Journal Information
Vol. 17. Issue 2.
Pages 66-70 (March - April 2011)
Vol. 17. Issue 2.
Pages 66-70 (March - April 2011)
Artigo original
Open Access
Pressões respiratórias máximas em nadadores adolescentes
Maximal respiratory pressures among adolescent swimmers
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M.A. Rocha Crispino Santos
Corresponding author
marilenecs@terra.com.br

Autor para correspondência.
, M.L. Pinto, C. Couto Sant’Anna, M. Bernhoeft
Departamento de Pediatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Resumo

As pressões inspiratórias máximas (PIM) e pressões expiratórias máximas (PEM) são indicadores úteis de força muscular em atletas.

Os objetivos desse estudo foram: descrever a força da musculatura respiratória de uma equipe Olímpica júnior de natação, em repouso e após um exercício físico padronizado e determinar o diferencial de pressão inspiratória e expiratória obtido como resposta ao exercício físico.

Estudo descritivo que avaliou 28 nadadores de nível internacional, com idades variáveis entre 15 a 17 anos, sendo 19 (61%) do sexo masculino. Em repouso, os valores mais baixos de PIM foram encontrados no sexo feminino (p=0,001). Os valores médios alcançados no sexo masculino (M) e feminino (F) foram: PIM (cm H2O) = M: 100,4 (± 26,5)/ F:67,8 (± 23,2); PEM (cm H2O) = M:87,4 (± 20,7)/ F:73,9 (± 17,3). Após o exercício físico foram obtidos os seguintes valores: PIM (cmH2O) = M:95,3 (± 30,3)/ F: 71,8(± 35,6); PEM (cm H2O) = M:82,8 (± 26,2)/ F: 70,4 (± 8,3). Não foram registrados diferenciais de pressões inspiratórias e expiratórias máximas em resposta ao exercício, em ambos os sexos. Esses resultados sugerem que os nadadores olímpicos conseguiram sustentar a magnitude das pressões máximas iniciais. No entanto, outros estudos deverão ser realizados a fim de verificar se PIM e PEM poderiam ser empregados como marcadores de desempenho de atletas.

Palavras-chave:
Pressão respiratória máxima
Atletas
Nadadores
Adolescentes
Função pulmonar
Abstract

Maximal inspiratory pressures (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressures (MEP) are useful indices of respiratory muscle strength in athletes.

The aims of this study were: to describe the strength of the respiratory muscles of Olympic junior swim team, at baseline and after a standard physical training; and to determine if there is a differential inspiratory and expiratory pressure response to the physical training.

A cross-sectional study evaluated 28 international-level swimmers with ages ranging from 15 to 17 years, 19 (61%) being males. At baseline, MIP was found to be lower in females (P=.001). The mean values reached by males and females were: MIP (cmH2O) = M: 100.4 (± 26.5)/F: 67.8 (± 23.2); MEP (cmH2O) = M: 87.4 (± 20.7)/F: 73.9 (± 17.3). After the physical training they reached: MIP (cmH2O) = M: 95.3 (± 30.3)/F: 71.8 (± 35.6); MEP (cmH2O) = M: 82.8 (± 26.2)/F: 70.4 (± 8.3).

No differential pressure responses were observed in either males or females. These results suggest that swimmers can sustain the magnitude of the initial maximal pressures. Other studies should be developed to clarify if MIP and MEP could be used as a marker of an athlete's performance.

Keywords:
Maximal respiratory pressure
Athletes
Swimmers
Adolescents
Lung function
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