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Vol. 8. Issue 1.
Pages 65-77 (January - February 2002)
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Vol. 8. Issue 1.
Pages 65-77 (January - February 2002)
ARTIGO DE REVISÃO/REVIEW ARTICLE
Open Access
Síndroma de apneia do sono – ventilação com pressão positiva *
Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome – nasal positive airway pressure
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João Valença**
** Assistente Graduado de Pneumologia, Serviço de Pneumologia do Hospital de Santa Maria
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RESUMO

O tratamento da Síndroma de Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS) com ventilação com pressão positiva é uma terapêutica altamente gratificante na grande maioria dos casos. A pressão positiva aplicada através de uma máscara nasal durante o sono leva a uma dilatação pneumática da via aérea superior, evitando assim o seu colapso. O tratamento deve ter início apenas após um diagnóstico correcto. A aplicação de pressão positiva, com uma pressão eficaz, leva de imediato ao: desaparecimento do ressonar; normalização do padrão respiratório com desaparecimento das apneias e hipopneias, bem como do esforço respiratório; correcção das dessaturações nocturnas;

desaparecimento dos “microdespertares” e fragmentação do sono, o que conduz à melhoria da arquitectura do sono e consequente melhoria da qualidade de vida. A pressão positiva pode ser fornecida por: CPAP com pressão constante, BINÍVEL e AUTO-CPAP. É importante a avaliação da adesão à terapêutica.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 2002; VIII (1): 65-77

Palavras-chave:
CPAP
BINÍVEL
AUTO-CPAP
ABSTRACT

Treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) by nasal positive pressure is one of the most effective treatment in the great majority of the patients. Nasal positive airway pressure acts as a pneumatic splint preventing for collapse of the pharyngeal airway. Treatment must begin only after a correct diagnosis. As soon as a nasal positive pressure is applied: snoring is abolished; apnoea and hypopnoea events disappear; nocturnal desaturations are corrected; microarousals disappear and sleep fragmentation is corrected and consequently quality of life is improved. Nasal positive pressure can be delivered by CPAP, bilevel positive airway pressure and AUTO-CPAP. Acceptance of and compliance with nasal positive pressure must be assessed.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 2002; VIII (1): 65-77

Key-words:
CPAP
bileval positive airway pressure
AUTO-CPAP
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Palestra proferida no 34º Curso de Pneumologia para Pós-Graduados, Lisboa, 2001

Copyright © 2002. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP
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