pp. 1469-1475
[21.]
Mahenthiralingam E, Bischof J, Byrne SK, Radomski C, Davies JE, Av-Gay Y, Vandamme P. DNA-based diagnostic approaches for identification of Burkholderia cepacia complex, Burkholderia vietnamiensis, Burkholderia multivorans, Burkholderia stabilis, and Burkholderia cepacia genomovars I and III. J Clin Microbiol 38: 3165-73.
[22.]
J.A. Richau, J.H. Leitão, M. Correia, L. Lito, M.J. Salgado, C. Barreto, P. Cescutti, I. Sá-Correia.
Molecular typing and exopolysaccharide biosynthesis of Burkholderia cepacia isolates from a Portuguese Cystic Fibrosis Center.
J Clin Microbiol, 38 (2000), pp. 1651-1655
[23.]
M.V. Cunha, J.H. Leitão, E. Mahenthiralingam, P. Vandamme, L. Lito, C. Barreto, M.J. Salgado, I. Sá-Correia.
Molecular analysis of Burkholderia cepacia complex isolates from a Portuguese Cystic Fibrosis Center: a 7-year study.
J Clin Microbiol, 41 (2003), pp. 4113-4120
[24.]
M.V. Cunha, A. Pinto-de-Oliveira, L. Meirinhos Soares, M.J. Salgado, J. Melo-Cristino, C. Barreto, I. Sá-Correia.
Exceptionally high representation of Burkholderia cepacia among the B. cepacia complex isolates recovered from the major Cystic Fibrosis Center.
J Clin Microbiol, 45 (2007), pp. 1628-1633
[25.]
H.H. Balkhy, G. Cunningham, C. Francis, M.A. Almuneef, G. Stevens, N. Akkad, A. Elgammal, A. Alassiri, E. Furukawa, F.K. Chew, M. Sobh, D. Daniel, G. Poff, Z.A. Memish.
A National Guard outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia infection and colonization secondary to intrinsic contamination of albuterol nebulization solution.
Am J Infect Control, 33 (2005), pp. 182-188
[26.]
D. Henry, M. Campbell, C. McGimpsey, A. Clarke, et al.
Comparison of isolation media for recovery of Burkholderia cepacia complex from respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis.
J Clin Microbiol, 37 (1999), pp. 1004-1007
[27.]
J.J. LiPuma.
Burkholderia cepacia. Management issues and new insights.
Clin Chest Med, 19 (1998), pp. 473-486
[28.]
J.J. LiPuma, K.A. Marks-Austin, D.S. Holsclaw, et al.
Inaparent transmission of Pseudomonas (Burkholderia) cepacia among patients with cystic fibrosis.
Pediatr Inf Dis J, 13 (1994), pp. 716
[29.]
F. Concepcion, M.D. Estivariz, I. Lubna, M.D. Bhatti, et al.
An outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia associated with contamination of albuterol and nasal spray.
Chest, 130 (2006), pp. 1346-1350
Copyright © 2008. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP
Download PDF
Pulmonology
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?