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Vol. 9. Issue 4.
Pages 337-352 (July - August 2003)
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Vol. 9. Issue 4.
Pages 337-352 (July - August 2003)
ARTIGO ORIGINAL/ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Open Access
Perfil epidemiológico das infecções bacterianas do aparelho respiratório em doentes com fibrose quística
Epidemiological survey of bacteria isolated from the respiratory tract of cystic fibrosis patients
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Sofia Quintas1, Luísa Pereira2, Luís Lito3, Celeste Barreto4
1 Interna do Internato Complementar
2 Assistente hospitalar Centro Especializado de Fibrose Quística (Coordenadora: Dra Celeste Barreto) Unidade de Pneumologia (Coordenador: Prof. J. Costa Trindade) Clínica Universitária de Pediatria (Director: Prof. J Gomes-Pedro)
3 Chefe de Serviço Laboratório de Bacteriologia (Directora: Dra Maria José Salgado)
4 Assistente graduada Hospital de Santa Maria, Av. Prof Egas Moniz, Lisboa
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RESUMO

Com o intuito de caracterizar a evolução do perfil epidemiológico das infecções bacterianas do aparelho respiratório dos doentes com Fibrose Quística (FQ), os autores realizaram um estudo retrospectivo da prevalência e incidência das mesmas em 78 doentes com FQ seguidos no Centro Especializado de FQ da Clínica Universitária de Pediatria do Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisboa durante um período de 5 anos (1995-1999).

A Pseudomonas aeruginosa foi a bactéria mais frequentemente isolada nos três primeiros anos do estudo (60-73%), sendo ultrapassada nos dois anos seguintes pelo Staphylococcus aureus. No entanto, a Pseudomonas aeruginosa constituiu sempre o principal agente de colonização crónica (44-59%), com um pico de início da mesma entre os 0 e os 5 anos (34%). Verificou-se ao longo dos 5 anos um aumento significativo da prevalência de colonização intermitente e crónica por Staphylococcus aureus (48% para 83% e 32% para 54%). A prevalência de isolamentos de Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina e de Burkholderia cepacia quase que duplicou neste período. As taxas de isolamento e de colonização crónica por Alcaligenes xylosoxidans aumentaram bruscamente a partir de 1997 (de 3% e 0% em 1996 para 7% e 5% em 1997 e 10% e 7% em 1999). A colonização crónica por Haemophilus influenzae manteve uma prevalência média de 22%, apesar dum aumento dos isolamentos (de 42% para 61%). Em 55% dos doentes observou-se colonização crónica por dois ou mais agentes.

Em função destes resultados são discutidos os esquemas terapêuticos e as medidas de prevenção de contágios que têm sido preconizados nos doentes com FQ do nosso centro.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 2003; IX (4): 337-352

Palavras-chave:
Fibrose Quística
bactérias
colonização crónica
pulmão
ABSTRACT

With the aim of characterizing the evolution of the epidemiological profile of respiratory bacterial infections of patients having Cystic Fibrosis (CF), the authors conducted a retrospective analysis about it’s incidence and prevalence in 78 CF patients followed at the CF Specialized Centre, Paediatric Department, Santa Maria Hospital, Lisbon, during a 5 years period (1995-1999).

Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequently isolated bacteria during the first three years of the study (60-73%), being surpassed by Staphylococcus aureus. However, Pseudomonas aeruginosa always remained the principal agent of chronic colonization (44-59%), with a peak of beginning between 0 and 5 years (34%). A significative increase of the prevalence of intermitent and chronic colonization with Staphylococcus aureus was verified during this five years (48% to 83% and 32% to 54%). The prevalence of isolations of Meticillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and of Burkholderia cepacia almost duplicated during this period. The taxes of isolation and chronic colonization with Alcaligenes xylosoxidans raised sharply beyond 1997 (from 3% and 0% in 1996 to 7% and 5% in 1997 and 10% and 7% in 1999). Chronic colonization with Haemophilus influenzae kept a median prevalence of 22%, in spite of an increase in isolations (from 42% to 61%). Fifty five per cent of the patients were chronically colonized by two or more agents.

In view of these results, the authors discuss the therapeutic schemes and the measures to limit cross-infection which have been being advocated for CF patients in our centre.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 2003; IX (4): 337-352

Key-words:
Cystic Fibrosis
bacteria
chronic colonization
lung
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