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Vol. 15. Issue 5.
Pages 783-802 (September - October 2009)
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Vol. 15. Issue 5.
Pages 783-802 (September - October 2009)
Artigo Original/Original Article
Open Access
Caracterização dos fumadores e factores que influenciam a motivação para a cessação tabágica
A characterisation of smokers and factors influencing motivation to stop smoking
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5676
Inês Rosendo1, Gorete Fonseca2, Ana Rita Guedes3, Vera Martins4
1 Médica interna de Medicina Geral e Familiar, Centro de Saúde de Eiras/General Practice and Family Health, Eiras Health Centre
2 Médica interna de Medicina Geral e Familiar, Centro de Saúde da Lousã/Resident, General Practice and Family Health, Lousã Health Centre
3 Médica interna de Medicina Geral e Familiar, Centro de Saúde Norton de Matos/Resident, General Practice and Family Health, Norton de Matos Health Centre
4 Médica interna de Medicina Geral e Familiar, USF Briosa, Centro de Saúde Norton de Matos/Resident, General Practice and Family Health, USF Briosa, Norton de Matos Health Centre
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Resumo

Introdução: O tabaco é actualmente um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública. Desta forma, o conheci-mento do perfil do fumador é essencial para poder adequar estratégias de intervenção, sendo fundamental avaliar a sua motivação.

Objectivos: Calcular a prevalência de fumadores de quatro ficheiros de três centros de saúde do distrito de Coimbra e caracterizá-los em termos demográficos, padrão de consumo, motivação para a cessação tabágica e comorbilidades. Determinar a relação entre motivação para deixar de fumar e idade, sexo, idade de início e quantidade do consumo, comorbilidades cardiovasculares, respiratórias e psiquiátricas associadas.

Metodologia: Estudo descritivo com componente analítico. População acessível: utentes entre 15 e 65 anos, utilizadores da consulta de quatro ficheiros de três centros de saúde do distrito de Coimbra entre Ju-nho e Agosto de 2007. Tratamento de dados: SPSS17.

Resultados: Duzentos e vinte e quatro entrevistados aleatoriamente, 64,3% mulheres, com idade média de 44,9 anos. A prevalência de fumadores foi de 17% (52,63% mulheres). A idade média dos fumadores foi de 39,4 anos. A idade média de início de consumo ta-bágico foi de 17,2 anos. A quantidade média de cigarros consumidos foi de 17,5/dia. Dos fumadores, 50% eram portadores de comorbilidades. Não foi encontra-da associação estatisticamente significativa de nenhum destes factores com a motivação para deixar de fumar.

Discussão/conclusão: Os resultados obtidos são so-breponíveis a outros estudos nacionais. Entre os jovens, há mais mulheres fumadoras, e as mulheres fumam menos cigarros/dia. Das comorbilidades estudadas, as mais frequentes foram as cardiovasculares e as psiquiátricas. Apenas metade dos fumadores estavam motiva-dos para a cessação tabágica.

Rev Port Pneumol 2009; XV (5): 783-802

Palavras-chave:
Cessação tabágica
motivação
caracterização
fumadores
Abstract

Background: Smoking is currently a leading public health priority. Profiling smokers allows for adequate intervention strategies and it is important to assess smokers’ motivation.

Aims: To calculate the rate of smokers in 4 files from 3 Health Centres in Coimbra and characterise smokers in terms of demographics, consumption pattern, motivation for smoking cessation and co-morbidities. Investigate the relationship between motivation to stop smoking and age, gender, consumption and age at starting smoking and cardiovascular, respiratory and psychiatric co-morbidities.

Methods: Descriptive study with analytical component. Accessible population: 15-65 year old patients from 4 files from 3 Health Centres in Coimbra seen July – August 2007. Data treatment: SPSS 17.

Results: 224 randomly interviewed patients, 64.3% women; mean age 44.9years old. Rate of smokers was 17% (52.63% female). Smokers’ mean age was 39.4years old. The mean age at starting smoking was 17.2years old (16.4 in men). Mean cigarette consumption was 17.5/day (13.3 in women). 47.4% was poorly motivated, 52.6% moderate/highly motivated. 50% of the smokers had co-morbidities. There was no association between any of these factors and smoking cessation motivation.

Discussion/conclusions: The results are similar to other national studies. There were more younger female smokers than male, but females smoked fewer cigarettes/day. In this study the most frequent co-morbidities were cardiovascular and psychiatric. Only half of the smokers were motivated to stop smoking.

Rev Port Pneumol 2009; XV (5): 783-802

Key-words:
Smoking cessation
motivation
smoking epidemiology
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